Who Sings and Who Falls Silent? A Spatial and Social Analysis of Virgilian Graffiti in Pompeii

This study analyzes Pompeian domestic spaces in which graffiti that quote the works of Virgil have been found. This is particularly compelling because of the Aeneid’s status as a ‘national epic,’ simultaneously ‘high’ culture and seemingly part of the ‘common’ imagination. In the past scholars have argued that the presence of Virgilian graffiti was not indicative of widespread interaction with Virgil, and that a select few individuals were responsible for these quotations. Drawing from ideas proposed by modern graffiti studies and spatial theorists and employing the methodology developed by the Virtual Pompeii Project, this study uses network analysis measures to show that a variety of people likely created Virgilian graffiti, rebutting former assumptions that they were the work only of educated elite men or school children

Who Sings and Who Falls Silent? A Spatial and Social Analysis of Virgilian Graffiti in Pompeii

This study analyzes Pompeian domestic spaces in which graffiti that quote the works of Virgil have been found. This is particularly compelling because of the Aeneid’s status as a ‘national epic,’ simultaneously ‘high’ culture and seemingly part of the ‘common’ imagination. In the past scholars have argued that the presence of Virgilian graffiti was not indicative of widespread interaction with Virgil, and that a select few individuals were responsible for these quotations. Drawing from ideas proposed by modern graffiti studies and spatial theorists and employing the methodology developed by the Virtual Pompeii Project, this study uses network analysis measures to show that a variety of people likely created Virgilian graffiti, rebutting former assumptions that they were the work only of educated elite men or school children

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCED SYNDICATED LOANS DECISIONS IN THE ASEAN OVER THE PERIOD 2006-2010

Syndicated loans are very important tools for financing investments of firms in a country and consequently for the development of the country as a whole. The emerging markets like ASEAN poses significantly high information asymmetry problem compared to Europe and United States, so that research on syndicated loans in this region is very necessary and important. This necessity also arises from the very promising growth and economic potential of the ASEAN region. The research uses Logit regression model to determine whether the loan size, loan maturity, public status of companies, secured loans, and country risks could affect the decision of the lead arranger to syndicate the loan in the ASEAN region over the period 2006-2010. Robustness check that uses the Probit regression model were performed to check the efficiency of the results. It was found that the lead arranger tends to syndicate the loans when the maturity of the loan is shorter, the loan is secured, and the country risk is higher. The size of the loan and the public company status has insignificant effects to the decision of the lead arranger to syndicate the loan. Those findings show that the lead arranger considers to diversify the risk of the loan in the ASEAN market which has high level of risk and information asymmetry issues. This contradicts with the findings in the United States and Europe market as developed countries. Lead arranger in those markets applying a “certification effect” theory that syndicates the low risk loans to maintain their reputation

Partying and cocooning? no paradox for mayoral recruitment in Belgium

This paper studies the role of partisanship in the road to the Belgian mayoralty. It confirms the expectation that most mayors have quite extensive party records prior to coming to office. Although different degrees of partisanship are thus relative, they tend to sort both internal and external effects. Mayors with a highly partisan background give a more active interpretation of their initial recruitment and get a head start in their political career. They also more frequently come from families that are deeply engaged in politics. In addition, they combine their own partisan experience with additional recruitment apprenticeships. Having held a function in a party and having experienced extensive party support make mayoral orientations more partisan in terms of task importance and exchange of views with party leaders