181 research outputs found

    Ship classification and detection based on CNN using GF-3 SAR images

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    Ocean surveillance via high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imageries has been a hot issue because SAR is able to work in all-day and all-weather conditions. The launch of Chinese Gaofen-3 (GF-3) satellite has provided a large number of SAR imageries, making it possible to marine targets monitoring. However, it is difficult for traditional methods to extract effective features to classify and detect different types of marine targets in SAR images. This paper proposes a convolutional neutral network (CNN) model for marine target classification at patch level and an overall scheme for marine target detection in large-scale SAR images. First, eight types of marine targets in GF-3 SAR images are labelled based on feature analysis, building the datasets for further experiments. As for the classification task at patch level, a novel CNN model with six convolutional layers, three pooling layers, and two fully connected layers has been designed. With respect to the detection part, a Single Shot Multi-box Detector with a multi-resolution input (MR-SSD) is developed, which can extract more features at different resolution versions. In order to detect different targets in large-scale SAR images, a whole workflow including sea-land segmentation, cropping with overlapping, detection with MR-SSD model, coordinates mapping, and predicted boxes consolidation is developed. Experiments based on the GF-3 dataset demonstrate the merits of the proposed methods for marine target classification and detection

    Artificial Neural Networks and Evolutionary Computation in Remote Sensing

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    Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and evolutionary computation methods have been successfully applied in remote sensing applications since they offer unique advantages for the analysis of remotely-sensed images. ANNs are effective in finding underlying relationships and structures within multidimensional datasets. Thanks to new sensors, we have images with more spectral bands at higher spatial resolutions, which clearly recall big data problems. For this purpose, evolutionary algorithms become the best solution for analysis. This book includes eleven high-quality papers, selected after a careful reviewing process, addressing current remote sensing problems. In the chapters of the book, superstructural optimization was suggested for the optimal design of feedforward neural networks, CNN networks were deployed for a nanosatellite payload to select images eligible for transmission to ground, a new weight feature value convolutional neural network (WFCNN) was applied for fine remote sensing image segmentation and extracting improved land-use information, mask regional-convolutional neural networks (Mask R-CNN) was employed for extracting valley fill faces, state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection models were applied to automatically detect airplanes and ships in VHR satellite images, a coarse-to-fine detection strategy was employed to detect ships at different sizes, and a deep quadruplet network (DQN) was proposed for hyperspectral image classification

    Integrated Applications of Geo-Information in Environmental Monitoring

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    This book focuses on fundamental and applied research on geo-information technology, notably optical and radar remote sensing and algorithm improvements, and their applications in environmental monitoring. This Special Issue presents ten high-quality research papers covering up-to-date research in land cover change and desertification analyses, geo-disaster risk and damage evaluation, mining area restoration assessments, the improvement and development of algorithms, and coastal environmental monitoring and object targeting. The purpose of this Special Issue is to promote exchanges, communications and share the research outcomes of scientists worldwide and to bridge the gap between scientific research and its applications for advancing and improving society

    SAR Ship Target Recognition via Selective Feature Discrimination and Multifeature Center Classifier

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    Maritime surveillance is not only necessary for every country, such as in maritime safeguarding and fishing controls, but also plays an essential role in international fields, such as in rescue support and illegal immigration control. Most of the existing automatic target recognition (ATR) methods directly send the extracted whole features of SAR ships into one classifier. The classifiers of most methods only assign one feature center to each class. However, the characteristics of SAR ship images, large inner-class variance, and small interclass difference lead to the whole features containing useless partial features and a single feature center for each class in the classifier failing with large inner-class variance. We proposes a SAR ship target recognition method via selective feature discrimination and multifeature center classifier. The selective feature discrimination automatically finds the similar partial features from the most similar interclass image pairs and the dissimilar partial features from the most dissimilar inner-class image pairs. It then provides a loss to enhance these partial features with more interclass separability. Motivated by divide and conquer, the multifeature center classifier assigns multiple learnable feature centers for each ship class. In this way, the multifeature centers divide the large inner-class variance into several smaller variances and conquered by combining all feature centers of one ship class. Finally, the probability distribution over all feature centers is considered comprehensively to achieve an accurate recognition of SAR ship images. The ablation experiments and experimental results on OpenSARShip and FUSAR-Ship datasets show that our method has achieved superior recognition performance under decreasing training SAR ship samples

    Advances in Object and Activity Detection in Remote Sensing Imagery

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    The recent revolution in deep learning has enabled considerable development in the fields of object and activity detection. Visual object detection tries to find objects of target classes with precise localisation in an image and assign each object instance a corresponding class label. At the same time, activity recognition aims to determine the actions or activities of an agent or group of agents based on sensor or video observation data. It is a very important and challenging problem to detect, identify, track, and understand the behaviour of objects through images and videos taken by various cameras. Together, objects and their activity recognition in imaging data captured by remote sensing platforms is a highly dynamic and challenging research topic. During the last decade, there has been significant growth in the number of publications in the field of object and activity recognition. In particular, many researchers have proposed application domains to identify objects and their specific behaviours from air and spaceborne imagery. This Special Issue includes papers that explore novel and challenging topics for object and activity detection in remote sensing images and videos acquired by diverse platforms

    SAR ATR Method with Limited Training Data via an Embedded Feature Augmenter and Dynamic Hierarchical-Feature Refiner

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    Without sufficient data, the quantity of information available for supervised training is constrained, as obtaining sufficient synthetic aperture radar (SAR) training data in practice is frequently challenging. Therefore, current SAR automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithms perform poorly with limited training data availability, resulting in a critical need to increase SAR ATR performance. In this study, a new method to improve SAR ATR when training data are limited is proposed. First, an embedded feature augmenter is designed to enhance the extracted virtual features located far away from the class center. Based on the relative distribution of the features, the algorithm pulls the corresponding virtual features with different strengths toward the corresponding class center. The designed augmenter increases the amount of information available for supervised training and improves the separability of the extracted features. Second, a dynamic hierarchical-feature refiner is proposed to capture the discriminative local features of the samples. Through dynamically generated kernels, the proposed refiner integrates the discriminative local features of different dimensions into the global features, further enhancing the inner-class compactness and inter-class separability of the extracted features. The proposed method not only increases the amount of information available for supervised training but also extracts the discriminative features from the samples, resulting in superior ATR performance in problems with limited SAR training data. Experimental results on the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR), OpenSARShip, and FUSAR-Ship benchmark datasets demonstrate the robustness and outstanding ATR performance of the proposed method in response to limited SAR training data

    Remote Sensing Object Detection Meets Deep Learning: A Meta-review of Challenges and Advances

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    Remote sensing object detection (RSOD), one of the most fundamental and challenging tasks in the remote sensing field, has received longstanding attention. In recent years, deep learning techniques have demonstrated robust feature representation capabilities and led to a big leap in the development of RSOD techniques. In this era of rapid technical evolution, this review aims to present a comprehensive review of the recent achievements in deep learning based RSOD methods. More than 300 papers are covered in this review. We identify five main challenges in RSOD, including multi-scale object detection, rotated object detection, weak object detection, tiny object detection, and object detection with limited supervision, and systematically review the corresponding methods developed in a hierarchical division manner. We also review the widely used benchmark datasets and evaluation metrics within the field of RSOD, as well as the application scenarios for RSOD. Future research directions are provided for further promoting the research in RSOD.Comment: Accepted with IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine. More than 300 papers relevant to the RSOD filed were reviewed in this surve
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