22,500 research outputs found
Canonical time-frequency, time-scale, and frequency-scale representations of time-varying channels
Mobile communication channels are often modeled as linear time-varying
filters or, equivalently, as time-frequency integral operators with finite
support in time and frequency. Such a characterization inherently assumes the
signals are narrowband and may not be appropriate for wideband signals. In this
paper time-scale characterizations are examined that are useful in wideband
time-varying channels, for which a time-scale integral operator is physically
justifiable. A review of these time-frequency and time-scale characterizations
is presented. Both the time-frequency and time-scale integral operators have a
two-dimensional discrete characterization which motivates the design of
time-frequency or time-scale rake receivers. These receivers have taps for both
time and frequency (or time and scale) shifts of the transmitted signal. A
general theory of these characterizations which generates, as specific cases,
the discrete time-frequency and time-scale models is presented here. The
interpretation of these models, namely, that they can be seen to arise from
processing assumptions on the transmit and receive waveforms is discussed. Out
of this discussion a third model arises: a frequency-scale continuous channel
model with an associated discrete frequency-scale characterization.Comment: To appear in Communications in Information and Systems - special
issue in honor of Thomas Kailath's seventieth birthda
Cornerstones of Sampling of Operator Theory
This paper reviews some results on the identifiability of classes of
operators whose Kohn-Nirenberg symbols are band-limited (called band-limited
operators), which we refer to as sampling of operators. We trace the motivation
and history of the subject back to the original work of the third-named author
in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and to the innovations in spread-spectrum
communications that preceded that work. We give a brief overview of the NOMAC
(Noise Modulation and Correlation) and Rake receivers, which were early
implementations of spread-spectrum multi-path wireless communication systems.
We examine in detail the original proof of the third-named author
characterizing identifiability of channels in terms of the maximum time and
Doppler spread of the channel, and do the same for the subsequent
generalization of that work by Bello.
The mathematical limitations inherent in the proofs of Bello and the third
author are removed by using mathematical tools unavailable at the time. We
survey more recent advances in sampling of operators and discuss the
implications of the use of periodically-weighted delta-trains as identifiers
for operator classes that satisfy Bello's criterion for identifiability,
leading to new insights into the theory of finite-dimensional Gabor systems. We
present novel results on operator sampling in higher dimensions, and review
implications and generalizations of the results to stochastic operators, MIMO
systems, and operators with unknown spreading domains
Efficient Fast-Convolution-Based Waveform Processing for 5G Physical Layer
This paper investigates the application of fast-convolution (FC) filtering
schemes for flexible and effective waveform generation and processing in the
fifth generation (5G) systems. FC-based filtering is presented as a generic
multimode waveform processing engine while, following the progress of 5G new
radio standardization in the Third-Generation Partnership Project, the main
focus is on efficient generation and processing of subband-filtered cyclic
prefix orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) signals. First, a
matrix model for analyzing FC filter processing responses is presented and used
for designing optimized multiplexing of filtered groups of CP-OFDM physical
resource blocks (PRBs) in a spectrally well-localized manner, i.e., with narrow
guardbands. Subband filtering is able to suppress interference leakage between
adjacent subbands, thus supporting independent waveform parametrization and
different numerologies for different groups of PRBs, as well as asynchronous
multiuser operation in uplink. These are central ingredients in the 5G waveform
developments, particularly at sub-6-GHz bands. The FC filter optimization
criterion is passband error vector magnitude minimization subject to a given
subband band-limitation constraint. Optimized designs with different guardband
widths, PRB group sizes, and essential design parameters are compared in terms
of interference levels and implementation complexity. Finally, extensive coded
5G radio link simulation results are presented to compare the proposed approach
with other subband-filtered CP-OFDM schemes and time-domain windowing methods,
considering cases with different numerologies or asynchronous transmissions in
adjacent subbands. Also the feasibility of using independent transmitter and
receiver processing for CP-OFDM spectrum control is demonstrated
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