8 research outputs found
Using MapReduce Streaming for Distributed Life Simulation on the Cloud
Distributed software simulations are indispensable in the study of large-scale life models but often require the use of technically complex lower-level distributed computing frameworks, such as MPI. We propose to overcome the complexity challenge by applying the emerging MapReduce (MR) model to distributed life simulations and by running such simulations on the cloud. Technically, we design optimized MR streaming algorithms for discrete and continuous versions of Conway’s life according to a general MR streaming pattern. We chose life because it is simple enough as a testbed for MR’s applicability to a-life simulations and general enough to make our results applicable to various lattice-based a-life models. We implement and empirically evaluate our algorithms’ performance on Amazon’s Elastic MR cloud. Our experiments demonstrate that a single MR optimization technique called strip partitioning can reduce the execution time of continuous life simulations by 64%. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose and evaluate MR streaming algorithms for lattice-based simulations. Our algorithms can serve as prototypes in the development of novel MR simulation algorithms for large-scale lattice-based a-life models.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/scs_books/1014/thumbnail.jp
STACO - An Accounting Configuration Architecture for Multi-Service Mobile Networks
Accounting is a key task in commercial networks.
With the increasing number of IP-based services and mobility
support, accounting needs to evolve towards an integrated,
service-oriented accounting approach in a mobile environment.
Therefore, this dissertation digest paper presents the Serviceoriented
Tailored Accounting Configuration (STACO)
architecture that enables a service-oriented accounting
configuration management in a mobile, multi-domain networking
environment. Additionally, it presents the Diameter flow
accounting application as an extension to the Diameter protocol in
order to integrate IP flow accounting into any Diameter-based
infrastructure and to support an efficient transfer of IP flow
records.
Keywords–Accounting, Accounting Configuration, Mobility, IP
Flow Accounting, Diameter, IPFIX
Global Climate Policy Beyond Nation-State Actors
Internationale Kooperation zur Vermeidung von gefährlichem anthropogenen Klimawandel erweist sich als sehr komplex. Viele Schwierigkeiten, ein verbindliches internationales Abkommen mit ausreichenden Reduktionszielen zu erreichen, sind augenscheinlich und werden in bestehender ökonomischer Literatur ausführlich diskutiert. Es entstehen allerdings stetig neue Ansätze und Ideen um Klimakooperation zu fördern. Diese Arbeit untersucht neue Wege der internationalen Klimakooperation und erweitert den Horizont der spieltheoretischen Forschung zu internationalen Umweltabkommen um Ansätze aus der Global Governance, politischen Ökonomie und Außenhandelspolitik. Zudem wird die Übertragbarkeit spieltheoretischer Erkenntnisse aus der Forschung zum Klimaschutz für die transnationale Klimaanpassung diskutiert. Die Arbeit fundiert in großen Teilen auf analytisch-spieltheoretischer Modellierung. In der zu Grunde liegenden Spielstruktur entscheiden Länder anfangs, ob sie einer internationalen Koalition beitreten oder nicht. Anschließend wählen die Koalitionsmitglieder ihr Emissionsniveau in einem Spiel zwischen der Koalition und den Nichmitgliedern. In diesem Analyserahmen wird die Option mehrerer gleichzeitig parallel existierender Klimaklubs auf ihr Potenzial zur Verbesserung der Zusammenarbeit und Emissionsminderung untersucht. Darüber hinaus wird der Einfluss von politischen Interessengruppen (Lobbys), die die Interessen von Industrie und Umweltverbänden vertreten, auf die Stabilität internationaler Umweltabkommen analysiert. Dies geschieht durch eine politökonomische Ergänzung des Grundmodells. Die Eignung von Handelssanktionen als Mittel zur Förderung der internationalen Kooperation für den Klimaschutz wird ebenfalls in einem analytischen Model untersucht und die Auswirkungen dieser Maßnahmen anschließend in einem angewandten allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodell quantifiziert.International cooperation to avoid dangerous anthropogenic climate change has proven to be very hard to achieve. The difficulties to reach a binding international agreement with sufficient reduction targets are evident and extensively discussed in the economic literature.
Nevertheless, new ideas towards cooperation are evolving. This thesis offers an exploration
of new avenues to international climate cooperation, widening the scope of game theoretic
research on international environmental agreements towards global governance literature, political economy and trade. It also extends the potential applicability of the findings from the game theoretic literature on international environmental agreements for climate change mitigation as it discusses potential insights for cases of transnational climate adaptation.
The analysis is based on analytical theoretical modelling, using a game theoretical model in which countries first choose between joining and not joining an international coalition. Then
the coalition members choose their level of emissions cooperatively in a game between the
coalition and the outsiders.
It includes the possibility of multiple parallel climate clubs, focusing on their potential to enhance cooperation and emissions abatement. Further, the influence of political pressure
groups (lobbies) that represent the interests of the industry and environmentalists on the stability of international environmental agreements is examined. This is done by augmenting the basic model of international environmental agreements with a politico-economic model of political contributions. The potential of trade sanctions to induce international cooperation for climate protection is assessed in an analytical model and the effects of these trade measures are then quantified in a static multi-region, multi-sector computable general equilibrium model of globaltrade and energy
PENERAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN MANAJEMEN LABA
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh mekanisme good
corporate governance yang terdiri dari kepemilikan institusional, dewan komisaris
independen, ukuran dewan komisaris dan komite audit terhadap manajemen laba pada
perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode penelitian: kami menggunakan
panel data analisis dengan melakukan pemilihan sample antara time series dan cross section.
Metode pemilihan sample pada penelitian ini digunakan metode purposive sampling. Besaran
sample yang dihasilkan adalah 48 amatan yang terdiri dari 12 perusahaan untuk periode 2013
sampai 2015. Sampel diambil Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, menggunakan
data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan yang disajikan pada periode 2013-2015. Teknik
analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda dengan sebelumnya
melakukan uji asumsi klasik. Hasil uji asumsi klasik menunjukkan bahwa data penelitian
terbebas dari asumsi normalitas, heteroskedastisitas, autokorelasi dan multikolinearitas.
Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa (1) kepemilikan institusional
tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, (2) dewan komisaris independen tidak
berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, (3) ukuran dewan komisaris berpengaruh
positif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, (4) komite audit tidak berpengaruh signifikan
terhadap manajemen laba
COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Acceptance in Ethnic Minority Individuals in the United Kingdom: a mixed-methods study using Protection Motivation Theory
Background: Uptake of the COVID-19 booster vaccine among ethnic minority individuals has been lower than in the general population. However, there is little research examining the psychosocial factors that contribute to COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy in this population.Aim: Our study aimed to determine which factors predicted COVID-19 vaccination intention in minority ethnic individuals in Middlesbrough, using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, in addition to demographic variables.Method: We used a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data were collected using an online survey. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews. 64 minority ethnic individuals (33 females, 31 males; mage = 31.06, SD = 8.36) completed the survey assessing PMT constructs, COVID-19conspiracy beliefs and demographic factors. 42.2% had received the booster vaccine, 57.6% had not. 16 survey respondents were interviewed online to gain further insight into factors affecting booster vaccineacceptance.Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 was a significant predictor of booster vaccination intention, with higher perceived susceptibility being associated with higher intention to get the booster. Additionally, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs significantly predictedintention to get the booster vaccine, with higher conspiracy beliefs being associated with lower intention to get the booster dose. Thematic analysis of the interview data showed that barriers to COVID-19 booster vaccination included time constraints and a perceived lack of practical support in the event ofexperiencing side effects. Furthermore, there was a lack of confidence in the vaccine, with individuals seeing it as lacking sufficient research. Participants also spoke of medical mistrust due to historical events involving medical experimentation on minority ethnic individuals.Conclusion: PMT and conspiracy beliefs predict COVID-19 booster vaccination in minority ethnic individuals. To help increase vaccine uptake, community leaders need to be involved in addressing people’s concerns, misassumptions, and lack of confidence in COVID-19 vaccination