A Bayesian Multivariate Functional Dynamic Linear Model

We present a Bayesian approach for modeling multivariate, dependent functional data. To account for the three dominant structural features in the data--functional, time dependent, and multivariate components--we extend hierarchical dynamic linear models for multivariate time series to the functional data setting. We also develop Bayesian spline theory in a more general constrained optimization framework. The proposed methods identify a time-invariant functional basis for the functional observations, which is smooth and interpretable, and can be made common across multivariate observations for additional information sharing. The Bayesian framework permits joint estimation of the model parameters, provides exact inference (up to MCMC error) on specific parameters, and allows generalized dependence structures. Sampling from the posterior distribution is accomplished with an efficient Gibbs sampling algorithm. We illustrate the proposed framework with two applications: (1) multi-economy yield curve data from the recent global recession, and (2) local field potential brain signals in rats, for which we develop a multivariate functional time series approach for multivariate time-frequency analysis. Supplementary materials, including R code and the multi-economy yield curve data, are available online

Investigation of the papillary muscles of the human’s heart left ventricle by microscopic method

Ukraine ranks first in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and mortality due to them in recent years. Therefore, the increased interest in the structural and functional features of the internal relief of the ventricles of the human heart remains relevant. The normal functioning of the heart depends, first of all, on the mutually coordinated work of its structural components, a deviation in the structure of which leads to a violation of the hemodynamic processes of the heart. Also, to identify the structural changes that occur with heart pathology, data on its normal morphological structure are necessary

Identification of MarvelD3 as a tight junction-associated transmembrane protein of the occludin family

Background: Tight junctions are an intercellular adhesion complex of epithelial and endothelial cells, and form a paracellular barrier that restricts the diffusion of solutes on the basis of size and charge. Tight junctions are formed by multiprotein complexes containing cytosolic and transmembrane proteins. How these components work together to form functional tight junctions is still not well understood and will require a complete understanding of the molecular composition of the junction. Results: Here we identify a new transmembrane component of tight junctions: MarvelD3, a four-span transmembrane protein. Its predicted transmembrane helices form a Marvel (MAL and related proteins for vesicle traffic and membrane link) domain, a structural motif originally discovered in proteins involved in membrane apposition and fusion events, such as the tight junction proteins occludin and tricellulin. In mammals, MarvelD3 is expressed as two alternatively spliced isoforms. Both isoforms exhibit a broad tissue distribution and are expressed by different types of epithelial as well as endothelial cells. MarvelD3 co-localises with occludin at tight junctions in intestinal and corneal epithelial cells. RNA interference experiments in Caco-2 cells indicate that normal MarvelD3 expression is not required for the formation of functional tight junctions but depletion results in monolayers with increased transepithelial electrical resistance. Conclusions: Our data indicate that MarvelD3 is a third member of the tight junction-associated occludin family of transmembrane proteins. Similar to occludin, normal expression of MarvelD3 is not essential for the formation of functional tight junctions. However, MarvelD3 functions as a determinant of epithelial paracellular permeability properties

Management of Basic Unit of Organizational Structure

This research paper identifies components of organizational structure and the need to formulate a basic unit of organizational structure. The basic unit of any organization is vitally a propelling force that enables goal implementation and accomplishment. While organizational structures impact on the success and failure of achieving the set goal of an organization, it is extremely important to understand the elements that construct the basic structural unit of an organization. The purpose of the study is to understand and develop a substantial model of a basic structural unit of organization and how it could be managed. The methodology of the paper is through the holistic structural analysis of the basic units of living things and its relative impact on living, and relating the conceptual phenomenon of the living things to organizational structure and derive a basic unit. It is purely a qualitative study on living thing’s structural and functional aspects. The data collected were observed components of structural and functional aspects of human and plant anatomy and physiology and inanimate elements. Finding depicts the basic structural unit of an organization is composed of a physical system, cognitive system, social system, and spiritual system. Contingency approach of a basic unit fits all situations with the right composition of the systems considered in this research. Creating a basic unit of an organizational structure to function continuously to eliminate overt pressure and stress on employees. Differences in the functions performed internally and externally by living things and organization are significant. Synchronizing functional units with the basic unit have an effective outcome of organizational goals. Further study could be done separately on the sustainability of organizational growth and its effective basic unit. Discussions of the research identify the management of basic unit towards organizational efficiency and effectiveness.&nbsp