String theory: an update

An overview of some of the developments in string theory over the past two years is given, focusing on four topics: realistic (standard model like) models from string theory, geometric engineering and theories with fluxes, the gauge theory-gravity correspondence, and time dependent backgrounds and string theory. Plenary talk at ICHEP'02, Amsterdam, July 24-31, 2002.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, uses espcrc2.sty, v2: several references added, apologies for the delay in submitting this updated versio

Introduction and Acceptance of a Classical Charge Fiber Model (CFM) of Elementary Particles Evaluated by Means of an Online Tutorial-Based Survey

The introduction of a new classical model of elementary particles by Lucas and Bergman is studied using an online survey instrument. The model is based on finite-size, elastic, charged particles that take the form of charge fibers. The Charge Fiber Model of Elementary Particles (CFM) constitutes a fundamental departure from the current paradigm of Quantum Mechanics (QM) and the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles. The survey familiarizes respondents with the basic principles and claims of the new model by means of an online tutorial, and queries respondents to gage their knowledge and opinion of the model (http://www.commonsensescience.org/survey). The analysis of the survey describes how experts in the field, or at least those who took the time to respond, regard the original and sweeping claims of the CFM. The response rate varied from a very low of 1.1% to a high of 29% among diverse scientific communities. This paper does not endorse the model, but considers the broader issue of how a theory representing a major departure from the status quo may be disseminated, perceived and accepted (or rejected) during its early stages. These issues are relevant to the ongoing development of a comprehensive young-earth creation model whose proponents, even with solid scientific and academic credentials, face a continuous struggle against the accepted scientific positions on origins, evolution and the age of the earth. Recognizing that scientific paradigms change over time provides incentive to evaluate models on the basis of their usefulness and to articulate our opinions of them in a manner that is both effective and nonoffensive

GRAND UNIFIED FIELD THEORY-A PREDATOR PREY APPROACH: CORROBORATION- DISSIPATION MODELS:PART ONE

A system of EMF (ELECTROMAGNETIC FOR FIELD) decelerating the dissipation coefficient of GF (GRAVITATIONAL FIELD) and parallel system of GF that contribute to the dissipation of the velocity of production of EMF in an accelerated sense is investigated. It is shown that the time independence of the contributions portrays another system by itself and constitutes the equilibrium solution of the original time independent system. With the methodology reinforced with the explanations, we write, parri passu the governing equations with the nomenclature for the systems in the foregoing, including those of SNF AND WNF system. Further papers extensively draw inferences upon such concatenation process, ipso facto fait accompli. A final Grand Unified Theory is proposed and the   equations are given in the annexure, Which can be solved by the same methodology of the present paper mutatis mutandis. Gravitation is considered the weakest, but at Planck’s length it becomes extremely powerful, so powerful as to punch the holes, We discuss all the aspects of Cosmology and Quantum Mechanics and arrive at a reconciliatory solution after a lengthy discussion which seemed inevitable and necessary to put the theory on terra firma.. The forces of gravity and electromagnetism are familiar in everyday life. Two new forces are introduced when discussing nuclear phenomena: the strong and weak interactions. When two protons encounter each other, they experience all four of the fundamental forces of nature simultaneously. The weak force governs beta decay and neutrino interactions with nuclei. The strong force, which we generally call the nuclear force, is actually the force that binds quarks together to form baryons (3 quarks) and mesons (a quark and an anti-quark). The nucleons of everyday matter, neutrons and protons, consist of the quark combinations uud and udd, respectively. The symbol u represents a single up quark, while the symbol d represents a single down quark. The force that holds nucleons together to form an atomic nucleus can be thought to be a residual interaction between quarks inside each individual nucleon. This is analogous to what happens in a molecule. The electrons in an atom are bound to its nucleus by electromagnetism: when two atoms are relatively near, there is a residual interaction between the electron clouds that can form a covalent bond. The nucleus can thus be thought of as a "strong force molecule.

The Heisenberg Relation - Mathematical Formulations

We study some of the possibilities for formulating the Heisenberg relation of quantum mechanics in mathematical terms. In particular, we examine the framework discussed by Murray and von Neumann, the family (algebra) of operators affiliated with a finite factor (of infinite linear dimension)