21 research outputs found

    Book of abstracts

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    Correlation of influenza infection with glycan array

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    Poster Presentation: SPB1 / SPB2 - Virus Host Interaction/Pathogensis/Transmission: abstract no. B109PINTRODUCTION: The past 6 years has seen the introduction of glycan arrays containing large numbers of sialic acid (Sia) containing compounds and these arrays have been used to demonstrate the relative binding affinity of influenza viruses to different glycans. Though infor...postprin

    Molecular and computational approach to the link between nutrition and cancer

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    Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Física Aplicada. Fecha de lectura: 22-11-201

    An analysis of target recipient groups for monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza vaccine and trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines in 2009-10 and 2010-11

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    Poster Presentation: SPA5 - How to Evaluate Vaccine Effectiveness and Efficacy?: abstract no. A513PINTRODUCTION: Vaccination is generally considered to be the best primary prevention measure against influenza virus infection. Many countries encourage specific target groups of people to undertake vaccination, often with financial subsidies or a list of priority. To understand differential patterns of national target groups for influenza vaccination before, during and after the 2009 influenza pandemic, we reviewed and identified changes in national target groups for trivalent seasonal influenza and the monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza vaccines dur...postprin

    Efficacy of live attenuated seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine in school-age children: a randomized controlled trial

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    Poster Presentation: SPA5 - How to Evaluate Vaccine Effectiveness and Efficacy?: abstract no. A508PBACKGROUND: A novel pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus emerged in North America in early 2009 and rapidly spread worldwide. Monovalent pH1N1 vaccines were licensed later in 2009 based on preliminary studies demonstrating their immunogenicity and safety. In this study we report the efficacy of live attenuated monovalent pH1N1 vacc...postprin

    The Impact of Flow on the Nuclear Translocation of NF-kB

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    In this dissertation, the impact of flow on the nuclear translocation of NF-kB in vascular endothelial cells was investigated. NF-kB is a key promoter of inflammatory responses and its mis-regulation is related to the development of vascular diseases. The aim was to establish a link between hemodynamic forces and NF-kB to gain insight in cardiovascular disease mechanisms such as aneurysms. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were transfected with two plasmids: H2B-mCherry and GFP-RelA. The nuclear translocation of NF-kB within the transfected primary cells was verified with TNF-a stimulation and compared to immunohistochemistry of TNF-a stimulated non-transfected cells. In the first part of the thesis, transfected HUVECs were exposed to different flow environments, including uniform low shear stress, uniform high shear stress and a shear stress gradient, and imaged live for 6 hours. Computer vision techniques were applied to track each individual cell and each nuclear NF-kB concentration was evaluated as a function of time. In each experiment, more than 1000 single cells were tracked and analysed. TNF-a stimulation caused a synchronised population response with a nuclear NF-kB peak at 30 minutes. The population mean of cells under static conditions remained constant, while spontaneous nuclear translocation of NF-kB in individual cells was observed. Uniform low shear stress stimulation increased translocating activity after 5 hours of flow. Alternatively, uniform high shear stress promoted increased nuclear translocation, directly after onset of flow and after 5 hours. Small differences of nuclear translocation of NF-kB at different shear stress magnitudes within a shear stress gradient were observed. The percentage of cells experiencing early nuclear translocation increased with increased shear stress. It is believed that high shear stress induces nuclear translocation early, while for low shear stresses, responses are delayed. In the second part of the thesis, a numerical model was developed to predict cell population responses of the NF-kB pathway. The model is deterministic but includes extrinsic noise to mimic stimulus dependent cell-to-cell variability. Population responses to different TNF-a concentrations were predicted in close agreement with live-cell measurements. The model was extended with a shear dependent activation module to predict small variabilities observed in nuclear translocation of NF-kB under different shear conditions. The close agreement between nuclear translocation of NF-kB in a shear stress gradient and the measurements allowed prediction of inflammatory responses in different flow environments such as a backward facing step channel. This work provides a first insight in the temporal dynamics of nuclear translocation of NF-kB in a large population of endothelial cells exposed to different flow environments. Although the effects were much weaker than with TNF-a stimulation, differences between static and flow conditions were observed, which indicate that hemodynamic forces affect intracellular signalling

    The Retina in Health and Disease

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    Vision is the most important sense in higher mammals. The retina is the first step in visual processing and the window to the brain. It is not surprising that problems arising in the retina lead to moderate to severe visual impairments. We offer here a collection of reviews as well as original papers dealing with various aspects of retinal function as well as dysfunction. New approaches in retinal research are described, such as the expression and localization of the endocannabinoid system in the normal retina and the role of cannabinoid receptors that could offer new avenues of research in the development of potential treatments for retinal diseases. Moreover, new insights are offered in advancing knowledge towards the prevention and cure of visual pathologies, mainly AMD, RP, and diabetic retinopathy
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