Filtered colimit elimination from Birkhoff's variety theorem

Birkhoff's variety theorem, a fundamental theorem of universal algebra, asserts that a subclass of a given algebra is definable by equations if and only if it satisfies specific closure properties. In a generalized version of this theorem, closure under filtered colimits is required. However, in some special cases, such as finite-sorted equational theories and ordered algebraic theories, the theorem holds without assuming closure under filtered colimits. We call this phenomenon "filtered colimit elimination," and study a sufficient condition for it. We show that if a locally finitely presentable category $\mathscr{A}$ satisfies a noetherian-like condition, then filtered colimit elimination holds in the generalized Birkhoff's theorem for algebras relative to $\mathscr{A}$.Comment: 22 page

C*-Algebras over Topological Spaces: Filtrated K-Theory

We define the filtrated K-theory of a C*-algebra over a finite topological space X and explain how to construct a spectral sequence that computes the bivariant Kasparov theory over X in terms of filtrated K-theory. For finite spaces with totally ordered lattice of open subsets, this spectral sequence becomes an exact sequence as in the Universal Coefficient Theorem, with the same consequences for classification. We also exhibit an example where filtrated K-theory is not yet a complete invariant. We describe a space with four points and two C*-algebras over this space in the bootstrap class that have isomorphic filtrated K-theory but are not KK(X)-equivalent. For this particular space, we enrich filtrated K-theory by another K-theory functor, so that there is again a Universal Coefficient Theorem. Thus the enriched filtrated K-theory is a complete invariant for purely infinite, stable C*-algebras with this particular spectrum and belonging to the appropriate bootstrap class.Comment: Changes to theorem and equation numbering