1,845 research outputs found
Scheduled virtual topology design under periodic traffic in transparent optical networks
This paper investigates offline planning and scheduling in transparent optical networks for a given periodic traffic demand. The main objective is to minimize the number of transceivers needed which make up for the main network cost. We call this problem ldquoScheduled Virtual Topology Designrdquo and consider two variants: non-reconfigurable and reconfigurable equipment. We formulate both problems as exact MILPs (Mixed Integer Linear Programs). Due to their high complexity, we propose a more scalable tabu search heuristic approach, in conjunction with smaller MILP formulations for the associated subproblems. The main motivation of our research efforts is to assess the benefits of using reconfigurable equipment, realized as a reduction in the number of required transceivers. Our results show that the achieved reductions are not very significant, except for cases with large network loads and high traffic variability.The work described in this paper was carried out with the support of the
BONE-project ("Building the Future Optical Network in Europe”), a Network
of Excellence funded by the European Commission through the 7th ICTFramework
Programme, support of the MEC Spanish project TEC2007-
67966-01/TCM CONPARTE-1 and developed in the framework of "Programa
de Ayudas a Grupos de Excelencia de la Región de Murcia, de la Fundación
Séneca (Plan Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología 2007/2010).
Algorithms for virtual topology reconfiguration under multi-hour traffic using Lagrangian relaxation and Tabu Search approaches
Periodic reconfiguration of the virtual topology in transparent optical networks has been recently investigated as a mechanism to more efficiently adapt the network to predictable periodic traffic variations along the day or week. The scheduling of periodic reconfigurations should consider the trade-off between a lower network cost obtained through better resource allocation, and the undesired traffic disruptions that these reconfigurations may cause. This paper presents and compares two algorithms for planning virtual topology reconfiguration suitable for exploring this trade-off. The first is based on a Lagrangian relaxation of the planning problem, and the second is based on a Tabu Search meta-heuristic. The merits of both algorithms are compared
Virtual topology design and flow routing in optical networks under multi-hour traffic demand
This paper addresses the problem of finding a static
virtual topology design and flow routing in transparent optical
WDM networks under a time-varying (multi-hour) traffic
demand. Four variants of the problem are considered, using
fixed or dynamically adaptable (i.e., variable) flow routing,
which can be splittable or unsplittable. Our main objective is
to minimize the number of transceivers needed which make up
for the main network cost. We formulate the problem variants
as exact ILPs (Integer Linear Programs) and MILPs (Mixed
ILPs). For larger problem instances, we also propose a family
of heuristics based on the concept of domination between
traffic matrices. This concept provides the theoretical
foundations for a set of techniques proposed to reduce the
problem complexity. We present a lower bound to the network
cost for the case in which the virtual topology could be
dynamically reconfigured along time. This allows us to assess
the limit on the maximum possible benefit that could be
achieved by using optical reconfigurable equipment.
Extensive tests have been conducted, using both synthetically
generated and real-traced traffic demands. In the cases
studied, results show that combining variable routing with splittable flows obtains a significant, although moderate, cost
reduction. The maximum cost reduction achievable with
reconfigurable virtual topologies was shown to be negligible
compared to the static case in medium and high loads.The work described in this paper was
carried out with the support of the BONE project (“Building the Future Optical Network in Europe”); a Network of Excellence funded by the European Commission through the
7th ICT-Framework Program. This research has been partially supported by the projects from the Spanish Ministry Of Education TEC2007-67966-01/TCM CON-PARTE-1, and
TEC2008-02552-E, and it is also developed in the framework of the projects from Fundación Seneca (Regional Agency of Science and Technology of Region of Murcia ) 00002/CS/08
(FORMA) and "Programa de Ayudas a Grupos de Excelencia de la Región. de Murcia”, F. Séneca (Plan Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología 2007/2010)."
Scalable dimensioning of resilient Lambda Grids
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Resource Allocation for Periodic Traffic Demands in WDM Networks
Recent research has clearly established that holding-time-aware routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) schemes lead to significant improvements in resource utilization for scheduled traffic. By exploiting the knowledge of the demand holding times, this thesis proposes new traffic grooming techniques to achieve more efficient resource utilization with the goal of minimizing resources such as bandwidth, wavelength channels, transceivers, and energy consumption. This thesis also introduces a new model, the segmented sliding window model, where a demand may be decomposed into two or more components and each component can be sent separately. This technique is suitable for applications where continuous data transmission is not strictly required such as large file transfers for grid computing. Integer linear program (ILP) formulations and an efficient heuristic are put forward for resource allocation under the proposed segmented sliding window model. It is shown that the proposed model can lead to significantly higher throughput, even over existing holding-time-aware models
Heuristic for Lowering Electricity Costs for Routing in Optical Data Center Networks
Optical data centers consume a large quantity of energy and the cost of that energy has a significant contribution to the operational cost in data centers. The amount of electricity consumption in data centers and their related costs are increasing day by day. Data centers are geographically distributed all around the continents and the growing numbers of data replicas have made it possible to find more cost effective network routing. Besides flat-rate prices, today, there are companies which offers real-time pricing. In order to address the energy consumption cost problem, we propose an energy efficient routing scheme to find least cost path to the replicas based on real-time pricing model called energy price aware routing (EPAR). Our research considers anycast data transmission model to find the suitable replica as well as the fixed window traffic allocation model for demand request to reduce the energy consumption cost of data center networks
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