185 research outputs found
Automatic selection of the Groebner Basis' monomial order employed for the synthesis of the inverse kinematic model of non-redundant open-chain robotic systems
This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in José Guzmán-Giménez, Ángel Valera Fernández, Vicente Mata Amela & Miguel Ángel Díaz-Rodríguez (2023) Automatic selection of the Groebner Basis¿ monomial order employed for the synthesis of the inverse kinematic model of non-redundant open-chain robotic systems, Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 51:5, 2458-2480, DOI: 10.1080/15397734.2021.1899829 [copyright Taylor & Francis], available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/15397734.2021.1899829[EN] The methods most commonly used to synthesize the Inverse Kinematic Model (IKM) of open-chain robotic systems strongly depend on the robot's geometry, which make them difficult to systematize. In a previous work we presented a systematic procedure that relies on Groebner Bases to synthesize the IKM of non-redundant open-chain robots. This study expands the developed procedure with a methodology for the automatic selection of the basis' monomial order. The procedure's inputs are the robot's Denavit-Hartenberg parameters and the movement range of its actuators, while the output is the synthesized IKM, ready to be used in the robot's control system or in a simulation of its behavior. This procedure can synthesize the IKM of a wide range of open-chain robotic systems, such as Cartesian robots, SCARA, non-redundant multi-legged robots, and all non-redundant manipulators that satisfy the in-line wrist condition. The procedure's performance is assessed through two study cases of open-chain robots: a walking hexapod and a PUMA manipulator. The optimal monomial order is successfully identified for all cases. Also the output errors of the synthesized IKMs are negligible when evaluated in their corresponding workspaces, while their computation times are comparable to those required by the kinematic models calculated by traditional methods.This research was partially funded by Plan Nacional de IthornDthorni, Agencia Estatal de Investigacion del Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad del Gobierno de Espana, in the project FEDER-CICYT DPI201784201-R.Guzmán-Giménez, J.; Valera Fernández, Á.; Mata Amela, V.; Díaz-Rodríguez, MÁ. (2023). Automatic selection of the Groebner Basis' monomial order employed for the synthesis of the inverse kinematic model of non-redundant open-chain robotic systems. Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines. 51(5):2458-2480. https://doi.org/10.1080/15397734.2021.18998292458248051
Active vibration control of a flexible robot link using piezoelectric actuators
Nuisance vibrations are a concern throughout the engineering realm, and many re-searchers are dedicated to finding a solution to attenuate them. This research primarily focusses upon the suppression of vibrations in a robot system, with the control system being designed so that it is both affordable and lightweight. Such constraints aim to provide a solution that may be utilised in a variety of applications. The utilisation of piezoelectric elements as both actuators and sensors provides several advantages in that they are lightweight, easily integrated into an existing system and have a good force to weight ratio when used as actuators. To read and control these elements a single board computer was employed, in acknowledgement of the constraining parameters of the design. The amalgamation of vibration control and robotics has lent to the re-search being conducted with separate objectives set, isolating certain elements of the overall system design for validation. Ultimately, these separate investigations progress to the integration of the robot and control systems prior to further research concerning nonlinear vibrations, dynamic control and the discrete-time domain modelling of the system.This research first investigates the viability of the chosen components as a vibration attenuation solution. In addition, analytical models of the system have been created, for two types of sensors to determine the most effective; an inertial measurement unit and a collocated pair of piezoelectric sensors. These models are based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and aim to validate the control theory through a comparison of the experimental data. These experiments isolate the vibration problem from a robot system through the investigation of the control of a long slender beam envisioned as a robot manipulator link, but excited using a shaker platform in a sinusoidal manner. An observation of the theory related to the voltage produced by the piezoelectric elements, suggests that even with the application of only proportional control by the system, the controlled output would have components indicative of both proportional and derivative control. This observation and the underlying theory are further analysed within this research.The next objectives are to compare the performance of the control system developed in this research which utilises a Raspberry Pi 3B+ [1] with one that employs a dSPACE MicroLabBox [2], and to determine the suitability of the former for use with robot sys-tems. With the former ensuring that the constraints placed on the design, those which influenced the selection of the components, does not conclude to the dSPACE Micro-LabBox system being overtly preferable. The latter investigates both the impact of the system’s inclusion on the functionality of the system and the system’s perform-ance with respect to the intended application. The KUKA LBR iiwa 7 R800 [3] robot manipulator is utilised to satisfy this objective, wherein the link is mounted on the end effector of the manipulator acting as an eighth link. The final investigation in this research pertains to the attenuation of nonlinear vibrations experienced by a robot manipulator link. Additional components were added to the link to induce a geometric nonlinearity in the system. An analytical model of the amended system was created to validate the theory through comparison with experimental results. The control system was employed for multiple cases to ascertain the level of its performance with regards to the suppression of nonlinear vibrations
Synthesis of the Complete Inverse Kinematic Model of Non-Redundant Open-Chain Robotic Systems using Groebner Basis Theory
[ES] Uno de los elementos más importantes en el sistema de control de un robot es su Modelo Cinemático Inverso (IKM, por sus siglas en inglés), el cual calcula las referencias de posición y velocidad requeridas para que dicho robot pueda seguir una trayectoria. Los métodos más comúnmente empleados para la síntesis del IKM de sistemas robotizados de cadena cinemática abierta dependen fuertemente de la geometría del robot, por lo que no son procedimientos sistemáticos que puedan ser aplicados uniformemente en todas las situaciones. Este proyecto presenta el desarrollo de un procedimiento sistemático para la síntesis del IKM completo de sistemas robotizados no redundantes de cadena cinemática abierta usando la teoría de Bases de Groebner, el cual no depende de la geometría del robot. Las entradas del procedimiento desarrollado son los parámetros de Denavit-Hartenberg del robot y el rango de movimiento de sus actuadores, mientras que la salida es el IKM sintetizado, listo para ser usado en el sistema de control del robot o en una simulación de su funcionamiento. El desempeño del procedimiento desarrollado fue demostrado sintetizando los IKMs de un manipulador PUMA y un hexápodo caminante. Los tiempos de ejecución de ambos IKMs son comparables con los requeridos por los modelos cinemáticos calculados por procedimientos tradicionales, y los errores de las referencias que ofrecen como salida son totalmente despreciables. Los IKMs sintetizados son completos, porque no sólo ofrecen las referencias de posición para todos los actuadores del robot, sino que también calculan las correspondientes referencias de velocidades y aceleraciones de dichos actuadores, por lo que el procedimiento desarrollado puede ser empleado en una amplia variedad de sistemas robotizados.[CA] Un dels elements més importants en el sistema de control d'un robot és el seu Model Cinemàtic Invers (IKM, per les seues sigles en anglés), el qual calcula les referències de posició i velocitat requerides perquè aquest robot puga seguir una trajectòria. Els mètodes més comunament emprats per a la síntesi del IKM de sistemes robotitzats de cadena cinemàtica oberta depenen fortament de la geometria del robot analitzat, per la qual cosa no són procediments sistemàtics que puguen ser aplicats uniformement en totes les situacions. Aquest projecte presenta el desenvolupament d'un procediment sistemàtic per a la síntesi del IKM complet de sistemes robotitzats no redundants de cadena cinemàtica oberta usant la teoria de Bases de Groebner, el qual no depén de la geometria del robot. Les entrades del procediment desenvolupat són els paràmetres de Denavit-Hartenberg del robot i el rang de moviment dels seus actuadors, mentre que l'eixida és el IKM sintetitzat, llest per a ser usat en el sistema de control del robot o en una simulació del seu funcionament. L'acompliment del procediment desenvolupat va ser demostrat sintetitzant els IKMs d'un manipulador PUMA i un robot caminante. Els temps d'execució de tots dos IKMs són comparables amb els requerits pels models cinemàtics calculats per procediments tradicionals, i els errors de les referències que ofereixen com a eixida són totalment menyspreables. Els IKMs sintetitzats són complets, perquè no sols ofereixen les referències de posició per a tots els actuadors del robot, sinó que també calculen les corresponents referències de velocitats i acceleracions d'aquests actuadors, per la qual cosa el procediment desenvolupat pot ser emprat en una àmplia varietat de sistemes robotitzats.[EN] One of the most important elements of a robot's control system is its Inverse Kinematic Model (IKM), which calculates the position and velocity references required by the robot's actuators to follow a trajectory. The methods that are commonly used to synthesize the IKM of open-chain robotic systems strongly depend on the geometry of the analyzed robot, so they are not systematic procedures that can be applied equally in all situations. This project presents the development of a systematic procedure to synthesize the complete IKM of non-redundant open-chain robotic systems using Groebner Basis theory, which does not depend on the robot's geometry. The inputs to the developed procedure are the robot's Denavit-Hartenberg parameters and the movement range of its actuators, while the output is the IKM, ready to be used in the robot's control system or in a simulation of its behavior. This procedure's performance was proved synthesizing the IKMs of a PUMA manipulator and a walking hexapod robot. The computation times of both IKMs are comparable to those required by the kinematic models calculated by traditional methods, while the errors of their computed references were absolutely negligible. The synthesized IKMs are complete in the sense that they not only supply the position reference for all the robot's actuators, but also the corresponding references for their velocities and accelerations, so the developed procedure can be used in a wide range of robotic systems.Guzmán Giménez, J. (2022). Synthesis of the Complete Inverse Kinematic Model of Non-Redundant Open-Chain Robotic Systems using Groebner Basis Theory [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/181632TESI
Safety Awareness for Rigid and Elastic Joint Robots: An Impact Dynamics and Control Framework
This thesis aims at making robots with rigid and elastic joints aware of human collision safety. A framework is proposed that captures human injury occurrence and robot inherent safety properties in a unified manner. It allows to quantitatively compare and optimize the safety characteristics of different robot designs and is applied to stationary and mobile manipulators. On the same basis, novel motion control schemes are developed and experimentally validated
MATLAB
This excellent book represents the final part of three-volumes regarding MATLAB-based applications in almost every branch of science. The book consists of 19 excellent, insightful articles and the readers will find the results very useful to their work. In particular, the book consists of three parts, the first one is devoted to mathematical methods in the applied sciences by using MATLAB, the second is devoted to MATLAB applications of general interest and the third one discusses MATLAB for educational purposes. This collection of high quality articles, refers to a large range of professional fields and can be used for science as well as for various educational purposes
Medical Robotics
The first generation of surgical robots are already being installed in a number of operating rooms around the world. Robotics is being introduced to medicine because it allows for unprecedented control and precision of surgical instruments in minimally invasive procedures. So far, robots have been used to position an endoscope, perform gallbladder surgery and correct gastroesophogeal reflux and heartburn. The ultimate goal of the robotic surgery field is to design a robot that can be used to perform closed-chest, beating-heart surgery. The use of robotics in surgery will expand over the next decades without any doubt. Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is a revolutionary approach in surgery. In MIS, the operation is performed with instruments and viewing equipment inserted into the body through small incisions created by the surgeon, in contrast to open surgery with large incisions. This minimizes surgical trauma and damage to healthy tissue, resulting in shorter patient recovery time. The aim of this book is to provide an overview of the state-of-art, to present new ideas, original results and practical experiences in this expanding area. Nevertheless, many chapters in the book concern advanced research on this growing area. The book provides critical analysis of clinical trials, assessment of the benefits and risks of the application of these technologies. This book is certainly a small sample of the research activity on Medical Robotics going on around the globe as you read it, but it surely covers a good deal of what has been done in the field recently, and as such it works as a valuable source for researchers interested in the involved subjects, whether they are currently “medical roboticists” or not
Mobile Robots Navigation
Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described
Parallel Manipulators
In recent years, parallel kinematics mechanisms have attracted a lot of attention from the academic and industrial communities due to potential applications not only as robot manipulators but also as machine tools. Generally, the criteria used to compare the performance of traditional serial robots and parallel robots are the workspace, the ratio between the payload and the robot mass, accuracy, and dynamic behaviour. In addition to the reduced coupling effect between joints, parallel robots bring the benefits of much higher payload-robot mass ratios, superior accuracy and greater stiffness; qualities which lead to better dynamic performance. The main drawback with parallel robots is the relatively small workspace. A great deal of research on parallel robots has been carried out worldwide, and a large number of parallel mechanism systems have been built for various applications, such as remote handling, machine tools, medical robots, simulators, micro-robots, and humanoid robots. This book opens a window to exceptional research and development work on parallel mechanisms contributed by authors from around the world. Through this window the reader can get a good view of current parallel robot research and applications
Industrial Robotics
This book covers a wide range of topics relating to advanced industrial robotics, sensors and automation technologies. Although being highly technical and complex in nature, the papers presented in this book represent some of the latest cutting edge technologies and advancements in industrial robotics technology. This book covers topics such as networking, properties of manipulators, forward and inverse robot arm kinematics, motion path-planning, machine vision and many other practical topics too numerous to list here. The authors and editor of this book wish to inspire people, especially young ones, to get involved with robotic and mechatronic engineering technology and to develop new and exciting practical applications, perhaps using the ideas and concepts presented herein
Advanced Strategies for Robot Manipulators
Amongst the robotic systems, robot manipulators have proven themselves to be of increasing importance and are widely adopted to substitute for human in repetitive and/or hazardous tasks. Modern manipulators are designed complicatedly and need to do more precise, crucial and critical tasks. So, the simple traditional control methods cannot be efficient, and advanced control strategies with considering special constraints are needed to establish. In spite of the fact that groundbreaking researches have been carried out in this realm until now, there are still many novel aspects which have to be explored
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