1,386 research outputs found
Cooperative Spatial Retreat for Resilient Drone Networks
Drones are broadening their scope to various applications such as networking, package delivery, agriculture, rescue, and many more. For proper operation of drones, reliable communication should be guaranteed because drones are remotely controlled. When drones experience communication failure due to bad channel condition, interference, or jamming in a certain area, one existing solution is to exploit mobility or so-called spatial retreat to evacuate them from the communication failure area. However, the conventional spatial retreat scheme moves drones in random directions, which results in inefficient movement with significant evacuation time and waste of battery lifetime. In this paper, we propose a novel spatial retreat technique that takes advantage of cooperation between drones for resilient networking, which is called cooperative spatial retreat (CSR). Our performance evaluation shows that the proposed CSR significantly outperforms existing schemes. © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.1
Control of robot swarms through natural language dialogue: A case study on monitoring fires
There are numerous environmental and non-environmental disasters happening
throughout the world, representing a big danger to common people, community
helpers, to the fauna and flora. Developing a program capable of controlling
swarms of robots, using natural language processing (NLP) and further on, a
speech to text system, will enable a more mobile solution, with no need for keyboard
and mouse or a mobile device for operating with the robots. Using a welldeveloped
NLP system will allow the program to understand natural languagebased
interactions, making this system able to be used in different contexts. In
firefighting, the use of robots, more specifically drones, enables new ways to obtain
reliable information that before was based on guesses or knowledge from someone
who had long-time experience on field. Using a swarm of robots to monitor fire
enables innumerous advantages, from the creation of a dynamic fire map, climate
information inside the fire, to finding lost firefighters on field through the generated
map. This work uses firefighting as a case-study, but other situations can be
considered, like searching someone in the sea or searching for toxins in an open
environmental area.Existem muitos desastres ambientais e nĂŁo ambientais em todo o mundo, representando
um grande perigo para pessoas comuns, ajudantes da comunidade e para a
fauna e flora. O desenvolvimento de um programa capaz de controlar enxames de
robĂŽs, usando Processamento Computacional da LĂngua (PCL) e, posteriormente,
um sistema de fala-para-texto, permitirå uma solução mais móvel, sem necessidade
de teclado e rato ou dispositivos mĂłveis para operar com os robĂŽs. O uso de um
sistema bem desenvolvido de PCL permitirå que o programa entenda interaçÔes
baseadas em linguagem natural, tornando-o capaz de ser usado em diferentes contextos.
O uso de robĂŽs (mais especificamente drones) no combate a incĂȘndios,
permite novas maneiras de obter informaçÔes confiåveis que antes eram baseadas
em suposiçÔes ou conhecimentos de pessoas com longa experiĂȘncia em campo. O
uso de um enxame de robĂŽs para monitorizar o incĂȘndio permite inĂșmeras vantagens,
desde a criação de um mapa dinĂąmico do incĂȘndio, informaçÔes climĂĄticas
dentro do mesmo, até encontrar bombeiros perdidos no campo, através do mapa
gerado pelos robĂŽs. Este trabalho usa o combate a incĂȘndios como um estudo de
caso, mas outras situaçÔes podem ser consideradas, como procurar alguém no mar
ou procurar toxinas numa ĂĄrea ambiental aberta
VGC 2023 - Unveiling the dynamic Earth with digital methods: 5th Virtual Geoscience Conference: Book of Abstracts
Conference proceedings of the 5th Virtual Geoscience Conference, 21-22 September 2023, held in Dresden. The VGC is a multidisciplinary forum for researchers in geoscience, geomatics and related disciplines to share their latest developments and applications.:Short Courses 9
Workshops Stream 1 10
Workshop Stream 2 11
Workshop Stream 3 12
Session 1 â Point Cloud Processing: Workflows, Geometry & Semantics 14
Session 2 â Visualisation, communication & Teaching 27
Session 3 â Applying Machine Learning in Geosciences 36
Session 4 â Digital Outcrop Characterisation & Analysis 49
Session 5 â Airborne & Remote Mapping 58
Session 6 â Recent Developments in Geomorphic Process and Hazard Monitoring 69
Session 7 â Applications in Hydrology & Ecology 82
Poster Contributions 9
Delivering sustained, coordinated and integrated observations of the Southern Ocean for global impact
The Southern Ocean is disproportionately important in its effect on the Earth system, impacting climatic, biogeochemical, and ecological systems, which makes recent observed changes to this system cause for global concern. The enhanced understanding and improvements in predictive skill needed for understanding and projecting future states of the Southern Ocean require sustained observations. Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS) has established networks for enhancing regional coordination and research community groups to advance development of observing system capabilities. These networks support delivery of the SOOS 20-year vision, which is to develop a circumpolar system that ensures time series of key variables, and delivers the greatest impact from data to all key end-users. Although the Southern Ocean remains one of the least-observed ocean regions, enhanced international coordination and advances in autonomous platforms have resulted in progress toward sustained observations of this region. Since 2009, the Southern Ocean community has deployed over 5700 observational platforms south of 40°S. Large-scale, multi-year or sustained, multidisciplinary efforts have been supported and are now delivering observations of essential variables at space and time scales that enable assessment of changes being observed in Southern Ocean systems. The improved observational coverage, however, is predominantly for the open ocean, encompasses the summer, consists of primarily physical oceanographic variables, and covers surface to 2000 m. Significant gaps remain in observations of the ice-impacted ocean, the sea ice, depths >2000 m, the air-ocean-ice interface, biogeochemical and biological variables, and for seasons other than summer. Addressing these data gaps in a sustained way requires parallel advances in coordination networks, cyberinfrastructure and data management tools, observational platform and sensor technology, two-way platform interrogation and data-transmission technologies, modeling frameworks, intercalibration experiments, and development of internationally agreed sampling standards and requirements of key variables. This paper presents a community statement on the major scientific and observational progress of the last decade, and importantly, an assessment of key priorities for the coming decade, toward achieving the SOOS vision and delivering essential data to all end-users.Fil: Newman, Louise. University of Tasmania; AustraliaFil: Heil, Petra. Australian Antarctic Division; Australia. Antarctic Climate And Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; AustraliaFil: Trebilco, Rowan. Australian Antarctic Division; Australia. Antarctic Climate And Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; AustraliaFil: Katsumata, Katsuro. Japan Agency For Marine earth Science And Technology; JapĂłnFil: Constable, Andrew J.. Antarctic Climate And Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; Australia. Australian Antarctic Division; AustraliaFil: Wijk, Esmee van. Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization; Australia. Antarctic Climate And Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre; AustraliaFil: Assmann, Karen. University Goteborg; SueciaFil: Beja, Joana. British Oceanographic Data Centre; AustraliaFil: Bricher, Phillippa. University of Tasmania; AustraliaFil: Coleman, Richard. University of Tasmania; AustraliaFil: Costa, Daniel. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Diggs, Steve. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Farneti, Riccardo. The Abdus Salam; Italia. The Abdus Salam. International Centre for Theoretical Physics; ItaliaFil: Fawcett, Sarah. University of Cape Town; SudĂĄfricaFil: Gille, Sarah. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Hendry, Katharine R.. University of Bristol; Reino UnidoFil: Henley, Sian F.. University of Edinburgh; Reino UnidoFil: Hofmann, Eileen. Old Dominion University; Estados UnidosFil: Maksym, Ted. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Mazloff, Matthew. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Meijers, Andrew J.. British Antartic Survey; Reino UnidoFil: Meredith, Michael. British Antartic Survey; Reino UnidoFil: Moreau, Sebastien. Norwegian Polar Institute; NoruegaFil: Ozsoy, Burcu. Istanbul Teknik Ăniversitesi; TurquĂaFil: Robertson, Robin. Xiamen University; ChinaFil: Schloss, Irene Ruth. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones CientĂficas; ArgentinaFil: Schofield, Oscar. State University of New Jersey; Estados UnidosFil: Shi, Jiuxin. Ocean University Of China; ChinaFil: Sikes, Elisabeth L.. State University of New Jersey; Estados UnidosFil: Smith, Inga J.. University of Otago; Nueva Zeland
Coastal management and adaptation: an integrated data-driven approach
Coastal regions are some of the most exposed to environmental hazards, yet the coast is the preferred settlement site for a high percentage of the global population, and most major global cities are located on or near the coast. This research adopts a predominantly anthropocentric approach to the analysis of coastal risk and resilience. This centres on the pervasive hazards of coastal flooding and erosion. Coastal management decision-making practices are shown to be reliant on access to current and accurate information. However, constraints have been imposed on information flows between scientists, policy makers and practitioners, due to a lack of awareness and utilisation of available data sources. This research seeks to tackle this issue in evaluating how innovations in the use of data and analytics can be applied to further the application of science within decision-making processes related to coastal risk adaptation. In achieving this aim a range of research methodologies have been employed and the progression of topics covered mark a shift from themes of risk to resilience. The work focuses on a case study region of East Anglia, UK, benefiting from the input of a partner organisation, responsible for the regionâs coasts: Coastal Partnership East.
An initial review revealed how data can be utilised effectively within coastal decision-making practices, highlighting scope for application of advanced Big Data techniques to the analysis of coastal datasets. The process of risk evaluation has been examined in detail, and the range of possibilities afforded by open source coastal datasets were revealed. Subsequently, open source coastal terrain and bathymetric, point cloud datasets were identified for 14 sites within the case study area. These were then utilised within a practical application of a geomorphological change detection (GCD) method. This revealed how analysis of high spatial and temporal resolution point cloud data can accurately reveal and quantify physical coastal impacts. Additionally, the research reveals how data innovations can facilitate adaptation through insurance; more specifically how the use of empirical evidence in pricing of coastal flood insurance can result in both communication and distribution of risk.
The various strands of knowledge generated throughout this study reveal how an extensive range of data types, sources, and advanced forms of analysis, can together allow coastal resilience assessments to be founded on empirical evidence. This research serves to demonstrate how the application of advanced data-driven analytical processes can reduce levels of uncertainty and subjectivity inherent within current coastal environmental management practices. Adoption of methods presented within this research could further the possibilities for sustainable and resilient management of the incredibly valuable environmental resource which is the coast
Strengthening Governance of Small-Scale Fisheries: An Initial Assessment of the Theory and Practice
Preferred citation for this report: Basurto, X., Virdin, J., Smith, H. and R. Juskus. 2017. Strengthening Governance of Small-Scale Fisheries: An Initial Assessment of Theory and Practice. Oak Foundation.Often hidden in national statistics, small-scale fisheries have been poorly measured at a global level, and in thepast often ignored in states' policy-making. Yet estimates suggest their aggregate global contribution tonutrition, food security and poverty eradication is massive. The most recent estimates available suggest thatsmall-scale fisheries account for over 90 percent of the world's commercial fishers, processors and otherpersons employed along the value chain, equivalent to over 108 million people. Roughly half areemployed in the ocean and the other half in inland fisheriesâmaking small-scale fisheries far and awaythe ocean's largest employer (greater than oil and gas, shipping, tourism, etc.). This level of activitytranslates into a large portion of the global fish catch: an estimated 46 percent of the total, and 38 percentof the fish caught in the ocean. SSFs are also estimated to provide over half the animal protein intake inmany of the world's least developed countries, and over half of the fish for domestic consumption indeveloping countries more broadly. In sum, in many regions of the world SSFs provide both incomes tohelp reduce poverty and safety nets to help prevent it
Applications of Photogrammetry for Environmental Research
ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information: special issue entitled "Applications of Photogrammetry for Environmental Research
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