Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on ASEAN (IC-ASEAN) "Towards a better ASEAN", September 5-6, 2019; Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Since the establishment of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) as a regional organization in 1967, it has played a significant role most importantly related to regional affairs and has also given notable contribution to the international arena. Undisputedly, ASEAN has been successfully fostering good relations among its members since its foundation. After completing the first period of its vision of an integrated regional community (ASEAN Community 2015), ASEAN is now preparing for the launch of ASEAN Community Vision 2025, supported by ASEAN Connectivity 2025. As a study center focusing primarily and solely on ASEAN, in collaboration with the Directorate General of ASEAN Cooperation, Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Center of ASEAN Studies Andalas University, will be hosting the International Conference on ASEAN (IC-ASEAN) as a platform to evaluate past actions, to discuss present issues, and to provide an outlook for the future of ASEAN. Aims and Scope The International Conference on ASEAN (IC-ASEAN) is a multidisciplinary conference which covers a broad range of area. The sub theme will be divided into two large categories focusing on ASEAN Community 2015 and 2025 also ASEAN Connectivity 2025. The sub theme related to ASEAN Community will cover issues related to the three pillars (Political-security Community, Economic Community and Social-cultural Community). Meanwhile the ASEAN Connectivity sub theme will include issues within the key areas (Physical Connectivity, Institutional Connectivity and People-to-people Connectivity

SOCIAL SCIENCES POSTGRADUATE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR (SSPIS) 2017

The objectives of this seminar are: To provide an avenue for postgraduate students to present their research findings, impart knowledge and get feedback; To promote interactions among participants; To enhance networking among researchers; and To assist postgraduate students with publication opportunities

The breach in the dike : regime change and the standardization of public primary-school teacher training in Indonesia, 1893-1969

The aim of the present study is to examine the transformation of teacher training in Indonesia from 1893 to 1969. Public teacher training altered over time to keep in step with the changing requirements in public primary school curricula which had been incurred by economic and political factors. In colonial time the government policy was to prepare Indonesian teachers in the Netherlands Indies according to a standard which would gradually be raised so that in the end, they could concur with the level of the training originally designed for their European counterparts. The introduction of the Kweekschoolplan in 1927 heralded the re-organization and transformation of the kweekschool and the Hogere Kweekschool (HKS) into Hollands Inlandse Kweekschool (HIK). Alas, the Great Depression in 1929 dispelled the colonial dream and the Japanese invasion in 1942 completely altered the next chapter in the history of Indonesian society. The post-war period witnessed three essential points: the brain-drain from schools of the Indonesians who had been educated at the HIK; the removal of Dutch from public school; and the influx of American professors to the schools of teacher training. Now the patterns of expectations of teachers in Indonesia drastically changed, but the nature of teacher training remained basically unchanged. This disjunction implies that the transition from colonial to post-colonial State revealed a paradox in which continuity and change were juxtaposed. The switch from the Dutch to the American model of teacher training in the late 1950s reflected a spirit of reform but also created confusion in the Indonesian search for the meaning of independence.The institutional re-organization of teacher training during the 1950s which continued into the 1960s reflected the bigger narrative of Indonesian State formation at the time. Here, the process of regime change displayed the politics of elimination with a startling lack of understanding of historical experience. A dichotomous way of seeing matters, a rigid option of ‘either this or that’ and a perspective which sharply differentiated between ‘we’ and ‘they’ came to the top list of priorities.LEI Universiteit LeidenLeiden University Department of History, Yayasan Arsari Djojohadikusumo, Gratama Foundation, Harian Kompas, United States-Indonesia SocietyColonial and Global Histor

Seeing The ‘Foreigner’ In The Art Of Early Southeast Asia c.100 BCE – c.900 CE

The millennium between c.100 BCE and c.900 CE saw the growth of long-distance economic and cultural exchange both within and beyond Southeast Asia, processes which contributed to the development of early states and precipitated cultural changes through encounters with Indian and Sinitic cultures. Increasing numbers of people were travelling long distances along established trade routes into, within, through and out of the region, and for many different reasons. Visual representations of people claimed to be ‘foreigners’ in the art of this period have been identified in several cultural contexts, but have mostly received only cursory mention, often with a simple assertion of their identity. However, they are significant as locally-produced representations because, appropriately interpreted, they may offer new insights into intercultural interactions that have in large part been reconstructed from non- Southeast Asian textual sources and via studies of stylistic relationships and archaeological exotica. This thesis seeks to develop a methodology for the informed interpretation of such images that incorporates an appreciation of the cognitive processes behind the perception and representation of difference, otherness and foreignness in ancient art, in part by drawing on interpretive discussions of this kind of visual material elsewhere in the ancient world. Additional considerations pertinent to Southeast Asian engagement with non-local iconographic traditions are included. The resulting methodology is discussed further in three case studies where figures have been claimed to represent ‘foreigners’ to highlight the subjectivities, subtleties and sources involved in interpretation. Two of these have geographical foci, in pre- Angkorian Cambodia and Dvāravatī culture in Central Thailand, and one has a thematic focus, being an apparent association with early representations of horses in the region. In each case, significant new insights result from the attention paid to these figures and their interpretation, showing the methodology to be a productive approach to understanding long-distance connections in Southeast Asia, or indeed elsewhere in the ancient world