468,560 research outputs found

    Intelligent protocol adaptation for enhanced medical e-collaboration

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    Copyright @ 2003 AAAIDistributed multimedia e-health applications have a set specific requirements which must be taken into account effective use is to be made of the limited resources provided by public telecommunication networks. Moreover, there an architectural gap between the provision of network-level Quality of Service (QoS) and user requirements of e-health applications. In this paper, we address the problem bridging this gap from a multi-attribute decision-making perspective in the context of a remote collaborative environment for back pain treatment. We propose intelligent mechanism that integrates user- related requirements with the more technical characterisation Quality of Service. We show how our framework is capable of suggesting appropriately tailored transmission protocols, by incorporating user requirements in the remote delivery e-health solutions

    Challenges in the delivery of e-government through kiosks

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    Kiosks are increasingly being heralded as a technology through which governments, government departments and local authorities or municipalities can engage with citizens. In particular, they have attractions in their potential to bridge the digital divide. There is some evidence to suggest that the citizen uptake of kiosks and indeed other channels for e-government, such as web sites, is slow, although studies on the use of kiosks for health information provision offer some interesting perspectives on user behaviour with kiosk technology. This article argues that the delivery of e-government through kiosks presents a number of strategic challenges, which will need to be negotiated over the next few years in order that kiosk applications are successful in enhancing accessibility to and engagement with e-government. The article suggests that this involves consideration of: the applications to be delivered through a kiosk; one stop shop service and knowledge architectures; mechanisms for citizen identification; and, the integration of kiosks within the total interface between public bodies and their communities. The article concludes by outlining development and research agendas in each of these areas.</p

    Barriers to older adults’ uptake of mobile-based mental health interventions

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    Background To address increasing demand of mental healthcare treatments for older adults and the need to reduce delivery costs, healthcare providers are turning to mobile applications. The importance of psychological barriers have been highlighted in the uptake of mobile-based mental health interventions and efforts have been made to identify these barriers in order to facilitate initial uptake and acceptance. However, limited research has focused on older adults’ awareness of these applications and factors that might be hindering their use. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the perceived barriers that older adults experience in the uptake of mobile-based mental health interventions. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 10 older adults, 50 years or older (female = 7, mean age = 68 years), who experienced periods of low mood. National Health Service applications were demonstrated to facilitate conversation and explore participants’ understanding of mental health and mobile-based mental health interventions. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview transcripts. Results The social ecological model was adopted as an organising framework for the thematic analysis which identified six distinct barriers to older adults’ uptake of mobile-based mental health interventions: mental electronic-health (e-health) awareness, interaction with technology, discontinuation, ‘seeing’ facilitates therapeutic alliance, incongruent role of the general practitioner and privacy and confidentiality. Conclusions Older adults experience a number of barriers to uptake ranging from the individual level to a macro, organisational level. The practical implications of these barriers are discussed such as the need for increased awareness of mobile-based mental health interventions among older adults

    Next-generation softwarized wireless networks

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    © 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Fifth-generation (5G) systems are being designed not only to face the unprecedented growth of mobile data traffic forecasted for the coming years but also to support other multiple and diverse use cases associated with new market segments and vertical industries (e.g., connected cars, smart cities, e-health, and smart factories). Hence, 5G systems are envisioned to become flexible and versatile network infrastructures that can be leveraged through a wide range of service-delivery models (e.g., neutral network hosting, network as a service, and private networks) and operators can customize for different applications and customer needs using network slicing.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

    What women want : an introductory exploration into choice of female healthcare services

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    There has been a recent increase in female healthcare applications, but limited research on factors governing their use and comparative studies with physical clinics. This study aims to analyse the effect of psychological distance and social identity on attitudes to female healthcare services. We compare in-person consultations (offline service) with menstrual-tracking apps (online service). In Study A we distinguish between health service delivery modalities1 as online or offline. We compare the effect of psychological distance from the health service on social proximity, perceived likelihood of fitting the described scenario and construal level. In Study B we manipulate the health service and social identity of the doctors to measure how these impact help-seeking, goal setting and social distance in black women. Study A results suggest that higher distance from the health service leads to decreased social proximity and perceived likelihood of the situation, but no change in construal level. In Study B we found that shared social identity and face-to-face health service increases help-seeking behaviour and decreases social distance but has no effect on the abstraction of goals. We suggest that there is a need for higher availability of face-to-face health services and for mechanisms to increase help-seeking through mobile apps in female healthcare.Tem havido um aumento recente nas aplicações dos cuidados de saúde femininos, mas uma investigação limitada sobre os fatores que regem a sua utilização e pouca comparação entre os estudos e o realizado nas clínicas físicas. Este estudo visa analisar o efeito da psicologia à distância e da identidade social nas atitudes em relação aos serviços de saúde femininos. Comparamos consultas presenciais (serviço offline) com aplicações de rastreio menstrual (serviço online). No Estudo A, distinguimos entre modalidades de prestação de serviços de saúde online e offline. Comparamos o efeito do serviço de saúde prestado pela psicologia à distância com a proximidade social, a percepção da probabilidade de adaptação ao cenário descrito e o nível interpretativo. No Estudo B, manipulamos o serviço de saúde e a identidade social dos médicos para medir o modo como estes têm impacto na procura de ajuda, estabelecimento de objectivos e distância social nas mulheres negras. Os resultados do Estudo A sugerem que uma maior distância do serviço de saúde leva à diminuição da proximidade social e da percepção da situação provável, mas nenhuma mudança no nível interpretativo. No Estudo B descobrimos que a identidade social partilhada e o serviço de saúde presencial aumentam o comportamento de procura de ajuda e diminui a distância social, mas não tem qualquer efeito nos objetivos abstratos. Entendemos que há uma maior necessidade de disponibilidade de serviços de saúde presenciais e de mecanismos para aumentar a procura de ajuda através de aplicações móveis nos cuidados de saúde femininos

    A Priority-based Fair Queuing (PFQ) Model for Wireless Healthcare System

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    Healthcare is a very active research area, primarily due to the increase in the elderly population that leads to increasing number of emergency situations that require urgent actions. In recent years some of wireless networked medical devices were equipped with different sensors to measure and report on vital signs of patient remotely. The most important sensors are Heart Beat Rate (ECG), Pressure and Glucose sensors. However, the strict requirements and real-time nature of medical applications dictate the extreme importance and need for appropriate Quality of Service (QoS), fast and accurate delivery of a patient’s measurements in reliable e-Health ecosystem. As the elderly age and older adult population is increasing (65 years and above) due to the advancement in medicine and medical care in the last two decades; high QoS and reliable e-health ecosystem has become a major challenge in Healthcare especially for patients who require continuous monitoring and attention. Nevertheless, predictions have indicated that elderly population will be approximately 2 billion in developing countries by 2050 where availability of medical staff shall be unable to cope with this growth and emergency cases that need immediate intervention. On the other side, limitations in communication networks capacity, congestions and the humongous increase of devices, applications and IOT using the available communication networks add extra layer of challenges on E-health ecosystem such as time constraints, quality of measurements and signals reaching healthcare centres. Hence this research has tackled the delay and jitter parameters in E-health M2M wireless communication and succeeded in reducing them in comparison to current available models. The novelty of this research has succeeded in developing a new Priority Queuing model ‘’Priority Based-Fair Queuing’’ (PFQ) where a new priority level and concept of ‘’Patient’s Health Record’’ (PHR) has been developed and integrated with the Priority Parameters (PP) values of each sensor to add a second level of priority. The results and data analysis performed on the PFQ model under different scenarios simulating real M2M E-health environment have revealed that the PFQ has outperformed the results obtained from simulating the widely used current models such as First in First Out (FIFO) and Weight Fair Queuing (WFQ). PFQ model has improved transmission of ECG sensor data by decreasing delay and jitter in emergency cases by 83.32% and 75.88% respectively in comparison to FIFO and 46.65% and 60.13% with respect to WFQ model. Similarly, in pressure sensor the improvements were 82.41% and 71.5% and 68.43% and 73.36% in comparison to FIFO and WFQ respectively. Data transmission were also improved in the Glucose sensor by 80.85% and 64.7% and 92.1% and 83.17% in comparison to FIFO and WFQ respectively. However, non-emergency cases data transmission using PFQ model was negatively impacted and scored higher rates than FIFO and WFQ since PFQ tends to give higher priority to emergency cases. Thus, a derivative from the PFQ model has been developed to create a new version namely “Priority Based-Fair Queuing-Tolerated Delay” (PFQ-TD) to balance the data transmission between emergency and non-emergency cases where tolerated delay in emergency cases has been considered. PFQ-TD has succeeded in balancing fairly this issue and reducing the total average delay and jitter of emergency and non-emergency cases in all sensors and keep them within the acceptable allowable standards. PFQ-TD has improved the overall average delay and jitter in emergency and non-emergency cases among all sensors by 41% and 84% respectively in comparison to PFQ model

    Programmable probiotics for detection of cancer in urine

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    Rapid advances in the forward engineering of genetic circuitry in living cells has positioned synthetic biology as a potential means to solve numerous biomedical problems, including disease diagnosis and therapy. One challenge in exploiting synthetic biology for translational applications is to engineer microbes that are well tolerated by patients and seamlessly integrate with existing clinical methods. We use the safe and widely used probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 to develop an orally administered diagnostic that can noninvasively indicate the presence of liver metastasis by producing easily detectable signals in urine. Our microbial diagnostic generated a high-contrast urine signal through selective expansion in liver metastases (10[superscript 6]-fold enrichment) and high expression of a lacZ reporter maintained by engineering a stable plasmid system. The lacZ reporter cleaves a substrate to produce a small molecule that can be detected in urine. E. coli Nissle 1917 robustly colonized tumor tissue in rodent models of liver metastasis after oral delivery but did not colonize healthy organs or fibrotic liver tissue. We saw no deleterious health effects on the mice for more than 12 months after oral delivery. Our results demonstrate that probiotics can be programmed to safely and selectively deliver synthetic gene circuits to diseased tissue microenvironments in vivo.Ludwig Center for Molecular OncologyAmar G. Bose Research GrantSan Diego Center for Systems Biology (United States. National Institutes of Health Grant P50 GM085764)National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U.S.) (R01GM69811)National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (Koch Institute Support (Core) Grant P30-CA14051)National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Core Center Grant P30-ES002109)Misrock Foundation (Postdoctoral Fellowship)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award)Burroughs Wellcome Fund (Career Award at the Scientific Interface

    Lumir: The EHR-S In The Basilicata Region

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    The Lucania – Medici in Rete (LuMiR) project aims to support the changing environment in the Italian National Health Systems, embodying a shift from organisation-centric to patient-centric healthcare service delivery in the Basilicata Region. The project main objective is to foster collaborative, cross-organizational and patient-centric healthcare processes, with a suite of shared e-services supporting the interoperability of active stakeholders’ IT applications and the exchange of patient related clinical information. In the paper the LuMiR project approach and its aim to overcome some limitations of the EHR-S national recommendation are discussed. The methodology adopted in the design and development of the LuMiR system to comply with institutional constraints and to better support a gradual change in the daily working practice of healthcare professionals is described, together with details on the LuMiR system architecture and remarks on the interventions scheduled to cope with possible hindrances for the large scale adoption of the LuMiR system itself

    Identification of delivery models for the provision of predictive genetic testing in Europe: protocol for a multicentre qualitative study and a systematic review of the literature

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    Introduction: The appropriate application of genomic technologies in healthcare is surrounded by many concerns. In particular, there is a lack of evidence on what constitutes an optimal genetic service delivery model, which depends on the type of genetic test and healthcare context considered. The present project aims to identify, classify, and evaluate delivery models for the provision of predictive genetic testing in Europe and in selected Anglophone extra-European countries (the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand). It also sets out to survey the European public health community’s readiness to incorporate public health genomics into their practice. Materials and equipment: The project consists of (i) a systematic review of published literature and selected country websites, (ii) structured interviews with health experts on the genetic service delivery models in their respective countries, and (iii) a survey of European Public Health Association (EUPHA) members’ knowledge and attitudes toward genomics applications in clinical practice. The inclusion criteria for the systematic review are that articles be published in the period 2000–2015; be in English or Italian; and be from European countries or from Canada, the USA, Australia, or New Zealand. Additional policy documents will be retrieved from represented countries’ government-affiliated websites. The results of the research will be disseminated through the EUPHA network, the Italian Network for Genomics in Public Health (GENISAP), and seminars and workshops. Expected impact of the study on public health: The transfer of genomic technologies from research to clinical application is influenced not only by several factors inherent to research goals and delivery of healthcare but also by external and commercial interests that may cause the premature introduction of genetic tests in the public and private sectors. Furthermore, current genetic services are delivered without a standardized set of process and outcome measures, which makes the evaluation of healthcare services difficult. The present study will identify and classify delivery models and, subsequently, establish which are appropriate for the provision of predictive genetic testing in Europe by comparing sets of process and outcome measures. In this way, the study will provide a basis for future recommendations to decision makers involved in the financing, delivery, and consumption of genetic services

    What is eHealth?

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