이해관계자 접근을 통한 베트남 중소도시의 스마트시티 개발에 관한 연구

학위논문 (박사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 환경대학원 협동과정 조경학, 2021. 2. 송영근.베트남은 지난 30년 이상의 혁신을 통해 경제적 및 사회적 측면에서 많은 변화와 성과가 있었다. 그러나 이러한 발전에 따라 급속한 도시화가 나타났으며, 많은 지역에서 계획의 과정과 내용에 있어 큰 혼란을 야기하고 있다. 이와 같은 문제는 도시환경 개선을 위하여 계획하는 거버넌스 및 인프라에 압력을 더하고 있다. 다시 말하면, 도시의 발전은 성장 속도 뿐만 아니라 모든 측면에서의 조화가 요구되며, 도시의 발전은 스마트 솔루션에 의해 이루어져야 한다. 스마트 시티로의 전환은 전세계적인 트렌드일 뿐만 아니라, 베트남의 많은 도시에서도 확산되고 있다. 스마트 시티에 있어 필수적인 논의, 특히 전통적인 도시 관리 정책의 관점에서 스마트 기술에 대한 논의가 많이 있었다. 하지만, 기술 측면에서 초점을 맞춘 개발 방식은 스마트 시티를 둘러싼 다양한 요소의 수준을 고려하지 않았다는 비판을 받았다. 스마트 시티는 기술적인 요소뿐만 아니라 복잡한 주변 환경을 고려하여야하기 때문에, 정부가 스마트 정책을 적용함에 있어 다양한 요소를 고려하지 않으면 시민들에게 양질의 서비스를 효과적으로 제공할 수 없을 것이다. 물리적 시스템과 사람 간 상호 작용을 이끌어내는 공공서비스의 최종사용자로서 이해관계자(Stakeholder) 는 정책결정 과정에 있어 아이디어를 제공하고 성공적인 도시 솔루션을 함께 구축하여야 한다. 스마트 시티 개발 과정에서 이해관계자의 역할 정립은 전세계 모든 도시에서 주요 과제로 확인되었다. 모든 과정에서 이해관계자의 참여는 정책결정자가 효과적인 데이터 수집 및 분석과 스마트 시티 개발 과정에서 올바른 의사 결정을 내리는데 도움을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 스마트 시티 개발에 있어 과학적 연구로서 이해관계자 접근을 통해 베트남 중소 도시의 스마트 시티 개발 준비에 있어 통합적인 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 논문은 우선 스마트 시티 개발 전략과 관련된 선행 연구에 대한 검토와 요인을 추출하였다. 이 과정에서 AHP분석을 통해 요인의 순위를 평가하였다. 분석 결과, 내부 요인 가운데, 시민참여 (0.4141), 행정 , 인프라 (0.2234) 순으로 나타났으며, 외부 요인으로는 정치적 의지 (0.5093), 이해관계자 (0.3373), 기술의 시대 (0.1535) 순으로 나타났다. 또한, 달랏(Da Lat), 냐짱(Nha Trang)과 박닌(Bac Ninh) 등 베트남 3개의 중소도시에서의 설문조사를 실시하여 선형 구조방정식모형(Structural Equation Modeling)을 통해 스마트 시티 개발 준비에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 하였다 (adjusted R2=0.589) . 그 결과, 스마트 시티 개발 준비에 영향을 미치는 3개의 주요 요인으로 기술적, 조직적, 환경적 측면으로 나타났으며, 특히 조직 측면에서의 준비는 스마트 시티 개발 준비에 가장 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다 (β coefficient = 0.415; t-value = 8.960; p = 0.000). 마지막으로 초기 단계부터 성공적인 스마트 시티 개발을 위하여 효과적인 전략 지침과 관리 및 운영 원칙에 대한 프레임워크를 제시하였다.After more than 30 years of renovation in economic and social aspects, Vietnam has brought many outstanding achievements. However, rapid urbanization is the defect of this development, accompanied by burly disturbance in planning that municipalities across the country be facing many problems. All of these challenges have put pressure on governance and infrastructure planning to shift the quality of life in cities. Can notice that urban development not only reflected in the growth rate but also harmony in all aspects, the urban development process accordingly must be handle by smart solutions. Smart city evolution is becoming a trend not only in mega-urban areas but also spread to many medium-sized cities in Vietnam. There is quite a lot of discussion on smart cities at an essential period, in particular, smart technology from the perspective of traditional urban policy. However, the ways of development focused on technology aspects have criticized because of removing different levels of elements surrounding smart cities. When the government does not consider the various factors in the implementation of smart policy, it may not effectively provide quality services to citizens, because smart cities are not only concerned with technical factors, but also the intricate surroundings. As an end-user of public services, carrying out interactions between the physical system and human, stakeholders must also contribute ideas for policy-making processes and co-create successful city solutions. Establishing the role of stakeholders in smart city development journey has identified as the main challenge for all cities around the world. Prompt stakeholder participation in all steps, which can help regulators effectively collect and analyze data thence right decision making in smart city development process. Thus, the purpose of this thesis conducts scientific research on smart city development, providing integrated guidelines about the smart city development readiness for medium-sized cities in Vietnam by the stakeholder approach. The thesis begins with a review of documents related to the strategy for developing smart cities and estimate research factors. In this process, the study examines uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process to conduct ranking of factors. The result shows that a top priority of internal factors is citizen participation (0.4141) then administration (0.3625), infrastructure (0.2234). External factors took the order of political will (0.5093), stakeholders (0.3373), and the technology era (0.1535). The thesis continues to present survey results in three medium-sized cities in Vietnam including Da Lat, Nha Trang, and Bac Ninh. The study based on linear Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) conducted to identify factors that influence smart city development readiness (adjusted R2=0.589) . The result shows that there are three main factors affecting the readiness to develop a smart city including; Technological Readiness, Organizational Readiness, and Environmental Readiness. In particular, Organizational Readiness has the strongest impact on Smart City Development Readiness (β coefficient = 0.415; t-value = 8.960; p = 0.000). Finally, the thesis concludes with comprises the integrated framework of effective strategic guidelines, managerial, and operational principles that characterize successful smart city development from the foundation stage for Vietnam medium-sized cities.Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Overview 1 1.2 Purpose of the Research 6 1.3 Contribution of the Research 7 1.4 Research Outline 8 Chapter 2. Literature Review 11 2.1 Smart City 11 2.1.1 The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Smart City Emergence 11 2.1.2 Smart City Definitions 13 2.1.3 Smart City Paradigms 17 2.2 Vietnam Smart City Development Context 19 2.3 The foundation of smart city development components 21 2.3.1 Internal Factors 21 2.3.1.1 Citizen Participation 21 2.3.1.2 Administration 23 2.3.1.3 Infrastructure 25 2.3.2 External Factors 28 2.3.2.1 Political Will 28 2.3.2.2 Stakeholder 29 2.3.2.3 Technology Era 31 2.4 Stakeholder Approach to Smart City Development 33 2.5 Existing Stakeholder Study and Lesson Learned 35 2.6 Conclusion 39 Chapter 3. Determinant Factors in Smart City Development 41 3.1 Methodology 41 3.1.1 Model approach 41 3.1.2 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method research 43 3.1.3 Experts Evaluation Synthesis 47 3.1.4 Data Collection 47 3.2 Estimation of Results 50 3.2.1 Synthesis of Priorities 50 3.2.2 The Relative Importance and Priority of Primary Layer 55 3.2.3 The Relative Importance and Priority of Secondary Layer 58 3.3 Conclusion 61 Chapter 4. Study on the Role of Stakeholder Approach for Sustainable Smart City Development 63 4.1 Hypotheses Development 63 4.1.1 Smart City Development Readiness 63 4.1.2 Technological Readiness 64 4.1.3 Organizational Readiness 66 4.1.4 Environmental Readiness 68 4.2 Methodology 71 4.2.1 Model 71 4.2.2 Preliminary Research 73 4.2.3 Primary Research 76 4.2.3.1 Survey Approach 76 4.2.3.2 Survey questionnaire 78 4.2.3.3 Data Collecting 79 4.2.3.4 Distribution of Respondents 80 4.3 Estimation of Results 83 4.3.1 Measurement Model 83 4.3.1.1 Cronbach’s Alpha Test 83 4.3.1.2 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 85 4.3.2 Structural Model 89 4.3.2.1 Measurement structural 89 4.3.2.2 Bootstrapping Test 91 4.3.2.3 Hypothesis Testing 93 4.4 Conclusion 97 Chapter 5. Discussion & Conclusion 99 5.1 Discussion and Implication 99 5.1.1 Discussion 99 5.1.2 Implication 108 5.2 Conclusion 120 5.3 Limitation and Future Work 122 References 123 국문 요약 152 Appendix A: Survey Questionnaire for AHP 154 Appendix B: Survey Questionnaire for smart city development readiness: Stakeholder approach 160 Appendix C: Discriminant Validity & Variance inflation factor 163Docto

The promotion of assets in the community

Espoon keskuksessa toteutetun osallistava budjetointi Mun Idea -hankkeen osatuoto

Developing a knowledge-based urban development analysis framework: the case of multimedia super corridor, Malaysia

Purpose: In the global knowledge economy, investment in knowledge-intensive industries and information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructures are seen as significant factors in improving the overall socio-economic fabric of cities. Consequently knowledge-based urban development (KBUD) has become a new paradigm in urban planning and development, for increasing the welfare and competitiveness of cities and regions. The paper discusses the critical connections between KBUD strategies and knowledge-intensive industries and ICT infrastructures. In particular, it investigates the application of the knowledge-based urban development concept by discussing one of South East Asia’s large scale manifestations of KBUD; Malaysia’s Multimedia Super Corridor. ----- ----- Design/methodology/approach: The paper provides a review of the KBUD concept and develops a knowledge-based urban development assessment framework to provide a clearer understanding of development and evolution of KBUD manifestations. Subsequently the paper investigates the implementation of the KBUD concept within the Malaysian context, and particularly the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC). ----- ----- Originality/value: The paper, with its KBUD assessment framework, scrutinises Malaysia’s experince; providing an overview of the MSC project and discussion of the case findings. The development and evolution of the MSC is viewed with regard to KBUD policy implementation, infrastructural implications, and the agencies involved in the development and management of the MSC. ----- ----- Practical implications: The emergence of the knowledge economy, together with the issues of globalisation and rapid urbanisation, have created an urgent need for urban planners to explore new ways of strategising planning and development that encompasses the needs and requirements of the knowledge economy and society. In light of the literature and MSC case findings, the paper provides generic recommendations, on the orchestration of knowledge-based urban development, for other cities and regions seeking to transform to the knowledge economy

The Cloud-to-Thing Continuum

The Internet of Things offers massive societal and economic opportunities while at the same time significant challenges, not least the delivery and management of the technical infrastructure underpinning it, the deluge of data generated from it, ensuring privacy and security, and capturing value from it. This Open Access Pivot explores these challenges, presenting the state of the art and future directions for research but also frameworks for making sense of this complex area. This book provides a variety of perspectives on how technology innovations such as fog, edge and dew computing, 5G networks, and distributed intelligence are making us rethink conventional cloud computing to support the Internet of Things. Much of this book focuses on technical aspects of the Internet of Things, however, clear methodologies for mapping the business value of the Internet of Things are still missing. We provide a value mapping framework for the Internet of Things to address this gap. While there is much hype about the Internet of Things, we have yet to reach the tipping point. As such, this book provides a timely entrée for higher education educators, researchers and students, industry and policy makers on the technologies that promise to reshape how society interacts and operates

How 5G wireless (and concomitant technologies) will revolutionize healthcare?

The need to have equitable access to quality healthcare is enshrined in the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which defines the developmental agenda of the UN for the next 15 years. In particular, the third SDG focuses on the need to “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”. In this paper, we build the case that 5G wireless technology, along with concomitant emerging technologies (such as IoT, big data, artificial intelligence and machine learning), will transform global healthcare systems in the near future. Our optimism around 5G-enabled healthcare stems from a confluence of significant technical pushes that are already at play: apart from the availability of high-throughput low-latency wireless connectivity, other significant factors include the democratization of computing through cloud computing; the democratization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cognitive computing (e.g., IBM Watson); and the commoditization of data through crowdsourcing and digital exhaust. These technologies together can finally crack a dysfunctional healthcare system that has largely been impervious to technological innovations. We highlight the persistent deficiencies of the current healthcare system and then demonstrate how the 5G-enabled healthcare revolution can fix these deficiencies. We also highlight open technical research challenges, and potential pitfalls, that may hinder the development of such a 5G-enabled health revolution

Mirroring the City: Toward Web-Based Technologies to Support City Stakeholders in the Orchestration of Local Development Actions

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

Can the Power of Platforms be Harnessed for Governance?

The platform concept examines how strategic leadership and institutional and technological resources enable multiple distributed activities to innovate, adapt, and change. The central question addressed in this paper is: Can this potentially powerful organizing logic be harnessed for public purposes? Since governance platforms are still largely experimental, we cannot fully settle this question at present. However, we can begin to address the issue to help scholars and practitioners explore the potential of platforms. We start with a general statement about what governance platforms might offer to the public sector, before probing the concept more deeply. We then investigate the institutional mechanisms that purportedly make platforms powerful and propose a typology of governance platforms. Finally, we investigate the challenges and successes they have encountered