Intelligent Biosignal Processing in Wearable and Implantable Sensors

This reprint provides a collection of papers illustrating the state-of-the-art of smart processing of data coming from wearable, implantable or portable sensors. Each paper presents the design, databases used, methodological background, obtained results, and their interpretation for biomedical applications. Revealing examples are brain–machine interfaces for medical rehabilitation, the evaluation of sympathetic nerve activity, a novel automated diagnostic tool based on ECG data to diagnose COVID-19, machine learning-based hypertension risk assessment by means of photoplethysmography and electrocardiography signals, Parkinsonian gait assessment using machine learning tools, thorough analysis of compressive sensing of ECG signals, development of a nanotechnology application for decoding vagus-nerve activity, detection of liver dysfunction using a wearable electronic nose system, prosthetic hand control using surface electromyography, epileptic seizure detection using a CNN, and premature ventricular contraction detection using deep metric learning. Thus, this reprint presents significant clinical applications as well as valuable new research issues, providing current illustrations of this new field of research by addressing the promises, challenges, and hurdles associated with the synergy of biosignal processing and AI through 16 different pertinent studies. Covering a wide range of research and application areas, this book is an excellent resource for researchers, physicians, academics, and PhD or master students working on (bio)signal and image processing, AI, biomaterials, biomechanics, and biotechnology with applications in medicine

Artificial Intelligence for Multimedia Signal Processing

Artificial intelligence technologies are also actively applied to broadcasting and multimedia processing technologies. A lot of research has been conducted in a wide variety of fields, such as content creation, transmission, and security, and these attempts have been made in the past two to three years to improve image, video, speech, and other data compression efficiency in areas related to MPEG media processing technology. Additionally, technologies such as media creation, processing, editing, and creating scenarios are very important areas of research in multimedia processing and engineering. This book contains a collection of some topics broadly across advanced computational intelligence algorithms and technologies for emerging multimedia signal processing as: Computer vision field, speech/sound/text processing, and content analysis/information mining

The Global Imaging of Physiological and Pathophysiological Angiogenesis in live zebrafish using Optical Projection Tomography

Angiogenesis is found deregulated in many pathologies, including cancer where it is required for tumour progression and metastasis. Although much has been learnt from in vitro studies of angiogenesis, it is increasingly accepted that biological processes can differ significantly between in vitro and in vivo contexts, with whole-body responses determining phenotype. I describe the development of a novel compressive sensing optical projection tomography (CS-OPT) platform using fluorescence microscopy, which enables live, whole organism imaging of adult zebrafish. Through incorporating contemporary compressive sensing algorithms the acquisition time is dramatically reduced, enabling decreased anaesthesia leading to improved zebrafish viability. The platform has been shown to provide accurate 3-dimensional quantifications of tumour volume and vascularisation using an adult zebrafish model of tumour progression. The model has a mCherry labelled vasculature and an inducible, liver specific cancer driven by the expression of oncogenic krasV12 labelled with eGFP. This model recapitulates human hepatocellular carcinoma. The platform is minimally invasive as zebrafish can be repeatedly imaged throughout development, from larvae to adult, without reducing viability. Therefore, CS-OPT should be beneficial for longitudinal mechanistic and drug development studies of tumour pro- gression and angiogenesis. With this in mind novel zebrafish models have been developed through genome editing techniques. The generation of an inducible knockout ptena zebrafish line that lacks functional ptenb was also attempted with the aim of creating a more metastatic cancer model to better reflect human disease. Furthermore, I performed studies to optimise both the anaesthetic regime and inducer treatment, which will be important for future studies. Thus, the developed CS-OPT modality is a powerful imaging platform for longitudinal mechanistic and drug development studies within whole organisms. This has been shown in the context of tumour progression and angiogenesis, but has the potential for further developmental and pathophysiological applications