13 research outputs found
Two-dimensional solitons in nonlocal media: a brief review
This is a review addressing soliton-like states in systems with nonlocal
nonlinearity. The work on this topic has long history. Some findings, such as
optical solitons supported by thermal nonlinearity, and by the orientational
nonlinearity in liquid crystals, have been reviewed in the literature,
therefore they are outlined in the present review in a brief form. Some other
studies, such as those addressing models with fractional diffraction, which is
represented by a linear nonlocal operator, have started recently, therefore it
will be relevant to review them in detail when more results are accumulated;
the present article provides a short outline of the latter topic. The main part
of the article is a summary of results obtained for two-dimensional (2D)
solitons in specific models originating in studies of Bose-Einstein condensates
(BECs), which are sufficiently mature but have not yet been reviewed. These
are, in particular, anisotropic quasi-2D solitons supported by long-range
dipole-dipole interactions in a condensate of magnetic atoms, and giant vortex
solitons, which are stable for high values of the winding number, as well as 2D
vortex solitons of the latter type moving with self-acceleration. The vortex
solitons are states of a hybrid type, which include matter-wave and
electromagnetic-wave components. They are supported, in a binary BEC composed
of two different atomic states, by the resonant interaction of the
two-component matter waves with a microwave field which couples the two atomic
states. Some other topics are included in the review in a brief form.Comment: a brief review article to be published in Symmetry (a special issue
"Advances in nonlinear dynamics and symmetries"
Topological Photonics
Topological photonics is a rapidly emerging field of research in which
geometrical and topological ideas are exploited to design and control the
behavior of light. Drawing inspiration from the discovery of the quantum Hall
effects and topological insulators in condensed matter, recent advances have
shown how to engineer analogous effects also for photons, leading to remarkable
phenomena such as the robust unidirectional propagation of light, which hold
great promise for applications. Thanks to the flexibility and diversity of
photonics systems, this field is also opening up new opportunities to realize
exotic topological models and to probe and exploit topological effects in new
ways. This article reviews experimental and theoretical developments in
topological photonics across a wide range of experimental platforms, including
photonic crystals, waveguides, metamaterials, cavities, optomechanics, silicon
photonics, and circuit QED. A discussion of how changing the dimensionality and
symmetries of photonics systems has allowed for the realization of different
topological phases is offered, and progress in understanding the interplay of
topology with non-Hermitian effects, such as dissipation, is reviewed. As an
exciting perspective, topological photonics can be combined with optical
nonlinearities, leading toward new collective phenomena and novel strongly
correlated states of light, such as an analog of the fractional quantum Hall
effect.Comment: 87 pages, 30 figures, published versio
Advances in Fundamental Physics
This Special Issue celebrates the opening of a new section of the journal Foundation: Physical Sciences. Theoretical and experimental studies related to various areas of fundamental physics are presented in this Special Issue. The published papers are related to the following topics: dark matter, electron impact excitation, second flavor of hydrogen atoms, quantum antenna, molecular hydrogen, molecular hydrogen ion, wave pulses, Brans-Dicke theory, hydrogen Rydberg atom, high-frequency laser field, relativistic mean field formalism, nonlocal continuum field theories, parallel universe, charge exchange, van der Waals broadening, greenhouse effect, strange and unipolar electromagnetic pulses, quasicrystals, Wilhelm-Weber’s electromagnetic force law, axions, photoluminescence, neutron stars, gravitational waves, diatomic molecular spectroscopy, information geometric measures of complexity. Among 21 papers published in this Special Issue, there are 5 reviews and 16 original research papers