Multitarget Tracking Using Orientation Estimation for Optical Belt Sorting

In optical belt sorting, accurate predictions of the bulk material particles’ motions are required for high-quality results. By implementing a multitarget tracker tailored to the scenario and deriving novel motion models, the predictions are greatly enhanced. The tracker’s reliability is improved by also considering the particles’ orientations. To this end, new estimators for directional quantities based on orthogonal basis functions are presented and shown to outperform the state of the art

Wave Propagation

A wave is one of the basic physics phenomena observed by mankind since ancient time. The wave is also one of the most-studied physics phenomena that can be well described by mathematics. The study may be the best illustration of what is “science”, which approximates the laws of nature by using human defined symbols, operators, and languages. Having a good understanding of waves and wave propagation can help us to improve the quality of life and provide a pathway for future explorations of the nature and universe. This book introduces some exciting applications and theories to those who have general interests in waves and wave propagations, and provides insights and references to those who are specialized in the areas presented in the book

Geodetic Sciences

Space geodetic techniques, e.g., global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), satellite gravimetry and altimetry, and GNSS Reflectometry & Radio Occultation, are capable of measuring small changes of the Earth�s shape, rotation, and gravity field, as well as mass changes in the Earth system with an unprecedented accuracy. This book is devoted to presenting recent results and development in space geodetic techniques and sciences, including GNSS, VLBI, gravimetry, geoid, geodetic atmosphere, geodetic geophysics and geodetic mass transport associated with the ocean, hydrology, cryosphere and solid-Earth. This book provides a good reference for geodetic techniques, engineers, scientists as well as user community

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testin

Channel Prediction for Mobile MIMO Wireless Communication Systems

Temporal variation and frequency selectivity of wireless channels constitute a major drawback to the attainment of high gains in capacity and reliability offered by multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver of a mobile communication system. Limited feedback and adaptive transmission schemes such as adaptive modulation and coding, antenna selection, power allocation and scheduling have the potential to provide the platform of attaining the high transmission rate, capacity and QoS requirements in current and future wireless communication systems. Theses schemes require both the transmitter and receiver to have accurate knowledge of Channel State Information (CSI). In Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, CSI at the transmitter can be obtained using channel reciprocity. In Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, however, CSI is typically estimated at the receiver and fed back to the transmitter via a low-rate feedback link. Due to the inherent time delays in estimation, processing and feedback, the CSI obtained from the receiver may become outdated before its actual usage at the transmitter. This results in significant performance loss, especially in high mobility environments. There is therefore a need to extrapolate the varying channel into the future, far enough to account for the delay and mitigate the performance degradation. The research in this thesis investigates parametric modeling and prediction of mobile MIMO channels for both narrowband and wideband systems. The focus is on schemes that utilize the additional spatial information offered by multiple sampling of the wave-field in multi-antenna systems to aid channel prediction. The research has led to the development of several algorithms which can be used for long range extrapolation of time-varyingchannels. Based on spatial channel modeling approaches, simple and efficient methods for the extrapolation of narrowband MIMO channels are proposed. Various extensions were also developed. These include methods for wideband channels, transmission using polarized antenna arrays, and mobile-to-mobile systems. Performance bounds on the estimation and prediction error are vital when evaluating channel estimation and prediction schemes. For this purpose, analytical expressions for bound on the estimation and prediction of polarized and non-polarized MIMO channels are derived. Using the vector formulation of the Cramer Rao bound for function of parameters, readily interpretable closed-form expressions for the prediction error bounds were found for cases with Uniform Linear Array (ULA) and Uniform Planar Array (UPA). The derived performance bounds are very simple and so provide insight into system design. The performance of the proposed algorithms was evaluated using standardized channel models. The effects of the temporal variation of multipath parameters on prediction is studied and methods for jointly tracking the channel parameters are developed. The algorithms presented can be utilized to enhance the performance of limited feedback and adaptive MIMO transmission schemes

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testin

Aeronautical Engineering: A special bibliography with indexes, Supplement 35, September 1973

This special bibliography lists 614 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in August 1973

Space Communications: Theory and Applications. Volume 3: Information Processing and Advanced Techniques. A Bibliography, 1958 - 1963

Annotated bibliography on information processing and advanced communication techniques - theory and applications of space communication

Cosmology intertwined: a review of the particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology associated with the cosmological tensions and anomalies

The standard ¿ Cold Dark Matter (¿CDM) cosmological model provides a good description of a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological data. However, there are a few big open questions that make the standard model look like an approximation to a more realistic scenario yet to be found. In this paper, we list a few important goals that need to be addressed in the next decade, taking into account the current discordances between the different cosmological probes, such as the disagreement in the value of the Hubble constant , the – tension, and other less statistically significant anomalies. While these discordances can still be in part the result of systematic errors, their persistence after several years of accurate analysis strongly hints at cracks in the standard cosmological scenario and the necessity for new physics or generalisations beyond the standard model. In this paper, we focus on the tension between the Planck CMB estimate of the Hubble constant and the SH0ES collaboration measurements. After showing the evaluations made from different teams using different methods and geometric calibrations, we list a few interesting new physics models that could alleviate this tension and discuss how the next decade's experiments will be crucial. Moreover, we focus on the tension of the Planck CMB data with weak lensing measurements and redshift surveys, about the value of the matter energy density , and the amplitude or rate of the growth of structure (). We list a few interesting models proposed for alleviating this tension, and we discuss the importance of trying to fit a full array of data with a single model and not just one parameter at a time. Additionally, we present a wide range of other less discussed anomalies at a statistical significance level lower than the – tensions which may also constitute hints towards new physics, and we discuss possible generic theoretical approaches that can collectively explain the non-standard nature of these signals. Finally, we give an overview of upgraded experiments and next-generation space missions and facilities on Earth that will be of crucial importance to address all these open questionsPeer ReviewedArticle signat per 202 autors/esPostprint (published version