2,856 research outputs found

    Experimental Validation of a Marine Current Turbine Simulator: Application to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based System Second-Order Sliding Mode Control

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    This paper deals with the experimental validation of a Matlab-Simulink simulation tool of marine current turbine (MCT) systems. The developed simulator is intended to be used as a sizing and site evaluation tool for MCT installations. For that purpose, the simulator is evaluated within the context of speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous generatorbased (PMSG) MCT. To increase the generated power, and therefore the efficiency of an MCT, a nonlinear controller has been proposed. PMSG has been already considered for similar applications, particularly wind turbine systems using mainly PI controllers. However, such kinds of controllers do not adequately handle some of tidal resource characteristics such as turbulence and swell effects. Moreover, PMSG parameter variations should be accounted for. Therefore, a robust nonlinear control strategy, namely second-order sliding mode control, is proposed. The proposed control strategy is inserted in the simulator that accounts for the resource and the marine turbine models. Simulations using tidal current data from Raz de Sein (Brittany, France) and experiments on a 7.5-kW real-time simulator are carried out for the validation of the simulator.Thèse financée par Brest Métropole Océan

    Experimental Validation of a Marine Current Turbine Simulator: Application to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based System Second-Order Sliding Mode Control

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    This paper deals with the experimental validation of a Matlab-Simulink simulation tool of marine current turbine (MCT) systems. The developed simulator is intended to be used as a sizing and site evaluation tool for MCT installations. For that purpose, the simulator is evaluated within the context of speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous generatorbased (PMSG) MCT. To increase the generated power, and therefore the efficiency of an MCT, a nonlinear controller has been proposed. PMSG has been already considered for similar applications, particularly wind turbine systems using mainly PI controllers. However, such kinds of controllers do not adequately handle some of tidal resource characteristics such as turbulence and swell effects. Moreover, PMSG parameter variations should be accounted for. Therefore, a robust nonlinear control strategy, namely second-order sliding mode control, is proposed. The proposed control strategy is inserted in the simulator that accounts for the resource and the marine turbine models. Simulations using tidal current data from Raz de Sein (Brittany, France) and experiments on a 7.5-kW real-time simulator are carried out for the validation of the simulator.Thèse financée par Brest Métropole Océan

    Local weak observability conditions of sensorless AC drives

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    Alternating current (AC) electrical drive control without mechanical sensors is an active research topic. This paper studies the observability of both induction machine and synchronous machine sensorless drives. Observer-based sensorless techniques are known for their deteriorated performance in some operating conditions. An observability analysis of the machines helps understanding (and improving) the observer's behavior in the aforementioned conditions.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.0366

    Observability analysis of sensorless synchronous machine drives

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    This paper studies the local observability of synchronous machines using a unified approach. Recently, motion sensorless control of electrical drives has gained high interest. The main challenge for such a technology is the poor performance in some operation conditions. One interesting theory that helps understanding the origin of this problem is the observability analysis of nonlinear systems. In this paper, the observability of the wound-rotor synchronous machine is studied. The results are extended to other synchronous machines, adopting a unified analysis. Furthermore, a high-frequency injection-based technique is proposed to enhance the sensorless operation of the wound-rotor synchronous machine at standstill

    Open loop control of a stepping motor with step loss detection and stall detection using back-EMF based load angle estimation

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    Stepping motors are the most used electrical machines for low power positioning. The drive controls the machine so that the rotor performs a fixed angular displacement after each step command pulse. Counting the step command pulses enables open-loop positioning. The vast majority of the stepping motor systems is driven in open-loop. When the rotor hits an obstacle stall occurs. Step loss due to overload is another typical problem with stepping motor driven systems. Both phenomena are not detected in open-loop which causes loss of synchronism. In this paper, a sensorless load angle estimator is used to detect step loss and stall. This algorithm is based on the typical stepping motor drive algorithms and does not depend on mechanical load parameters. The method therefore has a broad industrial relevance

    PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine Flux Weakening Control for EV and HEV Applications

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    In this manuscript, a novel robust torque control strategy for Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine drives applied to electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles is presented. Conventional control techniques can highly depend on machine electrical parameters, leading to poor regulation under electrical parameters deviations or, in more serious cases, instabilities. Additionally, machine control can be lost if field weakening is not properly controlled and, as a consequence, uncontrolled regeneration is produced. Thus, advanced control techniques are desirable to guarantee electric vehicle drive controllability in the whole speed/torque operation range and during the whole propulsion system lifetime. In order to achieve these goals, a combination of a robust second order current based Sliding Mode Control and a Look- up Table/Voltage Constraint Tracking based hybrid Field Weakening control is proposed, improving the overall control algorithm robustness under parameter deviations. The proposed strategy has been validated experimentally in a full scale automotive test bench (51 kW prototype) for being further implemented in real hybrid and electric vehicles

    Application of Sliding Mode Controller and Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Controller to a PMSM Speed System

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    Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a popular electric machine in industry for its small volume, high electromagnetic torque, high reliability and low cost. It is broadly used in automobiles and aircrafts. However, PMSM has its inherent problems of nonlinearity and coupling, which are challenges for control systems design. In addition, the external disturbances such as load variation and noises could degrade the systems performance. Both sliding mode control (SMC) and active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) are robust against disturbances. They can also compensate the nonlinearity and couplings of the PMSM. Therefore, in this thesis, we apply both SMC and ADRC to a PMSM speed system. Our control goal is to drive the speed outputs of the PMSM speed system to reference signals in the presences of nonlinearity, disturbance, and parameter variations. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of SMC and ADRC on the speed control for PMSM systems in spite of the presences of external disturbance and internal system uncertaintie

    Multiphase PMSM and PMaSynRM flux map model with space harmonics and multiple plane cross harmonic saturation

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    © 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Multiphase Synchronous Machines vary in rotor construction and winding distribution leading to non-sinusoidal inductances along the rotor periphery. Moreover, saturation and cross-saturation effects make the precise modeling a complex task. This paper proposes a general model of multi-phase magnet-excited synchronous machines considering multi-dimensional space modeling and revealing cross-harmonic saturation. The models can predict multiphase motor behavior in any transient state, including startup. They are based on flux maps obtained from static 2D Finite-Element (FE) analysis. FE validations have been performed to confirm authenticity of the dynamic models of multiphase PMaSynRMs. Very close to FE precision is guaranteed while computation time is incomparably lower.Postprint (author's final draft

    Combined Traction and Energy Recovery Motor for Electric Vehicles

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    Electric vehicle manufacturers are looking for ways to optimize energy use for vehicle range extension and reduction of battery capacity. Electric motors have lower efficiencies at very low speed and high torque. This is typically at vehicle launch from standstill, at very low speeds, and during energy regeneration at lower speeds and approaching standstill. The KersTech solution is a breakthrough technology allowing supplement of the electric drive with a hydraulic drive, active in lower speeds ranges, dropping out as the electric motor takes over in its higher efficiency range of operation. The report consists of four parts. Part I presents novel the hybrid vehicle simulations in MATLAB. Both the Diesel-Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle and Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle have been simulated and compared in this report. Part II deals with the electrical system control design. Permanent magnet synchronous motors have been widely used in hybrid electric vehicle applications. Permanent magnet synchronous motors have a small size, high efficiency and high performance. This report presents a mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor. Power switching electronics are used to generate the desired voltage/current from DC source. A pulse width modulation technique controls the switching power electronic by creating a control signals which are applied to their gates. The whole circuit of the inverter based on space vector pulse width modulation is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and its results are presented. Field-oriented control is implemented via digital signal processors to control the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Clarke and Park transformations are applied to “abc coordinate frame of the permanent magnet synchronous motor model to get the “qd coordinate frame used in the field oriented control technique. Hence, the developed torque and the magnetizing the flux component are controlled separately. PI controller is used to control the motor speed and torque. PI controllers are designed using frequency response method and a symmetric optimum method. The whole system is simulated based on the mathematical model of PMSM and field oriented control method with designed PI controllers. Simulation results show the PMSM to have perfect dynamic response. A digital signal processor can be used to implement the field oriented control algorithms and compute the parameters in real time. Implementation of field oriented control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor shows that the motor has satisfactory response in terms of torque ripple and speed response. Nonlinear control, including Sliding Mode Controller and State Dependent Linear Matrix Inequality Controller, are also proposed as a powerful control technique to govern the speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in hybrid vehicle applications. In Part III, we discuss the hydraulic system design. Finally, in Part IV, the dSPACE hardware controller is used for the overall control system design
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