311 research outputs found
Energy efficient hybrid satellite terrestrial 5G networks with software defined features
In order to improve the manageability and adaptability
of future 5G wireless networks, the software orchestration mechanism,
named software defined networking (SDN) with Control
and User plane (C/U-plane) decoupling, has become one of the
most promising key techniques. Based on these features, the hybrid
satellite terrestrial network is expected to support flexible
and customized resource scheduling for both massive machinetype-
communication (MTC) and high-quality multimedia requests
while achieving broader global coverage, larger capacity and lower
power consumption. In this paper, an end-to-end hybrid satellite
terrestrial network is proposed and the performance metrics,
e. g., coverage probability, spectral and energy efficiency (SE and
EE), are analysed in both sparse networks and ultra-dense networks.
The fundamental relationship between SE and EE is investigated,
considering the overhead costs, fronthaul of the gateway
(GW), density of small cells (SCs) and multiple quality-ofservice
(QoS) requirements. Numerical results show that compared
with current LTE networks, the hybrid system with C/U split
can achieve approximately 40% and 80% EE improvement in
sparse and ultra-dense networks respectively, and greatly enhance
the coverage. Various resource management schemes, bandwidth
allocation methods, and on-off approaches are compared, and the
applications of the satellite in future 5G networks with software
defined features are proposed
Green Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Networks: Fundamental Trade-Off Analysis
With the worldwide evolution of 4G generation and revolution in the information and communications technology(ICT) field to meet the exponential increase of mobile data traffic in the 2020 era, the hybrid satellite and terrestrial network based on the soft defined features is proposed from a perspective of 5G. In this paper, an end-to-end architecture of hybrid satellite and terrestrial network under the control and user Plane (C/U) split concept is studied and the performances are analysed based on stochastic geometry. The relationship between spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) is investigated, taking consideration of overhead costs, transmission and circuit power, backhaul of gateway (GW), and density of small cells. Numerical results show that, by optimizing the key parameters, the hybrid satellite and terrestrial network can achieve nearly 90% EE gain with only 3% SE loss in relative dense networks, and achieve both higher EE and SE gain (20% and 5% respectively) in sparse networks toward the future 5G green communication networks
Quantifying Potential Energy Efficiency Gain in Green Cellular Wireless Networks
Conventional cellular wireless networks were designed with the purpose of
providing high throughput for the user and high capacity for the service
provider, without any provisions of energy efficiency. As a result, these
networks have an enormous Carbon footprint. In this paper, we describe the
sources of the inefficiencies in such networks. First we present results of the
studies on how much Carbon footprint such networks generate. We also discuss
how much more mobile traffic is expected to increase so that this Carbon
footprint will even increase tremendously more. We then discuss specific
sources of inefficiency and potential sources of improvement at the physical
layer as well as at higher layers of the communication protocol hierarchy. In
particular, considering that most of the energy inefficiency in cellular
wireless networks is at the base stations, we discuss multi-tier networks and
point to the potential of exploiting mobility patterns in order to use base
station energy judiciously. We then investigate potential methods to reduce
this inefficiency and quantify their individual contributions. By a
consideration of the combination of all potential gains, we conclude that an
improvement in energy consumption in cellular wireless networks by two orders
of magnitude, or even more, is possible.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.843
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