Indexing, browsing and searching of digital video

Video is a communications medium that normally brings together moving pictures with a synchronised audio track into a discrete piece or pieces of information. The size of a “piece ” of video can variously be referred to as a frame, a shot, a scene, a clip, a programme or an episode, and these are distinguished by their lengths and by their composition. We shall return to the definition of each of these in section 4 this chapter. In modern society, video is ver

Event Based Retrieval From Digital Libraries Containing Data Streams

The objective of this research is to study the issues involved in building a digital library that contains data streams and allows event-based retrieval. “Digital Libraries are storehouses of information available through the Internet that provide ways to collect, store, and organize data and make it accessible for search, retrieval, and processing” [29]. Data streams are sources of information for applications such as news-on-demand, weather services, and scientific research, to name a few. A data stream is a sequence of data units produced over a period of time. Examples of data streams are video streams, audio stream, and sensor readings. Saving data streams in digital libraries is advantageous because of the services provided by digital libraries such as archiving, preservation, administration, and access control. Events are noteworthy occurrences that happen during data streams. Events are easier to remember than specific time instances at which they occur; hence using them for retrieval is more commensurate with human behavior and can be more efficient via direct accessing instead of scanning. The focus of this research is not only on storing data streams in a digital library and using event-based retrieval, but also on relating streams and playing them back at the same time, possibly in a synchronized manner, to facilitate better understanding in research or other working situations. Our approach for this research starts by considering digital libraries for: stock market, news streams, census bureau statistics, weather, sports games, and the educational environment. For each of these applications, we form categories of possible users and the basic requirements for each of them. As a result, we identify a list of design goals that we take into consideration in developing the architecture of the library. To illustrate and validate our approach we implement a medical digital library containing actual Computed Tomography (CT) scan streams. It also contains sample medical text and audio streams to show the heterogeneity of the library. Streams are displayed in a concise, yet complete, way that makes it unproblematic for users to decide whether or not to playback a stream and to set playback options. The playback interface itself is organized in a way that accommodates synchronous and asynchronous streams and enables users to control the playback of these streams. We study the performance of the specialized search and retrieval processes in comparison to traditional search and retrieval processes. We conclude with a discussion on how to adapt the library to additional stream types in addition to suggesting other future efforts in this area

Digital Audio in the Library

An incomplete draft of a book intended to serve as a guide and reference for librarians who are responsible for implementing digital audio services in their libraries. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1, Digital Audio Technology, covers the fundamentals of recorded sound and digital audio, including a description of digital audio formats, how digital audio is delivered to the listener, and how digital audio is created. Part 2, Digital Audio in the Library, covers digitizing local collections, providing streaming audio reserves, and using digital audio to preserve analog recordings

Survey Report: Audio Branding Support Systems

Existing tools for use in audio branding are surveyed and typical core work steps are defined. Particular attention is paid to professional metaphors in use and intuitive usability which support audio branding communication, workflows, automation, monitoring and maintenance. Furthermore design of UIs which give representation support are examined in detail. Results are arranged into concrete requirements and recommendations for the project's tool developments.EC/H2020/688122/EU/Artist-to-Business-to-Business-to-Consumer Audio Branding System/ABC D

Archival time-based media : topologies of preservation and access

textThe analog time-based media of film, videotape, grooved sound recordings and audiotape have emerged as a growing area of concern for cultural institutions. Collectively, these media constitute a rich body of historical evidence and intangible cultural heritage whose varied physical and technological components incur a wide range of preservation needs. The current moment is also one where digitally-enabled technologies for migrating and sharing time-based media appear to hold infinite promise, even as the most vulnerable elements of the historical record embodied in moving images and recorded sound threaten to disappear. This study investigates the preservation of analog time-based media as it exists in local repositories. The study was formed in response to the needs of a specific collection of analog audio open reels containing music recorded at Houston's Andrus Studios dating from the 1960s and early 1970s, and to the task of finding an appropriate repository to acquire the collection. Physical, technological and intellectual aspects of time-based media are articulated in the literature review, study criteria and semi-structured interview questions employed for the study. The findings form a topology of preservation and access activities that exist in local repositories and that contribute to the sustainability of acquiring substantial collections of obsolete time-based media such as the Andrus Studios collection.Informatio

Best Practices for Cataloging Streaming Media Using RDA and MARC21

This document is intended to assist catalogers in creating records for streaming media according to instructions within Resource Description and Access (RDA), the successor to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2). Like the original Best Practices for Cataloging Streaming Media, made available in 2008, it covers both streaming video and audio, including those that are born digital, as well as those that are created from an existing resource in another format, such as a video issued on DVD or videocassette. Its main focus is on resources that are “streaming” over the Internet in real-time, rather than resources that are not (e.g., video on CD-ROM or DVD-ROM, MP3 files on compact disc). In addition, it includes some examples of online video and audio files that can be downloaded in their entirety to one’s local computer

Best Practices for Cataloging Streaming Media Using RDA and MARC21

This document is intended to assist catalogers in creating records for streaming media according to instructions within Resource Description and Access (RDA), the successor to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2)