469 research outputs found
State Complexity of Reversals of Deterministic Finite Automata with Output
We investigate the worst-case state complexity of reversals of deterministic
finite automata with output (DFAOs). In these automata, each state is assigned
some output value, rather than simply being labelled final or non-final. This
directly generalizes the well-studied problem of determining the worst-case
state complexity of reversals of ordinary deterministic finite automata. If a
DFAO has states and possible output values, there is a known upper
bound of for the state complexity of reversal. We show this bound can be
reached with a ternary input alphabet. We conjecture it cannot be reached with
a binary input alphabet except when , and give a lower bound for the
case . We prove that the state complexity of reversal depends
solely on the transition monoid of the DFAO and the mapping that assigns output
values to states.Comment: 18 pages, 3 tables. Added missing affiliation/funding informatio
Two-Way Automata Making Choices Only at the Endmarkers
The question of the state-size cost for simulation of two-way
nondeterministic automata (2NFAs) by two-way deterministic automata (2DFAs) was
raised in 1978 and, despite many attempts, it is still open. Subsequently, the
problem was attacked by restricting the power of 2DFAs (e.g., using a
restricted input head movement) to the degree for which it was already possible
to derive some exponential gaps between the weaker model and the standard
2NFAs. Here we use an opposite approach, increasing the power of 2DFAs to the
degree for which it is still possible to obtain a subexponential conversion
from the stronger model to the standard 2DFAs. In particular, it turns out that
subexponential conversion is possible for two-way automata that make
nondeterministic choices only when the input head scans one of the input tape
endmarkers. However, there is no restriction on the input head movement. This
implies that an exponential gap between 2NFAs and 2DFAs can be obtained only
for unrestricted 2NFAs using capabilities beyond the proposed new model. As an
additional bonus, conversion into a machine for the complement of the original
language is polynomial in this model. The same holds for making such machines
self-verifying, halting, or unambiguous. Finally, any superpolynomial lower
bound for the simulation of such machines by standard 2DFAs would imply LNL.
In the same way, the alternating version of these machines is related to L =?
NL =? P, the classical computational complexity problems.Comment: 23 page
Streamability of nested word transductions
We consider the problem of evaluating in streaming (i.e., in a single
left-to-right pass) a nested word transduction with a limited amount of memory.
A transduction T is said to be height bounded memory (HBM) if it can be
evaluated with a memory that depends only on the size of T and on the height of
the input word. We show that it is decidable in coNPTime for a nested word
transduction defined by a visibly pushdown transducer (VPT), if it is HBM. In
this case, the required amount of memory may depend exponentially on the height
of the word. We exhibit a sufficient, decidable condition for a VPT to be
evaluated with a memory that depends quadratically on the height of the word.
This condition defines a class of transductions that strictly contains all
determinizable VPTs
Minimizing resources of sweeping and streaming string transducers
We consider minimization problems for natural parameters of word transducers: the number of passes performed by two-way transducers and the number of registers used by streaming transducers. We show how to compute in ExpSpace the minimum number of passes needed to implement a transduction given as sweeping transducer, and we provide effective constructions of transducers of (worst-case optimal) doubly exponential size. We then consider streaming transducers where concatenations of registers are forbidden in the register updates. Based on a correspondence between the number of passes of sweeping transducers and the number of registers of equivalent concatenation-free streaming transducers, we derive a minimization procedure for the number of registers of concatenation-free streaming transducers
- …