Fratricide: defective decision making

Motivation – to explore the applicability of a Human Factors methodology for the investigation of fratricide. Research approach – The EAST methodology was used to analyse an incident of fratricide and its ability to explore the Famous Five of Fratricide (F3) model was investigated. Findings/Design – the analysis revealed that EAST was able to provide explicit discussion of the Famous Five of Fratricide (F3) models five causal factors of communication, cooperation, coordination, schemata and situation awareness. Research limitations/Implications – the research explored a single case study and as such is couched at the initial phases of investigation. Originality/Value – the analysis provides a contribution to the knowledge urrounding fratricide both with respect to the novel application of the EAST methodology to an incident of fratricide, and also the causal factors identified by EAST within the fratricide incident. Take away message – the EAST methodology provides an innovative way of exploring causality in incidents of fratricide<br/

The Risk Situation Awareness Provision Capability and its Degradation in the Überlingen Accident over Time

AbstractThis paper presents a STAMP-based indicator of measuring the inherent, in terms of the system design and development, capability of each system part to provide its agent with Situation Awareness (SA) about the presence of system threats and vulnerabilities that may lead to accidents. An agent is a human or automated controller that possesses reasoning mechanisms and demonstrates a capability to influence others or modify situations. This capability – in as far as it pertains to risk modification - is called “risk SA provision capability” (RiskSOAP) and can be modelled in a control loop. This capability is considered as dynamic because it can fluctuate over time due to changes in safety specifications and short- or long-term conditions. In order to demonstrate the fluctuation of the risk SA provision capability along the development of an accident, the STAMP-based RiskSOAP indicator is calculated throughout the Überlingen accident timeline. This timeline incorporates four milestones, each one denoting a particular time point in the accident development. The decline in the value of the RiskSOAP indicator is attributed to the presence of flaws and unsafe control actions, through which accident scenarios are verified and the system is headed for an accident. The main conclusion is that in such socio-technical systems there is a tight coupling between the degradation of the risk SA provision capability and the degradation of safety

From Sensor to Observation Web with Environmental Enablers in the Future Internet

This paper outlines the grand challenges in global sustainability research and the objectives of the FP7 Future Internet PPP program within the Digital Agenda for Europe. Large user communities are generating significant amounts of valuable environmental observations at local and regional scales using the devices and services of the Future Internet. These communities’ environmental observations represent a wealth of information which is currently hardly used or used only in isolation and therefore in need of integration with other information sources. Indeed, this very integration will lead to a paradigm shift from a mere Sensor Web to an Observation Web with semantically enriched content emanating from sensors, environmental simulations and citizens. The paper also describes the research challenges to realize the Observation Web and the associated environmental enablers for the Future Internet. Such an environmental enabler could for instance be an electronic sensing device, a web-service application, or even a social networking group affording or facilitating the capability of the Future Internet applications to consume, produce, and use environmental observations in cross-domain applications. The term ?envirofied? Future Internet is coined to describe this overall target that forms a cornerstone of work in the Environmental Usage Area within the Future Internet PPP program. Relevant trends described in the paper are the usage of ubiquitous sensors (anywhere), the provision and generation of information by citizens, and the convergence of real and virtual realities to convey understanding of environmental observations. The paper addresses the technical challenges in the Environmental Usage Area and the need for designing multi-style service oriented architecture. Key topics are the mapping of requirements to capabilities, providing scalability and robustness with implementing context aware information retrieval. Another essential research topic is handling data fusion and model based computation, and the related propagation of information uncertainty. Approaches to security, standardization and harmonization, all essential for sustainable solutions, are summarized from the perspective of the Environmental Usage Area. The paper concludes with an overview of emerging, high impact applications in the environmental areas concerning land ecosystems (biodiversity), air quality (atmospheric conditions) and water ecosystems (marine asset management)

Multimorbidity: Technical Series on Safer Primary Care

No abstract available

How to recognise a kick : A cognitive task analysis of drillers’ situation awareness during well operations

Acknowledgements This article is based on a doctoral research project of the first author which was sponsored by an international drilling rig operator. The views presented are those of the authors and should not be taken to represent the position or policy of the sponsor. The authors wish to thank the industrial supervisor and the drilling experts for their contribution and patience, as well as Aberdeen Drilling School for allowing the first author to attend one of their well control courses.Peer reviewedPostprin

Bringing Human Factor to Business Intelligence

Trabalho apresentado em 11th INEKA Conference, 11-13 junho 2019, Verona, ItáliaStarting from Business Intelligence (BI) reference models, this work proposes to extend the multi-dimensional data modeling approach to integrate Human Factors (HF) related dimensions. The overall goal is to promote a fine grain understanding of derived Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) through an enhanced characterization of the operational level of work context. HF research has traditionally approached critical domains and complex socio-technical systems with a chief consideration of human situated action. Grounded on a review of the body of knowledge of the HF field this work proposes the Business Intelligence for Human Factors (BI4HF) framework. It intends to provide guidance on pertinent data identification, collection methods, modeling and integration within a BI project endeavor. BI4HF foundations are introduced and a use case on a manufacturing industry organization is presented. The outcome of the enacted BI project referred in the use case allowed new analytical capabilities regarding newly derived and existing KPIs related to operational performance.N/

Influence of regional, national and sub-national HDRs

This review highlights some achievements by regional, national and sub-national Human development Reports (HDRs) in influencing policy debate. Examining a sample of regional, national and sub-national HDRs released over the past 18 years, one concludes that several HDRs influenced the application of the human development concept and measurement to policy analysis at the national level. For the purpose of this exercise, few typologies of HDR influence have been identified, such as the national application of the human development paradigm; the contribution to the human development debate on specific themes; the development of national capacity for policy formulation and assessment; the revision of national policies and budget allocations according to human development priorities; extensive media attention generated by some reports; and the introduction of human development materials in national education curricula in developing countries. The paper dedicates a section to each category, providing examples from HDRs to illustrate the type of influence.National Human Development Reports, Influence, Policy, Capacity Development