Human Factors Compatibility Concerns in the Selection of Display Technologies for Computer and Data Terminals

Human factors considerations are often overlooked in the selection of electronic computer displays. When cost is used as the only determining factor, the resulting product may not be commercially successful because of an inadequate display. To help avoid this situation, designers and users should be aware of the various factors involved in proper display selection. These factors were developed by a synthesis of existing scientific and industrial literature on the subject and are explained in this paper. The first factor is a basic knowledge of the structure, characteristics, and function of the human visual system. The theory of sight, anatomy of the eye, visual perception, and photometric and nonphotometric parameters are covered. The human factors elements of visual response comprise the second factor. The adverse effects of display use as well as ergonomic standards, fonts, color, modes, and the use of status indicators are discussed. The last factor concerns displays. The various available and projected technologies along with comparisons, and applications are presented. Display evaluation criteria are listed to provide guidelines for proper selection

SELECTION VERSUS REJECTION: THE ROLE OF TASK FRAMING IN DECISION MAKING

Procedure invariance is a basic assumption of rational theories of choice, however, it has been shown to be violated: Different response modes, or task frames, sometimes reveal opposite preferences. This study focused on selection and rejection task frames, involving a unique type of problem with enriched and impoverished options, which has led to conflicting findings and theoretical explanations. On the one hand, greater preference has been found for the enriched option in the selection task than in the rejection task; this result is explained by a compatibility account, in which the positive features of the enriched option are more compatible with the selection task and the negative features with the rejection task (Shafir, 1993). On the other hand, it has been found that this preference difference in the two tasks interacts with the relative attractiveness of the two options: The enriched option is preferred more (less) often in the selection task than in the rejection task when it is more (less) attractiveness than the impoverished option; this finding is attributed to the accentuation of difference between options in the selection task, as stated in the accentuation account (Wedell, 1997)