Predicting Cost/Reliability/Maintainability of Advanced General Aviation Avionics Equipment

A methodology is provided for assisting NASA in estimating the cost, reliability, and maintenance (CRM) requirements for general avionics equipment operating in the 1980's. Practical problems of predicting these factors are examined. The usefulness and short comings of different approaches for modeling coast and reliability estimates are discussed together with special problems caused by the lack of historical data on the cost of maintaining general aviation avionics. Suggestions are offered on how NASA might proceed in assessing cost reliability CRM implications in the absence of reliable generalized predictive models

Automatic assembly design project 1968/9 :|breport of economic planning committee

Investigations into automatic assembly systems have been carried out. The conclusions show the major features to be considered by a company operating the machine to assemble the contact block with regard to machine output and financial aspects. The machine system has been shown to be economically viable for use under suitable conditions, but the contact block is considered to be unsuitable for automatic assembly. Data for machine specification, reliability and maintenance has been provided

Aeronautical Engineering: A special bibliography with indexes, supplement 64, December 1975

This bibliography lists 288 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in November 1975

RELIABILITY BASED PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT ON MECHANICAL MAIN SYSTEM USING RELIABILITY AVAILABILITY MAINTAINABILITY (RAM) ANALYSIS METHOD AND BLOCKSIM 9.0 AT PT. PERTAMINA GEOTHERMAL ENERGY KAMOJANG

ABSTRAKSI: In the daily life, electricity is a vital thing and something that never released from human activity. Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) is a subsidiary company of PT. Pertamina (Persero) established since 2006 which utilize geothermal resources to generate electricity in Indonesia. PT. PGE Kamojang is the first geothermal field which was inaugurated on January 29th 1983. Total generating capacity of Kamojang Power Plant is 200MW consist of Unit 1, 2, 3 with total of 140MW and 60MW from Unit 4. In Power Plant, there are seven Mechanical Main System which is have important role. The seven system are, Steam Separating System (LBJ), Steam Supply and Venting System (LB), Steam Turbine and Lube Oil System (MA), Steam Return System (MAG), Gas Removal System (MAJ), Circualtiong Cooling Water System (PA), and Raw Water System (GA). When the seven system is being operated and there is a system fail, then Power Plant cannot be operated. The failure that can occur in the system can be avoided by doing research using RAM Analysis Method and Blocksim 9.0 software. Because with RAM Analysis Method and simulation through Blocksim 9.0 software, the Availability, Reliability, and Maaintainability of a system will be known. The last results of this research is also to determine the Critical Equipment in Mechanical Main System. From this research which is use the RAM Analysis Method and Blocksim 9.0 software, can be seen the Availability of Power Plant is 73,8675% and the Reliability is 68,7% for one month interval and 0,8% for one year (12 months) interval. For the critical equipment if it is based on RS FCI then the critical equipment are PA-BF207 with RS FCI 13,08%, PA-BF109 with RS FCI 12,99%, PA-BF110 with RS FCI 12,21%, MA-STRB with RS FCI 10,26%, MAG-CND with RS FCI 6,51%, MA-GEN with RS FCI 5,03%, and LBJ-SCR with RS FCI 4,04%. For the critical equipment when it is based on RS DTCI then the critical equipmetn are MA-STRB with RS DTCI 21,16%, MA-GEN with RS DTCI 11,98%, MA-BRX with RS DTCI 6,48%, MA-TRG with RS DTCI 5,55%, MA- GBR02 with RS DTCI 5,23%, MA-MTG with RS DTCI 5,05%, and MA-TBR02 with RS DTCI 5,05%. KATA KUNCI: Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Reliability Block Diagram (RBD), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Equipment Configuration, Power PlantABSTRACT: In the daily life, electricity is a vital thing and something that never released from human activity. Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) is a subsidiary company of PT. Pertamina (Persero) established since 2006 which utilize geothermal resources to generate electricity in Indonesia. PT. PGE Kamojang is the first geothermal field which was inaugurated on January 29th 1983. Total generating capacity of Kamojang Power Plant is 200MW consist of Unit 1, 2, 3 with total of 140MW and 60MW from Unit 4. In Power Plant, there are seven Mechanical Main System which is have important role. The seven system are, Steam Separating System (LBJ), Steam Supply and Venting System (LB), Steam Turbine and Lube Oil System (MA), Steam Return System (MAG), Gas Removal System (MAJ), Circualtiong Cooling Water System (PA), and Raw Water System (GA). When the seven system is being operated and there is a system fail, then Power Plant cannot be operated. The failure that can occur in the system can be avoided by doing research using RAM Analysis Method and Blocksim 9.0 software. Because with RAM Analysis Method and simulation through Blocksim 9.0 software, the Availability, Reliability, and Maaintainability of a system will be known. The last results of this research is also to determine the Critical Equipment in Mechanical Main System. From this research which is use the RAM Analysis Method and Blocksim 9.0 software, can be seen the Availability of Power Plant is 73,8675% and the Reliability is 68,7% for one month interval and 0,8% for one year (12 months) interval. For the critical equipment if it is based on RS FCI then the critical equipment are PA-BF207 with RS FCI 13,08%, PA-BF109 with RS FCI 12,99%, PA-BF110 with RS FCI 12,21%, MA-STRB with RS FCI 10,26%, MAG-CND with RS FCI 6,51%, MA-GEN with RS FCI 5,03%, and LBJ-SCR with RS FCI 4,04%. For the critical equipment when it is based on RS DTCI then the critical equipmetn are MA-STRB with RS DTCI 21,16%, MA-GEN with RS DTCI 11,98%, MA-BRX with RS DTCI 6,48%, MA-TRG with RS DTCI 5,55%, MA- GBR02 with RS DTCI 5,23%, MA-MTG with RS DTCI 5,05%, and MA-TBR02 with RS DTCI 5,05%. KEYWORD: Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Reliability Block Diagram (RBD), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Equipment Configuration, Power Plan

After-sales services optimisation through dynamic opportunistic maintenance: a wind energy case study

After-sales maintenance services can be a very profitable source of incomes for original equipment manufacturers (OEM) due to the increasing interest of assets’ users on performance-based contracts. However, when it concerns the product value-adding process, OEM have traditionally been more focused on improving their production processes, rather than on complementing their products by offering after-sales services; consequently leading to difficulties in offering them efficiently. Furthermore, both due to the high uncertainty of the assets’ behaviour and the inherent challenges of managing the maintenance process (e.g. maintenance strategy to be followed or resources to be deployed), it is complex to make business out of the provision of after-sales services. With the aim of helping the business and maintenance decision makers at this point, this paper proposes a framework for optimising the incomes of after-sales maintenance services through: 1) implementing advanced multi-objective opportunistic maintenance strategies that sistematically consider the assets’ operational context in order to perform preventive maintenance during most favourable conditions, 2) considering the specific OEMs’ and users’ needs, and 3) assessing both internal and external uncertainties that might condition the after-sales services’ success. The developed case study for the wind energy sector demonstrates the suitability of the presented framework for optimising the after-sales services.EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020, MSCA-RISE-2014: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) (grant agreement number 645733- Sustain-Owner-H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014) and the EmaitekPlus 2016-2017 Program of the Basque Government

Modified aerospace reliability and quality assurance method for wind turbines

The safety, reliability, and quality assurance (SR&QA) approach developed for the first large wind turbine generator project is described. The SR&QA approach was used to assure that the machine would not be hazardous to the public or operating personnel, would operate unattended on a utility grid, would demonstrate reliable operation and would help establish the quality assurance and maintainability requirements for future wind turbine projects. A modified failure modes and effects analysis during the design phase, minimal hardware inspections during parts fabrication, and three simple documents to control activities during machine construction and operation were presented

Integrating IVHM and Asset Design

Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) describes a set of capabilities that enable effective and efficient maintenance and operation of the target vehicle. It accounts for the collection of data, conducting analysis, and supporting the decision-making process for sustainment and operation. The design of IVHM systems endeavours to account for all causes of failure in a disciplined, systems engineering, manner. With industry striving to reduce through-life cost, IVHM is a powerful tool to give forewarning of impending failure and hence control over the outcome. Benefits have been realised from this approach across a number of different sectors but, hindering our ability to realise further benefit from this maturing technology, is the fact that IVHM is still treated as added on to the design of the asset, rather than being a sub-system in its own right, fully integrated with the asset design. The elevation and integration of IVHM in this way will enable architectures to be chosen that accommodate health ready sub-systems from the supply chain and design trade-offs to be made, to name but two major benefits. Barriers to IVHM being integrated with the asset design are examined in this paper. The paper presents progress in overcoming them, and suggests potential solutions for those that remain. It addresses the IVHM system design from a systems engineering perspective and the integration with the asset design will be described within an industrial design process

Generic approach for deriving reliability and maintenance requirements through consideration of in-context customer objectives

Not all implementations of reliability are equally effective at providing customer and user benefit. Random system failure with no prior warning or failure accommodation will have an immediate, usually adverse impact on operation. Nevertheless, this approach to reliability, implicit in measurements such as ‘failure rate’ and ‘MTBF’, is widely assumed without consideration of potential benefits of pro-active maintenance. Similarly, it is easy to assume that improved maintainability is always a good thing. However, maintainability is only one option available to reduce cost of ownership and reduce the impact of failure. This paper discusses a process for deriving optimised reliability and maintenance requirements through consideration of in-context customer objectives rather than a product in isolation

Towards design of prognostics and health management solutions for maritime assets

With increase in competition between OEMs of maritime assets and operators alike, the need to maximize the productivity of an equipment and increase operational efficiency and reliability is increasingly stringent and challenging. Also, with the adoption of availability contracts, maritime OEMs are becoming directly interested in understanding the health of their assets in order to maximize profits and to minimize the risk of a system's failure. The key to address these challenges and needs is performance optimization. For this to be possible it is important to understand that system failure can induce downtime which will increase the total cost of ownership, therefore it is important by all means to minimize unscheduled maintenance. If the state of health or condition of a system, subsystem or component is known, condition-based maintenance can be carried out and system design optimization can be achieved thereby reducing total cost of ownership. With the increasing competition with regards to the maritime industry, it is important that the state of health of a component/sub-system/system/asset is known before a vessel embarks on a mission. Any breakdown or malfunction in any part of any system or subsystem on board vessel during the operation offshore will lead to large economic losses and sometimes cause accidents. For example, damages to the fuel oil system of vessel's main engine can result in huge downtime as a result of the vessel not being in operation. This paper presents a prognostic and health management (PHM) development process applied on a fuel oil system powering diesel engines typically used in various cruise and fishing vessels, dredgers, pipe laying vessels and large oil tankers. This process will hopefully enable future PHM solutions for maritime assets to be designed in a more formal and systematic way