39 research outputs found
Smart city pilot projects using LoRa and IEEE802.15.4 technologies
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), through wireless communications and the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, are the enabling keys for transforming traditional cities into smart cities, since they provide the core infrastructure behind public utilities and services. However, to be effective, IoT-based services could require different technologies and network topologies, even when addressing the same urban scenario. In this paper, we highlight this aspect and present two smart city testbeds developed in Italy. The first one concerns a smart infrastructure for public lighting and relies on a heterogeneous network using the IEEE 802.15.4 short-range communication technology, whereas the second one addresses smart-building applications and is based on the LoRa low-rate, long-range communication technology. The smart lighting scenario is discussed providing the technical details and the economic benefits of a large-scale (around 3000 light poles) flexible and modular implementation of a public lighting infrastructure, while the smart-building testbed is investigated, through measurement campaigns and simulations, assessing the coverage and the performance of the LoRa technology in a real urban scenario. Results show that a proper parameter setting is needed to cover large urban areas while maintaining the airtime sufficiently low to keep packet losses at satisfactory levels
A Long-range Context-aware Platform Design For Rural Monitoring With IoT In Precision Agriculture
The Internet of Things (IoT) applications has been developing greatly in recent years to solve communication problems, especially in rural areas. Within the IoT, the context-awareness paradigm, especially in precision agricultural practices, has come to a state of the planning of production time. As smart cities approach, the smart environment approach also increases its place in IoT applications and has dominated research in recent years in literature. In this study, soil and environmental information were collected in 17 km diameter in rural area with developed Long Range (LoRa) based context-aware platform. With the developed sensor and actuator control unit, soil moisture at 5 cm and 30 cm depth and soil surface temperature information were collected and the communication performance was investigated. During the study, the performance measurements of the developed Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) enabled Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) gateway were also performed
Performance of a live multi-gateway LoRaWAN and interference measurement across indoor and outdoor localities
Little work has been reported on the magnitude and impact of interference with the performance of Internet of Things (IoT) applications operated by Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) in the unlicensed 868 MHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. The propagation performance and signal activity measurement of such technologies can give many insights to effectively build long-range wireless communications in a Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) environment. In this paper, the performance of a live multi-gateway in indoor office site in Glasgow city was analysed in 26 days of traffic measurement. The indoor network performances were compared to similar performance measurements from outdoor LoRaWAN test traffic generated across Glasgow Central Business District (CBD) and elsewhere on the same LoRaWAN. The results revealed 99.95% packet transfer success on the first attempt in the indoor site compared to 95.7% at the external site. The analysis shows that interference is attributed to nearly 50 X greater LoRaWAN outdoor packet loss than indoor. The interference measurement results showed a 13.2–97.3% and 4.8–54% probability of interfering signals, respectively, in the mandatory Long-Range (LoRa) uplink and downlink channels, capable of limiting LoRa coverage in some areas
Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π°
Introduction. In this article, the basic principles of ecological monitoring were considered, and the possibilities of constructing sensor systems were analysed. It was proposed to use the NB-IoT low-energy telecommunication standard as a basic wireless protocol for ecological system development, which ensures effective communication of network devices. A prototype of the system was constructed, and algorithms for receiving and transmitting signals were simulated.Aim. To construct a prototype of a transceiver based on the NB-IoT standard and perform its simulation. To utilize digital twin in MatLab to create the proposed system.Materials and methods. The prototype was constructed using the Xilinx Zedboard evaluation board and transceiver on AD9361 chip, and the simulation was performed using the MatLab 2010 software package.Results. The results of the simulation in the channel with the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) were obtained, and the level of the detected synchronization signals of the NB-IoT standard was determined. The receiver and transmitter of the NB-IoT standard were implemented on the Xilinx Zedboard evaluation board. The timing simulation results show that the designed system can be tested in a real environment. The power consumption and resource utilization of the constructed wireless sensor network prototype unit were determined. Conclusion. The results obtained via the simulation process show that the designed prototype of the communication system works correctly, and the produced signal meets all the requirements of the NB-IoT standard. The results can be used for creating a domestic manufactured, specialized integrated chip for data units of ecological monitoring systems.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π°; ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ° Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ NB-IoT, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ².Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ NB-IoT ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² MatLab.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ c ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡ Xilinx Zedboard ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ AD9361, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ β ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ MatLab 2010.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π΅ Ρ Π°Π΄Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ° NB-IoT. ΠΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ° NB-IoT ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ Xilinx Zedboard. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΜΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ·Π»Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ° NB-IoT. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ·Π»Π° ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ
Intelligent Instruction-Based IoT Framework for Smart Home Applications using Speech Recognition
Design of a smart home using Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Learning technology has been presented in this paper. This design is primarily based on LoRaWAN protocol and the main objective of this work was to establish an IoT network that is based on integration of sensors, gateway, network server and data visualization system. More importantly, intelligent speech recognition system is designed and presented here in detail as part of this work to achieve a novel futuristic smart home system design framework with intelligent instruction-based operation mechanism. In the case of low noise, the success rate of speaker recognition is above 90% based on THCHS-30 dataset
Integrated system architecture for decision-making and urban planning in smart cities
Research and development of applications for smart cities are extremely relevant considering the various problems that population growth will bring to large urban centers in the next few years. Although research on cyber-physical systems, cloud computing, embedded devices, sensor and actuator networks, and participatory sensing, among other paradigms, is driving the growth of solutions, there are a lot of challenges that need to be addressed. Based on these observations, in this work, we present an integrated system architecture for decision-making support and urban planning by introducing its building blocks (termed components): sensing/actuation, local processing, communication, cloud platform, and application components. In the sensing/actuation component, we present the major relevant resources for data collection, identification devices, and actuators that can be used in smart city solutions. Sensing/actuation component is followed by the local processing component, which is responsible for processing, decision-making support, and control in local scale. The communication component, as the connection element among all these components, is presented with an emphasis on the open-access metropolitan area network and cellular networks. The cloud platform is the essential component for urban planning and integration with electronic governance legacy systems, and finally, the application component, in which the government administrator and users have access to public management tools, citizen services, and other urban planning resources15
LoRa-based communication system for data transfer in microgrids
This paper proposes a LoRa-based wireless communication system for data transfer in microgrids. The proposed system allows connection of multiple sensors to the LoRa transceivers, and enables data collection from various units within a microgrid. The proposed system focuses on communications at the secondary communication level of the microgrid between local controllers of each distributed generation (DG) unit and the microgrid central controller due to the possibility of applying low-bandwidth communication systems at this level. In a proof of concept test bed setup, the data collected by the sensors are sent to the LoRa gateway, which serves as the central monitoring system from which control messages are sent to various microgrid components through their local controllers such as DG units, storage systems and load. In this work, to improve communication security, a private server has been developed using Node-Red instead of cloud servers that are currently used in most Internet-of-Things (IoT) monitoring systems. A range test of the proposed system is carried out to observe the rate of data delivery. It demonstrated over 90% data delivery at 4 km. Finally, a test bed experiment is conducted to validate key features of the proposed system by achieving one-directional data transfer in a grid monitoring system