68,399 research outputs found
Od definicije besedne vrste v slovnici do besednovrstne oznake v slovarju
In dictionaries, part-of-speech labelling represents a substantial segment of lexicographic descriptions. Although it is based in the grammar of a particular language, it must follow the concept of each particular dictionary. In recent decades, noticeable progress in the theoretical discourse on word classes in Slovenian may be observed. While fulfilling other lexicographical demands (the structure of the lexical unit, lexical meaning, categorial semantic features), modern Slovenian dictionary-making could also consider new conceptions of Slovenian word classes developed by recent studies. In respect to part-of-speech labelling, dictionaries of Slovenian are not uniform; this fact might be taken into consideration by authors of new Slovenian lexicographic manuals
Maternal label and gesture use affects acquisition of specific object names
Ten mothers were observed prospectively, interacting with their infants aged 0 ; 10 in two contexts (picture description and noun description). Maternal communicative behaviours were coded for volubility, gestural production and labelling style. Verbal labelling events were categorized into three exclusive categories: label only; label plus deictic gesture; label plus iconic gesture. We evaluated the predictive relations between maternal communicative style and children's subsequent acquisition of ten target nouns. Strong relations were observed between maternal communicative style and children's acquisition of the target nouns. Further, even controlling for maternal volubility and maternal labelling, maternal use of iconic gestures predicted the timing of acquisition of nouns in comprehension. These results support the proposition that maternal gestural input facilitates linguistic development, and suggest that such facilitation may be a function of gesture type
On issues of labelling in the dictionnaire FrançaisâMpongwĂ© : a case-study
Dictionaries contain lexicographic data whose occurrence is restricted to certain geo-graphical areas, subject fields, professions, etc. It is part of the duties of the lexicographer to give an account of such deviations to ensure a successful retrieval of the information on the part of the user. This contribution presents a discussion on labelling issues in the Dictionnaire FrançaisâMpongwĂ©. Although the main focus is on the presentation of different types of labelling as well as problems in labelling, textual condensation procedures and mediostructural representations (to-gether with some aspects of the user perspective) are also critically evaluated. It is shown that these procedures reveal some inconsistencies which are not accounted for in the outer texts (front matter and back matter texts) of the dictionary. Finally suggestions are made for the improvement of the access structure of this dictionary.Les dictionnaires contiennent des donnĂ©es lexico-graphiques dont l'occurrence est restreinte Ă une rĂ©gion gĂ©ographique donnĂ©e, un champ de con-naissance, une profession, etc. Il est du devoir du lexicographe de prendre en compte ces dĂ©via-tions afin d'assurer un transfert d'information positif au niveau de l'utilisateur. La prĂ©sente contri-bution prĂ©sent une discussion sur les problĂšmes d'Ă©tiquetage dans le Dictionnaire FrançaisâMpongwĂ©. Bien que le principal centre d'intĂ©rĂȘt se situe au niveau de la prĂ©sentation des diffĂ©rentes catĂ©gories d'Ă©tiquettes ainsi que les problĂšmes d'Ă©tiquetage, les procĂ©dĂ©s de condensation textuelles et les reprĂ©sentations mediostructurelles (accompagnĂ©es de quelques aspects relatifs aux utilisateurs du dictionnaire) sont Ă©galement critiquement Ă©valuĂ©s. Il est dĂ©montrĂ© que ces procĂ©dĂ©s rĂ©vĂšlent quel-ques inconsistances qui ne sont pas rendues au niveau des textes externes (prĂ©textes et posttextes) du dictionnaire. Finalement, des suggestions sont faites dans le sens de l'amĂ©lioration de la struc-ture d'accĂšs de ce dictionnaire
Reclamation: Taking Back Control of Words
Reclamation is the phenomenon of an oppressed group repurposing language to its own ends. A case study is reclamation of slur words. Popa-Wyatt and Wyatt (2018) argued that a slurring utterance is a speech act which performs a discourse role assignment. It assigns a subordinate role to the target, while the speaker assumes a dominant role. This pair of role assignments is used to oppress the target. Here I focus on how reclamation works and under what conditions its benefits can stabilise. I start by reviewing the data and describing preconditions and motivations for reclamation. Can reclamation be explained in the same basic framework as regular slurring utterances? I argue that it can. I also identify some features that must be a prediction of any theory of reclamation. I conclude that reclamation is an instance of a much broader class of acts we do with words to change the distribution of power: it begets power, but it also requires it
Gated Task Interaction Framework for Multi-task Sequence Tagging
Recent studies have shown that neural models can achieve high performance on
several sequence labelling/tagging problems without the explicit use of
linguistic features such as part-of-speech (POS) tags. These models are trained
only using the character-level and the word embedding vectors as inputs. Others
have shown that linguistic features can improve the performance of neural
models on tasks such as chunking and named entity recognition (NER). However,
the change in performance depends on the degree of semantic relatedness between
the linguistic features and the target task; in some instances, linguistic
features can have a negative impact on performance. This paper presents an
approach to jointly learn these linguistic features along with the target
sequence labelling tasks with a new multi-task learning (MTL) framework called
Gated Tasks Interaction (GTI) network for solving multiple sequence tagging
tasks. The GTI network exploits the relations between the multiple tasks via
neural gate modules. These gate modules control the flow of information between
the different tasks. Experiments on benchmark datasets for chunking and NER
show that our framework outperforms other competitive baselines trained with
and without external training resources.Comment: 8 page
Towards Understanding Egyptian Arabic Dialogues
Labelling of user's utterances to understanding his attends which called
Dialogue Act (DA) classification, it is considered the key player for dialogue
language understanding layer in automatic dialogue systems. In this paper, we
proposed a novel approach to user's utterances labeling for Egyptian
spontaneous dialogues and Instant Messages using Machine Learning (ML) approach
without relying on any special lexicons, cues, or rules. Due to the lack of
Egyptian dialect dialogue corpus, the system evaluated by multi-genre corpus
includes 4725 utterances for three domains, which are collected and annotated
manually from Egyptian call-centers. The system achieves F1 scores of 70. 36%
overall domains.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1505.0308
The Names of Us English: Valley Girl, Cowboy, Yankee, Normal, Nasal, and Ignorant
A commonplace in United States (hereafter US) linguistics is that every region supports its own standard; none is the locus (or source) of the standard. Historically that is a fair assessment, for no long-term centre of culture, economy and government has dominated in the US
Phonemic Segmentation and Labelling using the MAUS Technique
We describe the pronunciation model of the automatic segmentation technique MAUS based on a data-driven Markov process and a new evaluation measure for phonemic transcripts relative symmetric accuracy; results are given for the MAUS segmentation and labelling on German dialog speech. MAUS is currently distributed as a freeware package by the Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals and will also be implemented as a web-service in the near future
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