State Estimation in Two Time Scales for Smart Distribution Systems

The monitoring of distribution systems relies on a critical set of pseudomeasurements and a varying but low number of redundant measurements. In the light of the different refreshing rates of both types of information, this paper considers a state estimation model structured in two time scales. Possibilities and limitations of the proposed model are discussed, and illustrated on a real distribution system comprising a diversity of load patterns

Every Moment Counts: Synchrophasors for Distribution Networks with Variable Resources

Chapter 34 in the textbook, "Renewable Energy Integration: Practical Management of Variability, Uncertainty and Flexibility