3,402 research outputs found

    Research-driven translation teaching : doing applied linguistics to empower the learning organisation

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    This chapter considers a transversal approach to research-driven teaching, exploring how research at the IUED Institute of Translation and Interpreting at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences has fed into didactic and action research initiatives in an attempt to narrow the theory-practice divide in translator and language-mediator education. After discussing process-oriented and situated methods in translation teaching, it presents research initiatives designed to investigate learning effects among the various actors involved. Moving from curricular and expertise development to the learning organisation itself, it concludes by situating the initiatives within a recent fractal model of co-emergent learning

    USING SFG TO ANALYZE AUTHORIAL EMPHASIZERS AND PROPOSITIONAL INTENSIFIERS: A COMPARISON OF ALBANIAN AND ITALIAN ACADEMIC WRITING

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    Modality expresses high probability and total degree through boosters (Halliday 1985,Holmes 1990). Through them, writers reinforce statements with the assurance of reliableknowledge (cf. Hyland 1998b). This study compares the usage of boosting emphasizers (e.g. certainly) and intensifiers (e.g. completely) (cf. Quirk et al. 1985) and their orientation and manifestation (cf. Halliday & Matthiessen 2014) in Albanian and Italian student academic writings in L1 and English as an L2. I compiled an Italian and an Italian English corpus (around 3 million words each) as well as an Albanian corpus (around 2.2 million words) and Albanian English one (around 700,000 words). The corpora are comparable in terms of genre, disciplinary domain, gender and the division of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ sciences. Since very little research has been conducted on academic writing in Albania (Toska 2015), it is essential to initiate research in this field. The results showed that boosters were significantly favored in Italian and Italian English and less favored in Albanian. Conclusively, Italians show more commitment than Albanians

    Linguistics at the end of the Baconian Age, or: Five essentials of ecolinguistics

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    A ecolinguĂ­stica atual Ă© polifĂŽnica, mas, apesar disso, hĂĄ cinco pontos essenciais compartilhados por muitos pesquisadores que eu acho que estĂŁo errados. Minha opiniĂŁo Ă© a seguinte:   o essencial na linguĂ­stica: O Ășnico objetivo razoĂĄvel da ecolinguĂ­stica Ă© o progresso na linguĂ­stica. Eu nĂŁo consigo ver que isso esteja sendo decididamente a linha geral de investigação. Frequentemente esse nĂŁo Ă© o caso, em absoluto. o essencial na ecologia: O estado real da teoria ecolĂłgica precisa ser tido como um padrĂŁo. Ele se ampliou a partir de suas bases biolĂłgicas, mas nĂŁo na ecolinguĂ­stica atual. o essencial na polĂ­tica: O fato de a ecolinguĂ­stica fazer uma transição do pensar para o agir como Ășnico problema acadĂȘmico Ă© uma posição demasiadamente estreita. O papel da sociedade civil Ă© essencial. o essencial na ciĂȘncia: A situação da terra requer uma mudança cientĂ­fica fundamental; a maioria dos ecolinguistas nĂŁo reflete o meta-nĂ­vel suficientemente. Para mim, esse Ă© o erro central. o essencial na linguagem: HĂĄ um fosso imenso entre o cultivo da diversidade linguĂ­stica e a prĂĄtica do “Somente o inglĂȘs” vista na ecolinguĂ­stica de nossos dias. Eu acho que essa prĂĄtica estĂĄ errada. Na minha opiniĂŁo, as posiçÔes predominantes da ecolinguĂ­stica atual sobre todos esses nĂ­veis estĂŁo erradas. E elas interagem. Na minha conferĂȘncia eu comentarei todos eles, enfatizando as interconexĂ”es. Para mim, trata-se de uma importante questĂŁo de racionalidade. Toda boa ciĂȘncia deve refletir a interconectividade de objeto-nĂ­veis e meta-nĂ­veis. NĂŁo pode haver nenhuma avaliação racional de uma questĂŁo individual sem uma disposição constante para alternar entre esses nĂ­veis. Para entender minha posição, aqui estĂŁo algumas informaçÔes autobiogrĂĄficas prĂ©vias: estudo de filosofia da linguagem e da ciĂȘncia em Göttingen, Heidelberg e Oxford; primeira tese ecolinguĂ­stica em inglĂȘs (Nonempirical Linguistics 'LinguĂ­stica nĂŁo empĂ­rica', incompleta, 1967/1968, em Oxford); encontro com P. F. Strawson e N. Chomsky. Doença durante alguns anos, sendo as publicaçÔes seguintes em alemĂŁo. Nova tese em Göttingen em 1976 sobre a teoria da ciĂȘncia, incluindo o capĂ­tulo "Talking in the New Paradigm"). Livre-DocĂȘncia (Habilitation) em 1979, em Bielefeld. Titular (chair) em teoria da ciĂȘncia em Bielefeld, a partir de 1982. A Teoria EcolinguĂ­stica dos Sistemas-LĂ­ngua-Mundo a partir de 1982 leva à fundação da Escola de Bielefeld. Desapontado com muitos desenvolvimentos ecolinguĂ­sticos, a prĂĄtica do "Somente InglĂȘs" da ciĂȘncia institucionalizada e a piora da situação da terra, de 2000 em diante eu mudei o foco principal de meu trabalho para a crĂ­tica e a polĂ­tica da ciĂȘncia. Aposentei-me voluntariamente em 2005 devido a uma sĂ©ria crĂ­tica à polĂ­tica da ciĂȘncia alemĂŁ

    The Prague School and Theories of Structure

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    Diese Reihe untersucht Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede von Natur- und Geisteswissenschaftlichen. Das Konzept des »Einflusses« bzw. des »gegenseitigen Einflusses« soll zugunsten eines dynamischeren Konzepts des »Interfacing« (Verbindung/Vernetzung) hinterfragt werden. Ein grundlegender Ausgangspunkt ist die Erkenntnis, dass die beiden WissenssphĂ€ren, die geistes- und die naturwissenschaftliche, hĂ€ufig zur gleichen Zeit neue Untersuchungsmodelle entwickeln und damit auf komplexe wissenschaftliche und kulturelle PhĂ€nomene reagieren. Das Konzept des »Interfacing« impliziert eine integrierte Sicht neuer Wissensgebiete in neuen Kontexten. Nicht lĂ€nger an der traditionellen Vorstellung von »Ursache und Wirkung« gebunden, impliziert der Isomorphismus Gleichzeitigkeit statt KonsequentialitĂ€t. Nicht immer beeinflusst die eine SphĂ€re die andere; Isomorphismus impliziert gemeinsame Entdeckungen, durch die beide Bereichen zur gleichen Zeit neue investigative Modelle und Darstellungssysteme entwickeln. Dialog und gegenseitiges VerstĂ€ndnis zwischen den beiden sogenannten »zwei Kulturen« werden so stimuliert. Wichtige Forschungsbereiche sind Interfacing-Modelle und Paradigmen in den Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften, kulturell bedingte Darstellungen von Naturwissenschaft und Technologie, wissenschaftliche Entdeckungen und narrative Diskurse, Lebenserinnerungen von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern, das Überschreiten von Grenzen zwischen Natur- und Geisteswissenschaft durch Lernen sowie die Bereicherung der Geisteswissenschaften durch angewandte Naturwissenschaften, einschließlich der Informationstechnologien. Die Reihe umfasst sowohl Monographien als auch Essaysammlungen in englischer, deutscher, französischer und italienischer Sprache. Das Nebeneinander verschiedener Sprachen zeugt von der Intention von Herausgeberschaft und wissenschaftlichem Beirats, ein integriertes Wissen aus europĂ€ischer Perspektive herauszubilden

    Coptic SCRIPTORIUM: Digitizing a Corpus for Interdisciplinary Research in Ancient Egyptian

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    Coptic, having evolved from the language of the hieroglyphs of the pharaonic era, represents the last phase of the Egyptian language and is pivotal for a wide range of disciplines, such as linguistics, biblical studies, the history of Christianity, Egyptology, and ancient history. The Coptic language has proven essential for the decipherment and continued study of Ancient Egyptian and is of major interest for Afro-Asiatic linguistics and Coptic linguistics in its own right. Coptic manuscripts are sources for biblical and extra-biblical texts and document ancient and Christian history. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM will advance knowledge in these fields by increasing access to now largely inaccessible texts of historical, religious, and linguistic significance. The project designs digital tools and methodologies and applies them to literary texts, creating a rich open-access corpus

    Herstellung eines Phaffia rhodozyma : Stamms mit verstĂ€rkter Astaxanthin-Synthese ĂŒber gezielte genetische Modifikation chemisch mutagenisierter StĂ€mme

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    Ziel dieser Arbeit war es erstmals durch eine Kombination aus chemischer Mutagenese und gezielter genetischer Modifikation (hier: „metabolic engineering“) einen Phaffia-Stamm herzustellen, welcher ĂŒber die Mutagenese hinaus ĂŒber eine weiter verstĂ€rkte Astaxanthin-Synthese verfĂŒgt. Die von „DSM Nutritional Products“ bereitgestellten chemischen Mutanten wurden analysiert und ĂŒber einen Selektionsprozess auf PigmentstabilitĂ€t und Wachstum hin optimiert, da die StĂ€mme aus cryogenisierter Dauerkultur starke PigmentinstabilitĂ€ten und ein verzögertes Wachstum aufwiesen. Über eine exploratorische Phase wurde die Carotinoidsynthese analysiert und festgestellt, dass in den Mutanten keine Einzelreaktionen betroffen sind, welche fĂŒr die Heraufregulierung der Carotinoidsynthese in den Mutanten verantwortlich sind. Hierbei wurden Limitierungen identifiziert und diese durch Transformation von Expressionsplasmiden mit geeigneten Genen aufgehoben, um damit eine noch effizientere Metabolisierung von Astaxanthin-Vorstufen hin zu Astaxanthin zu erreichen. Eine Überexpression der Phytoensynthase/Lycopinzyklase crtYB resultierte in einem gesteigerten Carotinoidgehalt bei gleichbleibendem Astaxanthin- Anteil. Durch eine zweite Transformation mit einer Expressionskassette fĂŒr die Astaxanthin-Synthase asy konnte der Carotinoidgehalt weiter gesteigert und zusĂ€tzlich eine Limitierung der Metabolisierung von Astaxanthin-Vorstufen behoben werden, sodass die Transformante nahezu alle Intermediate der Astaxanthinsynthese zu Astaxanthin metabolisieren konnte (Gassel et al. 2013). Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass auch in den Mutanten, aus Experimenten mit dem Wildtyp bekannte, Limitierungen identifiziert und ausgeglichen werden konnten

    Coptic SCRIPTORIUM:A Corpus, Tools, and Methods for Corpus Linguistics and Computational Historical Research in Ancient Egypt

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    Coptic, having evolved from the language of the hieroglyphs of the pharaonic era, represents the last phase of the Egyptian language and is pivotal for a wide range of disciplines, such as linguistics, biblical studies, the history of Christianity, Egyptology, and ancient history. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM provides the first open-source technologies for computational and digital research across the disciplines as applied to Egyptian texts. The project is developing a digitized corpus of Coptic texts available in multiple formats and visualizations (including TEI XML), tools to analyze and process the language (e.g., the first Coptic part-of-speech tagger), a database with search and visualization capabilities, and a collaborative platform for scholars to contribute texts and annotations and to conduct research. The technologies and corpus will function as a collaborative environment for digital research by any scholars working in Coptic

    Jewish Studies in the Digital Age

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    The digitisation boom of the last two decades, and the rapid advancement of digital tools to analyse data in myriad ways, have opened up new avenues for humanities research. This volume discusses how the so-called digital turn has affected the field of Jewish Studies, explores the current state of the art and probes how digital developments can be harnessed to address the specific questions, challenges and problems in the field
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