Extraterrestrial applications of solar optics for interior illumination

Solar optics is a terrestrial technology that has potential extraterrestrial applications. Active solar optics (ASO) and passive solar optics (PSO) are two approaches to the transmission of sunlight to remote interior spaces. Active solar optics is most appropriate for task illumination, while PSO is most appropriate for general illumination. Research into solar optics, motivated by energy conservation, has produced lightweight and low-cost materials, products that have applications to NASA's Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) program and its lunar base studies. Specifically, prism light guides have great potential in these contexts. Several applications of solar optics to lunar base concepts are illustrated

The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, volume 1

These papers comprise a peer-review selection of presentations by authors from NASA, LPI industry, and academia at the Second Conference (April 1988) on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, sponsored by the NASA Office of Exploration and the Lunar Planetary Institute. These papers go into more technical depth than did those published from the first NASA-sponsored symposium on the topic, held in 1984. Session topics covered by this volume include (1) design and operation of transportation systems to, in orbit around, and on the Moon, (2) lunar base site selection, (3) design, architecture, construction, and operation of lunar bases and human habitats, and (4) lunar-based scientific research and experimentation in astronomy, exobiology, and lunar geology

The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, volume 2

These 92 papers comprise a peer-reviewed selection of presentations by authors from NASA, the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI), industry, and academia at the Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century. These papers go into more technical depth than did those published from the first NASA-sponsored symposium on the topic, held in 1984. Session topics included the following: (1) design and operation of transportation systems to, in orbit around, and on the Moon; (2) lunar base site selection; (3) design, architecture, construction, and operation of lunar bases and human habitats; (4) lunar-based scientific research and experimentation in astronomy, exobiology, and lunar geology; (5) recovery and use of lunar resources; (6) environmental and human factors of and life support technology for human presence on the Moon; and (7) program management of human exploration of the Moon and space

Access Mars: Assessing Cave Capabilities Establishing Specific Solutions: Final Report

The human race has evolved, grown and expanded through the exploration of Earth. After initial steps on the Moon, our next challenge is to explore the solar system. Mars shows potential for both scientific discovery and future human settlement, and so is a prime candidate for the next leap of human exploration. Such a bold endeavor will be a driver for an unprecedented worldwide cooperative effort and the catalyst for a new era of international, intercultural and interdisciplinary human relations. Scientific and technological progress will also accelerate as mankind is ushered into a new era of space exploration. Currently proposed Mars missions have identified a number of challenges such as high levels of radiation, harsh climate and limited launch windows. Recently discovered lava tubes on Mars present potential solutions to some of these issues, but raise a variety of intriguing new challenges. These encompass not only technological and engineering considerations, but also legal, ethical and societal issues such as planetary protection and crew safety. This report assesses the feasibility of overcoming such challenges through the exploitation of Mars caves. This report reviews existing reference missions and identifies areas of further research essential for adapting mission architectures to utilize caves. Cave suitability is considered with respect to size, type, location and their potential to mitigate hazards. They are also assessed with respect to their potential for scientific work adhering to astrobiology guidelines and the search for extra-terrestrial life. This report compares surface and subsurface habitat options. Engineering challenges arising from the use of caves are addressed along with proposals for alternate architecture solutions. Mission analysis is conducted to determine the transit trajectory and define two possible mission scenarios with surface crews of 6 and 12 crew members. Different types of habitat are described and evaluated. An architecture for precursor missions is provided utilizing surface rovers, cargo delivery rovers and pressurized human transport vehicles. The implications of sub-surface operations on thermal control, communications and power systems are investigated with recommendations given. Crew selection, training methods and life support system solutions are also addressed. Literature suggests a low radiation environment within Martian caves, allowing for extended duration missions. The ACCESS Mars Team concludes that using lava tubes as human habitats is not merely a viable habitat solution for a Mars expedition, but also potentially more beneficial than proposed surface solutions

Scientific and technical papers presented or published by JSC authors in 1985

The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center contributions to the scientific and technical literature in aerospace and life sciences made during calendar year 1985 are described. Citations include NASA formal series reports, journal articles, conference and symposium presentations, papers published in proceedings or other collective works, and seminar and workshop results

Hands-on Science. Celebrating Science and Science Education

The book herein aims to contribute to the improvement of Science Education in our schools and to an effective implementation of a sound widespread scientific literacy at all levels of society

Archaeology and Tourism in the Early 20th Century: Pompeii Through a Photographic Archive

Held at the University of Nebraska State Museum, the Iain C.G. Campbell collection contains thirty-nine photographs taken at Pompeii and Athens, forty-six postcards from multiple archaeological sites around the Mediterranean, and two Roman style lamps. Dating to the early nineteen hundreds, this collection was brought to Nebraska by Iain C.G. Campbell, the son of Gladys Annie Campbell née Theophilus, the original collector and the woman who is thought to be shown in two of the photographs from the collection. Campbell moved to Nebraska after his marriage to Gladys Perry, a native Nebraskan, and brought with him his mother’s collection. Donated to the museum in 1973, it is this collection that this thesis centers around, presenting and analyzing the material from multiple perspectives. Travel throughout the Mediterranean has been present from antiquity to the present day. The discovery and excavation of archaeological sites and their promotion as must visits during the period of the Grand Tour established cities such as Pompeii and Athens as popular destinations for travelers coming from around the world. Due to this global impact on diverse cultures anthropology has taken strides to understand practices related to both the tourists and hosts. The Campbell collection fits within the study of objects accumulated by travelers for their larger understanding as objects of memory and presentation as proof of exploration and travel. To make the Campbell collection more accessible, the photographs, postcards, and lamps have been digitized using both traditional scanning for the 2D objects and photogrammetry to create 3D models of the lamps. Using Geographic Information System’s (GIS) ability to map the locations of the photographs and formulate routes using Network Analyst, the photographs in the city of Pompeii were mapped and a possible route for the 1900s visit was formed. With the digital products of the collection, a narrative website was formed using Scalar to present the collection online. Advisor: Effie Athanassopoulo

The UCF Report, Vol. 20 No. 14, February 6, 1998

Neighborhood clinics real-life classrooms; Toying with your mind: Those knickknacks on your desk might reveal more about you thank you think