19,026 research outputs found
Evaluation of Cognitive Architectures for Cyber-Physical Production Systems
Cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) integrate physical and computational
resources due to increasingly available sensors and processing power. This
enables the usage of data, to create additional benefit, such as condition
monitoring or optimization. These capabilities can lead to cognition, such that
the system is able to adapt independently to changing circumstances by learning
from additional sensors information. Developing a reference architecture for
the design of CPPS and standardization of machines and software interfaces is
crucial to enable compatibility of data usage between different machine models
and vendors. This paper analysis existing reference architecture regarding
their cognitive abilities, based on requirements that are derived from three
different use cases. The results from the evaluation of the reference
architectures, which include two instances that stem from the field of
cognitive science, reveal a gap in the applicability of the architectures
regarding the generalizability and the level of abstraction. While reference
architectures from the field of automation are suitable to address use case
specific requirements, and do not address the general requirements, especially
w.r.t. adaptability, the examples from the field of cognitive science are well
usable to reach a high level of adaption and cognition. It is desirable to
merge advantages of both classes of architectures to address challenges in the
field of CPPS in Industrie 4.0
Discrete event simulation and virtual reality use in industry: new opportunities and future trends
This paper reviews the area of combined discrete
event simulation (DES) and virtual reality (VR) use within industry.
While establishing a state of the art for progress in this
area, this paper makes the case for VR DES as the vehicle of choice
for complex data analysis through interactive simulation models,
highlighting both its advantages and current limitations. This paper
reviews active research topics such as VR and DES real-time
integration, communication protocols, system design considerations,
model validation, and applications of VR and DES. While
summarizing future research directions for this technology combination,
the case is made for smart factory adoption of VR DES as
a new platform for scenario testing and decision making. It is put
that in order for VR DES to fully meet the visualization requirements
of both Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet visions of digital
manufacturing, further research is required in the areas of lower
latency image processing, DES delivery as a service, gesture recognition
for VR DES interaction, and linkage of DES to real-time data streams and Big Data sets
A characteristics framework for Semantic Information Systems Standards
Semantic Information Systems (IS) Standards play a critical role in the development of the networked economy. While their importance is undoubted by all stakeholdersâsuch as businesses, policy makers, researchers, developersâthe current state of research leaves a number of questions unaddressed. Terminological confusion exists around the notions of âbusiness semanticsâ, âbusiness-to-business interoperabilityâ, and âinteroperability standardsâ amongst others. And, moreover, a comprehensive understanding about the characteristics of Semantic IS Standards is missing. The paper addresses this gap in literature by developing a characteristics framework for Semantic IS Standards. Two case studies are used to check the applicability of the framework in a âreal-lifeâ context. The framework lays the foundation for future research in an important field of the IS discipline and supports practitioners in their efforts to analyze, compare, and evaluate Semantic IS Standard
Towards a design-by-contract based approach for realizable connector-centric software architectures
Despite being a widely-used language for specifying software systems, UML remains less than ideal for software architectures. Architecture description languages (ADLs) were developed to provide more comprehensive support. However, so far the application of ADLs in practice has been impeded by at least one of the following problems: (i) advanced formal notations, (ii) lack of support for complex connectors, and (iii) potentially unrealizable designs. In this paper we propose a new ADL that is based on Design-by-Contract (DbC) for specifying software architectures. While DbC promotes a formal and precise way of specifying system behaviours, it is more familiar to practising developers, thus allowing for a more comfortable way of specifying architectures than using process algebras. Furthermore, by granting connectors a first-class status, our ADL allows designers to specify not only simple interaction mechanisms as connectors but also complex interaction protocols. Finally, in order to ensure that architectural designs are always realizable we eliminate potentially unrealizable constructs in connector specifications (the connector âglueâ)
A synthesis of logic and bio-inspired techniques in the design of dependable systems
Much of the development of model-based design and dependability analysis in the design of dependable systems, including software intensive systems, can be attributed to the application of advances in formal logic and its application to fault forecasting and verification of systems. In parallel, work on bio-inspired technologies has shown potential for the evolutionary design of engineering systems via automated exploration of potentially large design spaces. We have not yet seen the emergence of a design paradigm that effectively combines these two techniques, schematically founded on the two pillars of formal logic and biology, from the early stages of, and throughout, the design lifecycle. Such a design paradigm would apply these techniques synergistically and systematically to enable optimal refinement of new designs which can be driven effectively by dependability requirements. The paper sketches such a model-centric paradigm for the design of dependable systems, presented in the scope of the HiP-HOPS tool and technique, that brings these technologies together to realise their combined potential benefits. The paper begins by identifying current challenges in model-based safety assessment and then overviews the use of meta-heuristics at various stages of the design lifecycle covering topics that span from allocation of dependability requirements, through dependability analysis, to multi-objective optimisation of system architectures and maintenance schedules
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