Enrichment of the DBpedia NIF dataset

DBpedia je komunitní úsilí založené na davu, jehož cílem je získávat informace z ˇclánk°u Wikipedie a poskytovat tyto informace ve strojovˇe ˇcitelném formátu. Datový soubor DBpedia NIF poskytuje obsah všech ˇclánk°u Wikipedie ve 128 jazycích. Koneˇcným cílem práce je obohatit datovou sadu o další informace, jejichž hlavní výzvou je velikost datové sady. Implementace spoˇcívá v pˇredbˇežném zpracování souboru dat oddˇelením obsahu jednotlivých ˇclánk°u Wikipedie do samostatných soubor°u, protože soubor dat NIF obsahuje obsah všech ˇclánk°u v jednom obrovském souboru. Pˇredbˇežné zpracování textu napomáhá k využití datové sady pro školení r°uzných úloh zpracování pˇrirozeného jazyka. Po provedení následuje provedení NLP úkol°u, a to rozdˇelení vˇet, Tokenizace, ˇcást znaˇckování ˇreˇci. Nakonec pˇrisp ˇet do komunity DBpedia pˇridáním dalších odkaz°u na ˇclánky wikipedia. Koneˇcnˇe, vyhodnocení výsledk°u a kontrola správnosti výsledk°u statisticky.DBpedia is a crowd-sourced community effort which aims at extracting information from Wikipedia articles and providing this information in a machine-readable format. DBpedia NIF dataset provides the content of all Wikipedia articles in 128 languages. The ultimate goal of the thesis is to enrich the dataset with additional information where the main challenge is the size of the dataset. The implementation comprises of pre-processing the dataset by segregating the contents of individual Wikipedia articles into separate files, as the NIF dataset comprises the contents of all the articles in one huge file. The text pre-processing helps in order to use the dataset for training different Natural language processing tasks. The implementation is followed by performing NLP tasks namely sentence splitting, Tokenization, Part of speech tagging. Eventually contribute to the DBpedia community by adding additional links to the wikipedia articles. Finally, evaluating the results and checking the correctness of the results statistically

Role of stage gates in effective knowledge sharing during the product development process

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2002."February 2002."Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-139).Premise of the thesis is that in today's knowledge economy, competitive advantage comes from effective use of corporate knowledge. This thesis compares and contrasts current practices for knowledge sharing in Xerox with an idealized model of best practices for knowledge sharing. The study explores the hypothesis that stage gates in a product development process are important for sharing corporate knowledge across functions and organizations, and that the product development process itself serves as an infrastructure for knowledge sharing. This study involved an analysis of knowledge sharing practices during stage gates reviews and how they evolved over time after stage-gate reviews. To develop an idealized model of best practices for knowledge sharing, experts of knowledge management in academia and industry were interviewed, and an extensive literature review was completed. This served as a backdrop for analysis in the case study at Xerox. The case study at Xerox utilized a personal interview approach complemented by a survey through electronic mail, and assessment was done against the idealized model of best practices for knowledge sharing. Twenty-six senior managers at Xerox were interviewed/surveyed. Strengths of Xerox in knowledge sharing and areas of improvements were identified. Using open ended questions, a holistic view for the scope of Xerox efforts, as well as the depth and quality of the best practices during the product development process was compiled. Using Carlile's knowledge boundary framework and boundary objects, attempt was done to transform engineering knowledge from one domain to another. This framework also served as a basis for suggestions for future improvements in knowledge sharing at Xerox in the areas of improvements identified through the interviews/surveys. Though any single company has not discovered the mantra for knowledge management and sharing; several good practices, which were consistently enablers of perceived success, were identified. The effective enablers towards knowledge sharing were a synergistic gathering of "common sense" items such as morale, trust, common goals, value and criticality of knowledge, diversity, and structure, rewards/recognition, support and knowledge initiatives along multiple fronts. It was discovered, that the product managers perceive that Xerox has considerable success in promoting a knowledge culture and has an effective product development process. It was also found that knowledge boundary framework and boundary objects serve as a good vehicle to explain the difficulty of knowledge sharing across functional and organizational boundaries. Engineering tools such as critical parameter management could benefit by a uniform, standardized approach to bringing together subject matter experts from various domains and creating the environment for creating new knowledge and innovations. Systems processes like the Xerox platform approach, where the systems architecture is composed of common platform elements, and core competencies in the development of reusable components for the platform elements are the basis for the Xerox product development process. Using the knowledge acquired through practical experience and education and taking a holistic view of the product development process as the boundary framework for knowledge transfer, we used the eCPM (Engineering Critical Parameter Management Tool) to translate knowledge from a domain expert in mechanical engineering to a common semantic base for transformation into the domain of software engineering. Specific tacit knowledge on what makes a parameter critical and how it plays a role in mechanical aspects in the design of Xerox devices, such as the system itself, media and motion path, marker path and the control and image path, as well as how to control these designs is to be transformed into the domain of software engineering. It was found that use of the eCPM tool to develop similar meaning of parameters for tuning software resources such as CPU speeds, memory utilization and performance is possible. Attempt to create new knowledge in the domain of software will be proceeding with a larger number of domain experts. Specific new knowledge in establishment of which software parameters to be labeled as critical (versus design parameters allocated and controlled via Input /Output/ Constraint values), which parameters should be system control parameters (those which span over multiple subsystems, and have latitudes within which to be tweaked in various sub-systems), the failure modes and latitudes for the failure modes will be part of future work. This will be part of a knowledge sharing and management framework proposed in the thesis because of the diagnostic analysis done of the current state at Xerox.by Tulsi D. Ramchandani.S.M

Evidence-based practice in the occupational therapy profession in South Africa and the Western Cape

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-276).Research from upper-income countries has revealed the difficulties occupational therapists experience in implementing evidence-based practice (EBP). This thesis investigated the state of EBP in occupational therapy in South Africa and evaluated the effectiveness of two EBP educational interventions. The research consisted of three linked studies: a national cross-sectional survey of 436 registered occupational therapists; the development of a questionnaire and audit checklist to evaluate EBP knowledge, attitudes and behaviour; and a randomised controlled trial that tested whether an interactive educational intervention (IE) was more effective than a didactic one (DE) for improving EBP knowledge, attitudes and behaviour in occupational therapists

Approximation in Morphology

This Special Issue "Approximation in Morphology" has been collated from peer-reviewed papers presented at the ApproxiMo 'discontinuous' workshop (2022), which was held online between December 2021 and May 2022, and organized by Francesca Masini (Bologna), Muriel Norde (Berlin) and Kristel Van Goethem (Louvain)

BDEEP vA4: The Conservative Government and the End of Empire, 1957-1964

The British Documents on the End of Empire Project (BDEEP) is an initiative of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London. Established in 1987 under the auspices of the British Academy, the Project has since published 18 volumes containing an annotated selection of official documents from the UK National Archives, charting British withdrawal from its colonial territories. Electronic versions of these volumes have been made available with the support of The Stationary Office. Series A Volume 4 on 'The Conservative Government and the End of Empire, 1957-1964' was published in 2000 in two parts, edited by Ronald Hyam and Wm Roger Louis