1,258 research outputs found

    Internet of Things Architectures, Technologies, Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions for Enhanced Living Environments and Healthcare Systems: A Review

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    Internet of Things (IoT) is an evolution of the Internet and has been gaining increased attention from researchers in both academic and industrial environments. Successive technological enhancements make the development of intelligent systems with a high capacity for communication and data collection possible, providing several opportunities for numerous IoT applications, particularly healthcare systems. Despite all the advantages, there are still several open issues that represent the main challenges for IoT, e.g., accessibility, portability, interoperability, information security, and privacy. IoT provides important characteristics to healthcare systems, such as availability, mobility, and scalability, that o er an architectural basis for numerous high technological healthcare applications, such as real-time patient monitoring, environmental and indoor quality monitoring, and ubiquitous and pervasive information access that benefits health professionals and patients. The constant scientific innovations make it possible to develop IoT devices through countless services for sensing, data fusing, and logging capabilities that lead to several advancements for enhanced living environments (ELEs). This paper reviews the current state of the art on IoT architectures for ELEs and healthcare systems, with a focus on the technologies, applications, challenges, opportunities, open-source platforms, and operating systems. Furthermore, this document synthesizes the existing body of knowledge and identifies common threads and gaps that open up new significant and challenging future research directions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Napredna (edge computing) softverska arhitektura za upravljanje resursima i unutrašnje pozicioniranje

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    In Part I, this thesis aims to shed light on IoT and edge com-puting systems and accompanying computing and architectural paradigms, their definition, areas of application, and common use-cases, as well as operational, business, economical, social challenges and benefits. It illustrates modern needs and requests in building IoT systems and current State-of-The-Art (SoTA) approaches to designing them. Additionally, it discusses the security and privacy topics of IoT and edge computing systems. It also encompasses research, design, and implementation of an MQTT-based Resource Management Framework for Edge Com-puting systems that handle: resource management, failover detection and handover administration, logical and physical workload balancing and protection, and monitoring of physical and logical system resources designed for a real-world IoT platform. The thesis offers insights into modern requests for such frameworks, current SoTA approaches, and offer a solution in the form of a software framework, with minimal implementation and communication overhead. In Part II, the thesis elaborates on IPS, their definition, deploy-ment types, commonly used positioning techniques, areas of application, and common use-cases, as well as operational, business, economic, social challenges, and benefits. It specifically discusses designing IPS for the typical IoT infrastructure. It offers insights to modern IPS requests, current SoTA in solving them, and under-line original approaches from this thesis. It elaborates on the research, design and authors’ implementation of an IPS for the IoT – Bluetooth LowEnergyMicrolocation Asset Tracking (BLEMAT), including its software engines (collections of software components) for: indoor positioning, occupancy detection, visualization, pattern discovery and prediction, geofencing, movement pattern detection, visualization, discovery and prediction, social dynamics analysis, and indoor floor plan layout detection.Deo I teze ima je za cilj da rasvetli IoT i edge computing računarske sisteme i prateće računarske paradigme softverskih arhitektura, njihovu definiciju, područja primene i slučajeve uobičajene upotrebe, kao i operativne, poslovne, ekonomske, i socijalne izazove i koristi. Teza ilustruje savremene potrebe i zahtevi u izgradnji IoT sistema i najsavremeniji pristupi u njihovom dizajniranju. Raspravlja se o temama bezbednosti i privatnosti u IoT i edge computing računarskim sistemima. Kao još jedan glavni zadatak, teza je obuhvata istraživanje, dizajn i implementaciju softverske arhitekture za upravljanje resursima zasnovanim na MQTT komunikacionom protokolu za edge computing računarske sisteme koja se bavi: upravljanjem resursima, detekcijom prestanka rada upravljačkih algoritama i administracijom primopredaje tj. transporta upravljačkih algoritama, i logičkim i fizičkim balansiranjem i zaštitom radnog opterećenja sistema. Diskutuju se savremeni zahtevi za takve softverske arhitekture, trenutni pristupi. Na kraju, prikazuje se rešenje sa minimalnim troškovima implementacije i  komunikacije. Deo II teze ima za cilj da objasni sisteme za unutrašnje pozicioniranje, njihovu definiciju, vrste primene, najčešće korišćene tehnike pozicioniranja, područja primene i uobičajene slučajeve upotrebe, kao i operativne, poslovne, ekonomske, i socijalne izazove i koristi. Posebno se diskutuje o dizajniranju ovakvih sistema za tipičnu IoT infrastrukturu. Nudi se uvid u savremene zahteve sisteme za unutrašnje pozicioniranje, trenutne pristupe u rešavanju istih, i naglašeni su originalni pristupe iz ove teze. Dalje je fokus na istraživanju, dizajniranju i implementaciji sistema za unutrašnje pozicioniranje (BLEMAT), uključujući njegove softverske podsisteme (kolekcije softverskih komponenti) za: pozicioniranje u zatvorenom prostoru, detekciju zauzeća prostorija, vizualizaciju, otkrivanje i predviđanje obrazaca kretanja, geofencing, vizualizaciju i analizu društvene dinamike i detekciju rasporeda prostorija unutrašnjeg prostora

    Practical Experiences of a Smart Livestock Location Monitoring System leveraging GNSS, LoRaWAN and Cloud Services.

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    Livestock farming is, in most cases in Europe, unsupervised, thus making it difficult to ensure adequate control of the position of the animals for the improvement of animal welfare. In addition, the geographical areas involved in livestock grazing usually have difficult access with harsh orography and lack of communications infrastructure, thus the need to provide a low-power livestock localization and monitoring system is of paramount importance, which is crucial not for a sustainable agriculture, but also for the protection of native breeds and meats thanks to their controlled supervision. In this context, this work presents an Internet of things (IoT)-based system integrating low-power wide area (LPWA) technology, cloud and virtualization services to provide real-time livestock location monitoring. Taking into account the constraints coming from the environment in terms of energy supply and network connectivity, our proposed system is based on a wearable device equipped with inertial sensors, Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and LoRaWAN transceiver, which can provide a satisfactory compromise between performance, cost and energy consumption. At first, this article provides the state-of-the-art localization techniques and technologies applied to smart livestock. Then, we proceed to provide the hardware and firmware co-design to achieve very low energy consumption, thus providing a significant positive impact to the battery life. The proposed platform has been evaluated in a pilot test in the Northern part of Italy, evaluating different configurations in terms of sampling period, experimental duration and number of devices. The results are analyzed and discussed for packe delivery ratio, energy consumption, localization accuracy, battery discharge measurement and delay

    Development of a Low-Cost Wireless Bee-Hive Temperature and Sound Monitoring System

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    Precision beekeeping requires data acquisition, data analysis, and applications where the initial phase data on the beehive plays a fundamental role. This method of apiculture could be used to measure different bee colony parameters in real time, leveraging on wireless sensing technologies, which aid monitoring of a bee colony, and enhances the monitoring of infectious diseases like colony collapse disorder–a major loss in the management of honey bee population. In this paper, a low-cost wireless technology-based system, which measures in real-time, the temperature in and around the beehive, and the sound intensity inside the hive is presented. This monitoring system is developed using an Arduino microprocessor, an ESP8266 communication module, and a web-based server. The proposed system provides valuable information concerning the bee colony behavior in terms of temperature variations and sound characteristics. Based on the measured temperature and sound information, colony beekeepers could easily detect events like increased food usage by the bees, breeding start time, pre-swarming action, actual swarming pattern, and the bee colony's death

    The Internet of Things: Multi-faceted Research Perspectives

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    Living beyond the hype, the Internet of things (IoT) continues to grow and has clearly emerged as a leading-edge topic in information systems. As the IoT moves beyond novel technologies and exploratory sandbox initiatives to ubiquitous technologies and full production, understanding the phenomenon surrounding IoT challenges and issues has become even more important. In this paper, we explore the critical issues and challenges currently facing IoT adoption and implementation in order to identify areas that require further study. Specifically, we discuss IoT from several key perspectives including IoT connectivity, platforms and 5G, IoT analytics, IoT privacy, security, and litigation risks, IoT business value and monetization, and human interaction with IoT and design considerations Finally, through identifying the current state of IoT and IoT research, we identify potential areas of contribution and future directions for IoT research
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