PF191012 Myszyniec - highest Orionid meteor ever recorded

On the night of Oct 18/19, 2012 at 00:23 UT a -14.7 mag Orionid fireball occurred over northeastern Poland. The precise orbit and atmospheric trajectory of the event is presented, based on the data collected by five video and one photographic Polish Fireball Network (PFN) stations. The beginning height of the meteor is 168.4 +\- 0.6 km which makes the PF191012 Myszyniec fireball the highest ever observed, well documented meteor not belonging to the Leonid shower. The ablation became the dominant source of light of the meteor at a height of around 115 km. The thermalization of sputtered particles is suggested to be the source of radiation above that value. The transition height of 115 km is 10-15 km below the transition heights derived for Leonids and it might suggest that the material of Leonids should be more fragile and have probably smaller bulk density than in case of Orionids.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, accpeted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

Check list of the Hungarian Salticidae with biogeographical notes

An updated check list of the Hungarian jumping spider fauna is presented. 70, species are recorded from Hungary so far. Four species are new to the Hungarian fauna: Hasarius adansoni, Neon valentulus, Sitticus caricis, Synageles subcingulatus. With 12 original drawings

Studies on the factors shaping the Polish and Belarus transborder cooperation

The paper discusses the numerous sources of the difficulties encountered in the functioning of Poland's eastern border and analysis their diverse nature. It has been pointed out that they are generated to large extent by geopolitical factors, which hold the key to their successful solution. The paper concerns in a role of mentality and demons of past in shaping geopolitical premises. Due to the absence of sufficiently developed endogenous factors in the region the early years of the process of transformations proved that the incentives for growth can come from the asymmetry of economic potentials that exists between the regions of Poland and the border regions of the former Soviet republics. In this way, thanks to exegenous factors, the potentials on both sides of the border get balanced, a phenomenon known from earlier studies. It can be expected that in future the region will generate its own growth factors through complementary cooperation. From the point of view of the functioning of the future external border of the EU, the paper deals with two problems. The first deals with the shortfalls in transport infrastructure and the widely known problems with the functioning of trans-European transport corridors, where the border crossings remain the crucial spots. The second problem concerns the operation of the private sector or indeed of the presence of an environment for private enterprise, which is also taken up in the context of geopolitical factors, due to the impact it can have on the introduction of constructive changes leading to the establishment of durable goodneighbourly relations. History shows that this can be a highly effective tool for uprooting old prejudice as it permits the relatively fast emergence of new economic ties stemming from shared interests and it is generally conductive to opennes. This view was borne out by empirical studies into the functioning of Polands''''s eastern border. Only if the conditions for the development of local and regional enterpreneurship in border regions are guaranteed, can the European challenges to the functioning of eastern border bear fruit.

The accommodation and transport modes of choice of Siedlce and Siedlce poviat residents engaged in domestic religious tourism in the years 2017-2019

The objective of the present work was to fill in the research space exploring the existential issues of people participating in religious tourism. The authors undertook to indicate places of accommodation and transport modes of choice for the purpose of religious trips made by people living either in the town of Siedlce or in the surrounding area called Siedlce poviat. The following determinants were used while establishing the aim of the study: gender, age andlevel of education. The study here involved the method of diagnostic survey whose research tool was the authors’ own questionnaire. The analysis conducted in the study reported here demonstrated significant relationships between accommodation of choice and gender, level of education as well as age of the pilgrims. By far the greatest number of respondents used accommodation offered in pilgrim hostels. The majority of subjects travelling for religious purposes in Poland participated in walking pilgrimages. Despite a convenient location of Siedlce poviat with regard to airports, tourists from the study area did not choose this mode of transport at all. The objective of the present work was to fill in the research space exploring the existential issues of people participating in religious tourism. The authors undertook to indicate places of accommodation and transport modes of choice for the purpose of religious trips made by people living either in the town of Siedlce or in the surrounding area called Siedlce poviat. The following determinants were used while establishing the aim of the study: gender, age andlevel of education. The study here involved the method of diagnostic survey whose research tool was the authors’ own questionnaire. The analysis conducted in the study reported here demonstrated significant relationships between accommodation of choice and gender, level of education as well as age of the pilgrims. By far the greatest number of respondents used accommodation offered in pilgrim hostels. The majority of subjects travelling for religious purposes in Poland participated in walking pilgrimages. Despite a convenient location of Siedlce poviat with regard to airports, tourists from the study area did not choose this mode of transport at all.

Narrative vs. "objective" style : Notes on the style of news (agency) reports on violence in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century

The paper examines stylistic changes in newspaper articles on violence between 1859 and 1910. I have looked both at news narratives, and at signs of the new, “objective” writing style. Whenever possible, I have chosen stories attributed to AP (the Associated Press) and Reuters news agencies, since as global distributors of news, they have had an influential role in creating and reinforcing conventions of news writing. The paper clearly demonstrates the difference between the ghastly, chronological murder stories of the late nineteenth century and the “modern” style adopted in the AP Siedlce narrative in 1906. The first evidence of the intentionally “objective” writing style I found in Reuters telegrams on the Siedlce pogrom in 1906.Peer reviewe