Importance of vegetation in tsunami mitigation: evidence from large eddy simulations with fluid-structure interactions

Communities worldwide are increasingly interested in nature-based solutions like coastal forests for the mitigation of coastal risks. Still, it remains unclear how much protective benefit vegetation provides, particularly in the limit of highly energetic flows after tsunami impact. The present thesis, using a three-dimensional incompressible computational fluid dynamics model with a fluid-structure interaction approach, aims to quantify how energy reflection and dissipation vary with different degrees of rigidity and vegetation density of a coastal forest. In this study, tree trunks are represented as cylinders, and the elastic modulus of hardwood trees such as pine or oak is used to characterize the rigidity of these cylinders. To capture tsunami bore propagation in onshore, dam break flow is used over the wet surface in the numerical studies. After validating numerical code against experimental studies, multi-cylinder configurations are incorporated and Froude Number is used to scale the flow parameters and vegetation flow parameter (VFP) to scale the tree parameters such as elastic modulus, the diameter of the trunk, etc. Numerical tests are conducted for different cylinder diameters, densities, and elastic moduli. The numerical results show that energy reflection increases with rigidity only for a single cylinder. In the presence of multiple cylinders, the difference in energy reflection created by varying rigidity diminishes as the number of cylinders increases. Instead of rigidity, the blockage area created by the presence of multiple tree trunks is found to dominate energy reflection. As tree trunks are deformed by the hydrodynamic forces, they alter the flow field around them, causing turbulent kinetic energy generation in the wake region. As a consequence, trees dissipate flow energy, highlighting the importance of coastal forests in reducing the onshore energy flux of tsunamis by means of both reflection and dissipation

ReSCon '12, Research Student Conference: Book of Abstracts

The fifth SED Research Student Conference (ReSCon2012) was hosted over three days, 18-20 June 2012, in the Hamilton Centre at Brunel University. The conference consisted of 130 oral and 70 poster presentations, based on the high quality and diverse research being conducted within the School of Engineering and Design by postgraduate research students. The conference is held annually, and ReSCon plays a key role in contributing to research and innovations within the School

1994-1995 Undergraduate Catalog

1994-1995 undergraduate catalog of Morehead State University

Discretization reaction-diffusion models with finite difference method

Discretization model is a continuous model transformation procedure to model discrete. Discretization is done using advanced finite difference method, by analogy differential equations using limit rules, with different equations using the different between discrete time points. The model used in this paper is a model of reaction-diffusion (Turing) that represents the diffusion of fluid in the cells that cause the cells to move. Finite difference method is a numerical method that can be used to solve partial differential equations. Methods used explicit finite difference scheme developed for the time difference and central difference for the space to complete the reactiondiffusion equation (Turing). Based on the numerical solution obtained then the amount of domain growth does not affect the stability of reaction-diffusion models (Turing)