2,292,710 research outputs found

    Pharmacy Students Learning Styles and Preferences toward Teaching Methods in Learning Pharmaceutical Care Concept

    Get PDF
    The paradigm concerning the role of pharmacist has shifted from supplying drugs to providing pharmaceutical care services.1 Pharmacy faculties have responsibility to develop a curriculum that enables pharmacy students to provide pharmaceutical care services. Pharmaceutical care is provided by identifying, solving and preventing drug-related problems in patients.2 There is a need to use alternative teaching methods to aid the students develop abilities for providing pharmaceutical care. Some research has demonstrated an association between preference toward certain teaching methods and individual s learning style.3 Learning style is the process by which an individual obtains their knowledge or skills.4 Understanding pharmacy students learning style will support educators to facilitate learning process by applying appropriate teaching methods. The purpose of the study was to describe pharmacy students learning style and preferences toward some teaching methods in learning Pharmaceutical Care Concept. The study was a survey using questionnaire that consisted of two parts. Part one was Kolb s Learning Style Inventory to assess students learning styles and second part were statements of four teaching methods to know students preferences. The questionnaire was given to 4th year pharmacy students registered in Clinical Pharmacy II course. In Clinical Pharmacy II course students were taught to identify and solve drug-related problems as a component of pharmaceutical care services. After completed the questionnaire, students were asked to choose their preferences toward four teaching methods. The study surveyed 63 pharmacy students. There were 11 incomplete questionnaires excluded from analysis. The characteristic of students surveyed is described in Table I. The students’ learning styles and preferences are described in Table II. Of the 52 students, the largest group was Assimilators (52%). The remaining students were divided among other three learning styles (23% Divergers, 21% Convergers, and 4% Accommodators). All Accommodator preferred case study as their teaching method. Lecturing was the most preferred teaching method for Divergers and Assimilators, while most Convergers prefered case study as their teaching method. Of all teaching methods, the most preferred was lecturing

    Distinguishing the “Truly National” From the “Truly Local”: Customary Allocation, Commercial Activity, and Collective Action

    Get PDF
    This Essay makes two claims about different methods of defining the expanse and limits of the Commerce Clause. My first claim is that approaches that privilege traditional subjects of state regulation are unworkable and undesirable. These approaches are unworkable in light of the frequency with which the federal government and the states regulate the same subject matter in our world of largely overlapping federal and state legislative jurisdiction. The approaches are undesirable because the question of customary allocation is unrelated to the principal reason why Congress possesses the power to regulate interstate commerce: solving collective action problems involving multiple states. These problems are evident in the way that some federal judges invoked regulatory custom in litigation over the constitutionality of the minimum coverage provision in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The areas of health insurance and health care are not of exclusive state concern, and it is impossible to lose—or to win—a competition requiring skillful lawyers or judges to describe them as more state than federal, or more federal than state. Nor is it most important what the answer is. More promising are the approaches that view congressional authority as turning on either commercial activity or collective action problems facing the states. My second claim is that these two approaches have advantages and disadvantages, and that the choice between them exemplifies the more general tension between applying rules and applying their background justifications. I have previously defended a collective action approach to Article I, Section 8. My primary purpose in this Essay is to clarify the jurisprudential stakes in adopting one method or the other and to identify the problems that advocates of each approach must address

    Dziecko z glejakiem wielopostaciowym — opis przypadku

    Get PDF
    Introduction. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common central nervous system (CNS) malignancy. It is characterized by an aggressive course with the presence of rapidly growing cells, infiltrating the adjacent brain tissues.Case Report. The case report concerns a 16-year-old child with glioblastoma multiforme. The paper presents selected care problems observed in the child.Discussion. In caring for a child diagnosed with high-grade glioma, the most important care problems are severe, recurrent headaches, nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, chronic stress and anxiety, as well as a significant decrease in mood, resulting in e.g. social isolation. A nurse caring for a child with glioblastoma should not only focus on activities directly related to medical care, but also provide psychological support, which certainly improves the quality of life of the child and his family.Conclusions. A patient with high-grade glioma has many different types of care problems. Some are problems related to the physical sphere, others concern the psychological and social sphere. (JNNN 2020;9(4):152–159)Wstęp. Glejak wielopostaciowy jest najczęściej występującym nowotworem ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, który cechuje się agresywnym przebiegiem z obecnością szybko rosnących komórek, naciekających na sąsiednie tkanki mózgu.Opis przypadku. Opis przypadku odnosi się do szesnastoletniego chłopca z potwierdzonym histopatologicznie glejakiem wielopostaciowym. Praca przedstawia wybrane problemy pielęgnacyjne zaobserwowane u dziecka.Dyskusja. W opiece nad dzieckiem z rozpoznanym glejakiem o wysokim stopniu złośliwości najważniejsze problemy pielęgnacyjne to silne, nawracające bóle głowy, nudności i wymioty wynikające z chemioterapii, przewlekły stres i niepokój, a także znaczne obniżenie nastroju skutkujące m.in. izolacją społeczną. Pielegniarka opiekująca się dzieckiem z glejakiem wielopostaciowym powinna nie tylko skupiać się na czynnościach bezpośrednio związanych z opieką medyczną, ale udzielać także wsparcia psychologicznego, które z pewnością podnosi jakość życia dziecka oraz jego rodziny.Wnioski. U pacjenta z glejakiem o wysokim stopniu złośliwości występują liczne problemy pielęgnacyjne o różnorodnym charakterze. Część to problemy dotyczące sfery fizycznej, inne dotyczą sfer psychicznej i społecznej. (PNN 2020;9(4):152–159

    Some thoughts about the words we use for thinking about sex chromosome evolution

    Get PDF
    Sex chromosomes are familiar to most biologists since they first learned about genetics. However, research over the past 100 years has revealed that different organisms have evolved sex-determining systems independently. The differences in the ages of systems, and in how they evolved, both affect whether sex chromosomes have evolved. However, the diversity means that the terminology used tends to emphasize either the similarities or the differences, sometimes causing misunderstandings. In this article, I discuss some concepts where special care is needed with terminology. The following four terms regularly create problems: ‘sex chromosome’, ‘master sex-determining gene’, ‘evolutionary strata’ and ‘genetic degeneration’. There is no generally correct or wrong use of these words, but efforts are necessary to make clear how they are to be understood in specific situations. I briefly outline some widely accepted ideas about sex chromosomes, and then discuss these ‘problem terms’, highlighting some examples where careful use of the words helps bring to light current uncertainties and interesting questions for future work. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Sex determination and sex chromosome evolution in land plants’

    Disparities in psychosocial cancer care: a report from the International Federation of Psycho-oncology Societies.

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to understand the characteristics of the International Federation of Psycho-oncology Societies (FPOS) and possible disparities in providing psychosocial care in countries where psycho-oncology societies exist. METHOD: A survey was conducted among 29 leaders of 28 countries represented within the FPOS by using a questionnaire covering (i) characteristics of the society; (ii) characteristics of the national health care system; (iii) level of implementation of psycho-oncology; and (iv) main problems of psycho-oncology in the country. RESULTS: Twenty-six (90%) FPOS returned the questionnaires. One-third reported to have links with and support from their government, while almost all had links with other scientific societies. The FPOS varied in their composition of members' professions. Psychosocial care provision was covered by state-funded health services in a minority of countries. Disparities between countries arose from different causes and were problematic in some parts of the world (eg, Africa and SE Asia). Elsewhere (eg, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe), austerity policies were reportedly responsible for resource shortages with negative consequences on psychosocial cancer care. Half of FPOS rated themselves to be integrated into mainstream provision of care, although lack of funding was the most common complain. CONCLUSIONS: The development and implementation of psycho-oncology is fragmented and undeveloped, particularly in some parts of the world. More effort is needed at national level by strong coalitions with oncology societies, better national research initiatives, cancer plans, and patient advocacy, as well as by stronger partnership with international organizations (eg, World Health Organization and Union for International Cancer Control)

    On the Expansion of “Health” and “Welfare” under Medicaid

    Get PDF
    Medicaid was intended from its inception to provide financial access to health care for certain categories of impoverished Americans. While rooted in historical welfare programs, it was meant to afford the deserving poor access to the same sort of health care that other, wealthier Americans received. Yet despite this seemingly innocuous and laudable purpose, it has become a front in the political and social battles waged over the last several decades on the issues of welfare and the safety net. The latest battleground pits competing visions of Medicaid. One vision seeks to transform Medicaid from a health care program into something sharing key trappings of cash welfare programs. Despite the delinkage of Medicaid in most respects from cash welfare with the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, some states sought to tie access to Medicaid benefits to adherence to particular healthy behaviors, completion ofpreventive care measures, and assumption of increased financial responsibility. This trend has increased in the post-Affordable Care Act environment. A competing vision in states seeks to include within Medicaid\u27s auspices various means of ameliorating not merely medical problems, but also socioeconomic determinants ofhealth. States taking this route are heeding data supporting the premise that, in order to better and more cheaply address the health care needs of everyone, we need to address not only financial access to health care but also environmental, economic, and social factors that can lead to bad health. I will examine these competing visions of Medicaid, and consider the extent to which the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services can arguably grant lawful waivers to these states for these expansions or constrictions. I will further consider the implications of these visions, and their success or failure, on Medicaid\u27s longer-term prospects, as well as on the greater health care system

    Asuhan keperawatan pada Tn. W dengan gangguan sistem hematologi : Anemia defisiensi Fe di ruang gladiol atas RSUD Sukoharjo

    Get PDF
    Background : Fe deficiency anemia is the most anemic in both developed and developing countries. Fe is and elementof the highest in the earth’s crust, but Fe deficiency is the most common cause of anemia. This is caused by the human body has a limited ability to absorb Fe and body often experience a loss of Fe caused by excessive bleeding. Goal : To know the description of nursing care in patients with Fe deficiency anemia that include assessment, intervention, implementation and evaluation of nursing. Methods : The method used is to make the process of nursing care I patients with Fe deficiency anemia include assessment, intervention, implementation and evaluation of nursing. Results : The results of nursing assessment is emerging issues such as the easy hair loss, conjungtival pallor, his lips pale, acral felt cold, poor skin turgor, returning more than 3 second, capillary refill back more than 3 second, the value of erythrocytes 2,05 10^6/ul (4,40 – 5,90), hemoglobin 5,2 g/dl (13,2 – 17,3), hematocrit 16,8 % (40 - 52), weight : 50 kg, height 169 cm, IMT : 17,5 (weight less), nutritional status lak of demands, patient food look just exchausted half portion and patients are seen lying in bed. The results of the intervension is the diagnosis of pheriperal tissue perfusion inecffectiveness associated with a decrease in Hb concentration and oxigen suplay given for 6 hours, diagnosis of nutritional imbalance less than body requitments related to the intake of less, anorexia given for 3 hours, and diagnosis of physical mobility impairments related to physical weakness given for 6 hours, partially solved the problems experienced. The result of implementation obstacles is an imbalance in nutrition less than body requitments related to the intake less, anorexia. The results of evaluation is done on the last day of evaluation and intervention to continue until the issue is resolved completely. Conclusion : Cooperation between the health care team and patient or family is indispensable for the success of nursing care in patients so patient nursing problems regarding Peripheral tissue perfusion, nutrition less than body requitments and physical mobility impairments can be performed well and some of the problems can be solved in part
    corecore