Stratigraphical evidence of Elysium sea ice from HiRise images

Abstract not available

On-Line Sea Beam Acoustic Imaging

This paper describes a system designed and built at the Marine Physical Laboratory of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography to produce acoustic images of the seafloor on-line with a Sea Beammultibeam echo-sounder. This system uses a stand alone interface between the Sea Beam system and a grey-scale line-scan recorder. The interface is built around a Motorola 68000 microprocessor and has digitizing capabilities. It digitizes the detected echo signals from each of the 16 preformed beams inside the Sea Beam echo processor as well as the roll information given by the ship\u27s vertical reference. Theacoustic data are then roll compensated and combined into a port and a starboard time series. These time series are eventually output in digital format to a line-scan recorder which produces the grey scaleacoustic image. Results are discussed for Sea Beam acoustic images of the seafloor and of the Deep Scattering layers

High Resolution Current & Bathymetry Determined by Nautical X-Band Radar in Shallow Waters

The wave and current monitoring system WaMoS II is a remote sensing system based on a nautical X-Band radar generally used for navigation and ship traffic control. It has been used in recent years to monitor sea state information from moored platforms, coastal sites and moving vessels. A nautical radar can scan the sea surface over a large area (~ 10km2 ) with a high spatial (~7.5m) and temporal resolution (~2s). Directionalwave spectra and standard sea state parameters such as significant wave height, peak wave period and direction can be derived by analyzing the sea surface image sequences. Using the temporal and spatial evolution of the sea surface wave images it is also possible to determine high resolution current and bathymetry information. In the paper a brief introduction into the measuring principle of WaMoS II is given and results of a high resolution current and bathymetric mapping technique for shallow water areas (<20m) are presented. For validation these results are compared with model data and in-situ measurements

Satellite imagery and weather for the BESEX area, 15 February - 10 March 1973

The Bering Sea Experiment (BESEX) was conducted in February and March 1973 to study ice cover, sea state and zones of precipitation by means of airborne microwave radiometers over the Bering Sea. The images were computer processed from satellite data tapes. In processing the tapes, compensation was made for satellite attitude and altitude variations, as well as for image rectification. Visual imagery was taken in the 0.4 to 1.1-u range, and infrared imagery in the 8.0 to 13.0-u range

A nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of brine inclusions in Antarctic and artificial sea ice : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physics at Massey University

Additional images with the print copy held in the library.The aim of this thesis is to use Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques to examine the brine pockets in sea ice. Both the movement of the brine pockets within the ice, and the movement of the brine within the brine pockets is examined. The experiments are carried out using Earth's field NMR on sea ice in situ in Antarctica, and high field NMR equipment on artificially grown sea ice in New Zealand. The field work involved probe design, construction, and use. Investigations were carried out on brine content, and brine diffusion rates. The laboratory work involved growing realistic artificial sea ice, designing and constructing a temperature control system for the high field NMR machine, and carrying out experiments on the artificial sea ice samples. The brine pockets' morphology and distribution was examined. The brine and brine pocket movements over time, with a controlled temperature gradient, were also investigated. The results from the field work clearly showed multiple diffusion rates in sea ice, both faster and slower than that of water. The lab work showed that realistic sea ice had been grown, and that there was a migration of brine pockets in the direction of the temperature gradient

SEASAT views oceans and sea ice with synthetic aperture radar

Fifty-one SEASAT synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the oceans and sea ice are presented. Surface and internal waves, the Gulf Stream system and its rings and eddies, the eastern North Pacific, coastal phenomena, bathymetric features, atmospheric phenomena, and ship wakes are represented. Images of arctic pack and shore-fast ice are presented. The characteristics of the SEASAT SAR system and its image are described. Maps showing the area covered, and tables of key orbital information, and listing digitally processed images are provided

Image processing for smarter browsing of ocean color data products: investigating algal blooms

Remote sensing technology continues to play a significant role in the understanding of our environment and the investigation of the Earth. Ocean color is the water hue due to the presence of tiny plants containing the pigment chlorophyll, sediments, and colored dissolved organic material and so can provide valuable information on coastal ecosystems. We propose to make the browsing of Ocean Color data more efficient for users by using image processing techniques to extract useful information which can be accessible through browser searching. Image processing is applied to chlorophyll and sea surface temperature images. The automatic image processing of the visual level 1 and level 2 data allow us to investigate the occurrence of algal blooms. Images with colors in a certain range (red, orange etc.) are used to address possible algal blooms and allow us to examine the seasonal variation of algal blooms in Europe (around Ireland and in the Baltic Sea). Yearly seasonal variation of algal blooms in Europe based on image processing for smarting browsing of Ocean Color are presented

Earth

This lithograph depicts a view of Earth taken from Apollo 10 during its journey to the Moon in May 1969. False-color satellite images showing chlorophyll concentration, sea surface temperature, topography, and ozone concentration are also featured. The images are accompanied by a brief description, some statistical facts, and a list of important dates in the history of Earth exploration. Educational levels: Middle school, High school, Undergraduate lower division