15,121 research outputs found
Antecedent selection techniques for high-recall roreference resolution
We investigate methods to improve the recall in coreference resolution by also trying to resolve those definite descriptions where no earlier mention of the referent shares the same lexical head (coreferent bridging). The problem, which is notably harder than identifying coreference relations among mentions which have the same lexical head, has been tackled with several rather different approaches, and we attempt to provide a meaningful classification along with a quantitative comparison. Based on the different merits of the methods, we discuss possibilities to improve them and show how they can be effectively combined
Functional Neuroimaging Investigation of the Neural Mechanisms for Successful Feeling-of-Knowing Judgments
A feeling-of-knowing (FOK) is a sense of knowing that an item would be recognizable if seen again later, despite oneās current inability to recall that item from memory. An FOK judgment occurs after a memory search and is a prediction of future recognition. The current study aimed to: (1) determine the brain regions involved in successful (accurate) and unsuccessful (inaccurate) episodic FOKs; (2) replicate the ability of FOKs to predict recognition outcomes and recollection/know (R/K) judgments; (3) explore the different effects of familiarity and recollection on high and low FOKs; and (4) determine the effect of overlearning on FOKs and their ability to predict recognition and R/K outcomes. Nine younger adults (ages 18-26) participated in 2 experimental sessions (encoding and testing), separated by a 48-hour delay (n = 4 for fMRI data). The amount of exposure to the studied items (1 versus 3 presentations) was manipulated. Statistically significant results include (1) a repetition effect such that the words that were repeated during encoding have higher mean recall, mean FOK rating, mean recognition accuracy, and mean R/K than those words presented only once; (2) activity in the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) for successful or accurate FOKs; (3) activity in the anterior PFC for accurate high FOKs; and (4) activity in the PFC and anterior cingulate for correctly recognized and remembered items. In future, additional participants are necessary to conduct further and more detailed analyses.Hertzog, Chris - Faculty Mentor ; Schumacher, Eric - Committee Member/Second Reade
Economic Complexity Unfolded: Interpretable Model for the Productive Structure of Economies
Economic complexity reflects the amount of knowledge that is embedded in the
productive structure of an economy. It resides on the premise of hidden
capabilities - fundamental endowments underlying the productive structure. In
general, measuring the capabilities behind economic complexity directly is
difficult, and indirect measures have been suggested which exploit the fact
that the presence of the capabilities is expressed in a country's mix of
products. We complement these studies by introducing a probabilistic framework
which leverages Bayesian non-parametric techniques to extract the dominant
features behind the comparative advantage in exported products. Based on
economic evidence and trade data, we place a restricted Indian Buffet Process
on the distribution of countries' capability endowment, appealing to a culinary
metaphor to model the process of capability acquisition. The approach comes
with a unique level of interpretability, as it produces a concise and
economically plausible description of the instantiated capabilities
Skip-Thought Vectors
We describe an approach for unsupervised learning of a generic, distributed
sentence encoder. Using the continuity of text from books, we train an
encoder-decoder model that tries to reconstruct the surrounding sentences of an
encoded passage. Sentences that share semantic and syntactic properties are
thus mapped to similar vector representations. We next introduce a simple
vocabulary expansion method to encode words that were not seen as part of
training, allowing us to expand our vocabulary to a million words. After
training our model, we extract and evaluate our vectors with linear models on 8
tasks: semantic relatedness, paraphrase detection, image-sentence ranking,
question-type classification and 4 benchmark sentiment and subjectivity
datasets. The end result is an off-the-shelf encoder that can produce highly
generic sentence representations that are robust and perform well in practice.
We will make our encoder publicly available.Comment: 11 page
Overview of building information modelling in healthcare projects
In this paper, we explore how BIM functionalities together with novel
management concepts and methods have been utilized in thirteen hospital
projects in the United States and the United Kingdom. Secondary data collection
and analysis were used as the method. Initial findings indicate that the utilization
of BIM enables a holistic view of project delivery and helps to integrate project
parties into a collaborative process. The initiative to implement BIM must come
from the top down to enable early involvement of all key stakeholders. It seems
that it is rather resistance from people to adapt to the new way of working and
thinking than immaturity of technology that hinders the utilization of BIM
Design and semantics of form and movement (DeSForM 2006)
Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM) grew from applied research exploring emerging design methods and practices to support new generation product and interface design. The products and interfaces are concerned with: the context of ubiquitous computing and ambient technologies and the need for greater empathy in the pre-programmed behaviour of the āmachinesā that populate our lives. Such explorative research in the CfDR has been led by Young, supported by Kyffin, Visiting Professor from Philips Design and sponsored by Philips Design over a period of four years (research funding Ā£87k). DeSForM1 was the first of a series of three conferences that enable the presentation and debate of international work within this field: ā¢ 1st European conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM1), Baltic, Gateshead, 2005, Feijs L., Kyffin S. & Young R.A. eds. ā¢ 2nd European conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM2), Evoluon, Eindhoven, 2006, Feijs L., Kyffin S. & Young R.A. eds. ā¢ 3rd European conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement (DeSForM3), New Design School Building, Newcastle, 2007, Feijs L., Kyffin S. & Young R.A. eds. Philips sponsorship of practice-based enquiry led to research by three teams of research students over three years and on-going sponsorship of research through the Northumbria University Design and Innovation Laboratory (nuDIL). Young has been invited on the steering panel of the UK Thinking Digital Conference concerning the latest developments in digital and media technologies. Informed by this research is the work of PhD student Yukie Nakano who examines new technologies in relation to eco-design textiles
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