Stochastic Dynamic Optimization Models for Societal Resource Allocation

We study a class of stochastic resource allocation problems that specifically deals with effective utilization of resources in the interest of social value creation. These problems are treated as a separate class of problems mainly due to the nonprofit nature of the application areas, as well as the abstract structure of social value definition. As part of our analysis of these unique characteristics in societal resource allocation, we consider two major application areas involving such decisions. The first application area deals with resource allocations for foreclosed housing acquisitions as part of the response to the foreclosure crisis in the U.S. Two stochastic dynamic models are developed and analyzed for these types of problems. In the first model, we consider strategic resource allocation decisions by community development corporations (CDCs), which aim to minimize the negative effects of foreclosures by acquiring, redeveloping and selling foreclosed properties in their service areas. We model this strategic decision process through different types of stochastic mixed-integer programming formulations, and present alternative solution approaches. We also apply the models to real-world data obtained through interactions with a CDC, and perform both policy related and computational analyses. Based on these analyses, we present some general policy insights involving tradeoffs between different societal objectives, and also discuss the efficiency of exact and heuristic solution approaches for the models.In the second model, we consider a tactical resource allocation problem, and identify socially optimal policies for CDCs in dynamically selecting foreclosed properties for acquisition as they become available over time. The analytical results based on a dynamic programming model are then implemented in a case study involving a CDC, and social return based measures defining selectivity rates at different budget levels are specified. The second application area involves dynamic portfolio management approaches for optimization of surgical team compositions in robotic surgeries. For this problem, we develop a stochastic dynamic model to identify policies for optimal team configurations, where optimality is defined based on the minimum experience level required to achieve the maximum attainable performance over all ranges of feasible experience measures. We derive individual and dependent performance values of each surgical team member by using data on operating room time and team member experience, and then use them as inputs to a stochastic programming based framework that we develop. Several insights and guidelines for dynamic staff allocation to surgical teams are then proposed based on the analytical and numerical results derived from the model

Accountants\u27 index. Twenty-eighth supplement, January-December 1979, volume 2: M-Z

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_accind/1034/thumbnail.jp

Accountants\u27 index. Twenty-eighth supplement, January-December 1979, volume 1: A-L

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_accind/1033/thumbnail.jp

Sustainable Development of Real Estate

Research, theoretical and practical tasks of sustainable real estate development process are revised in detail in this monograph; particular examples are presented as well. The concept of modern real estate development model and a developer is discussed, peculiarities of the development of built environment and real estate objects are analyzed, as well as assessment methods, models and management of real estate and investments in order to increase the object value. Theoretical and practical analyses, presented in the monograph, prove that intelligent and augmented reality technologies allow business managers to reach higher results in work quality, organize a creative team of developers, which shall present more qualitative products for the society. The edition presents knowledge on economic, legal, technological, technical, organizational, social, cultural, ethical, psychological and environmental, as well as its management aspects, which are important for the development of real estate: publicly admitted sustainable development principles, urban development and aesthetic values, territory planning, participation of society and heritage protection. It is admitted that economical crises are inevitable, and the provided methods shall help to decrease possible loss. References to the most modern world scientific literature sources are presented in the monograph. The monograph is prepared for the researchers, MSc and PhD students of construction economics and real estate development. The book may be useful for other researchers, MSc and PhD students of economics, management and other specialities, as well as business specialist of real estate business. The publication of monograph was funded by European Social Fund according to project No. VP1-2.2-ŠMM-07-K-02-060 Development and Implementation of Joint Master’s Study Programme “Sustainable Development of the Built Environment”

LAND TENURE, LAND MARKETS, AND INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION IN ZAMBIA

This paper identifies current land market constraints as a basis for designing an action plan to assist the government with land policy reforms. Chapter 1 provides a general overview of the history of land policy in Zambia and critiques selected pieces of land legislation that define the legal framework governing land rights and land markets in the country. Legal and institutional impediments to the development of a market-oriented land policy are identified along with concrete recommendations for short- and long-term legal and institutional reforms. Chapter 2 presents a thorough review of land registration procedures starting with the roles and activities of the chiefs and rural councils` and ending with the issuance of the title certificate by the Commissioner of Lands. Chapter 3 focuses on the assimilation and analysis of data on official title issuances and transfers in State, Reserve and Trust Lands. Chapter 4 reviews alternative methods for administering government land policy in undeveloped areas, including options for land development, land distribution via allocation or auction, land price determination, valuation of leasehold rents, and property taxation. Chapter 5 is a synthesis of a land tenure study involving a survey of 200 agricultural producing households in Eastern and Southern provinces. The chapter briefly discusses the research methodology used, followed by empirical findings on land acquisition, land rights, and land conflicts. Chapter 6 reviews the nature and scale of past settlement schemes and assesses their performance based on archival research, and analysis of primary and secondary data. Chapter 7 uses available time series data to analyze national and regional changes in land use, productivity, and profitability of agriculture, both spatially and temporally, for the commercial and noncommercial farm sectors. This chapter was intended as a more forward-looking analysis of economic forces influencing the profitability of farming in Zambia, the rate of expansion in the agricultural frontier, and the resource issues that are likely to emerge in the context of agricultural extensification. Chapter 8 provides an overview of official time series published by various agencies in Zambia, including the state of their availability for analysis and the methodology used to collect the data. Data presented in this and previous chapters underscore the difficulty of making policy decisions given the very weak and tenuous base of empirical research on property rights, agrarian structure, resource management, land use, and market access in both the state and customary sectors.Land Economics/Use,