13,042 research outputs found

    A hybrid and integrated approach to evaluate and prevent disasters

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    Farming Differentiation in the Rural-urban Interface of the Middle Mountains, Nepal: Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)Modeling

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    This article investigates the dominant factors of farming differentiation in the rural-urban interface of the densely populated Kathmandu Valley, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) modeling. The rural-urban interface in the Kathmandu Valley is an important vegetable production pocket which supplies a large amount of the vegetables in the city core. While subsistence farming in the rural area is characterized by a system which integrates livestock and forestry with agriculture, the intensification in the urban fringe is characterized by triple crop rotations and market-oriented intensive vegetable production. Seven factors which were supposed to cause farming variation in the interface were incorporated in the AHP framework and then subjected to the farmers’ judgment in distinctly delineated three farming zones. These factors played crucial yet differing roles in different farming zones. Inaccessibility and use of local resources; higher yield and accessibility and agro-ecological consideration and quality production are the key impacting factors of subsistence, commercial inorganic and smallholder organic farming respectively. The quantification of such factors of farming differentiation through AHP is an important piece of information that will contribute in modeling farming in the rural-urban interface of developing countries which are characterized by a high diversity of farming practices and are undergoing a rapid change in the land use pattern

    An Overview of Economic Approaches to Information Security Management

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    The increasing concerns of clients, particularly in online commerce, plus the impact of legislations on information security have compelled companies to put more resources in information security. As a result, senior managers in many organizations are now expressing a much greater interest in information security. However, the largest body of research related to preventing breaches is technical, focusing on such issues as encryption and access control. In contrast, research related to the economic aspects of information security is small but rapidly growing. The goal of this technical note is twofold: i) to provide the reader with an structured overview of the economic approaches to information security and ii) to identify potential research directions

    Risk Assessment Based on Combined Weighting-Cloud Model of Tunnel Construction

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    In order to reduce the tunnel construction accidents and ensure the safety of personnel, a comprehensive assessment method of tunnel construction risk based on combination weighting and cloud model is constructed according to the characteristics of tunnel construction. The risk assessment index system is established based on researches on engineering geological condition, natural environmental condition, Tunnel engineering design scheme and construction management. On this basis, the tunnel risk is divided into 4 levels and the index risk level standard is proposed. In order to improve the rationality of weighting, a weight calculation method based on AHP, entropy method and Lagrange multiplier method is constructed. Finally, the normal cloud generator is used to form comparison pictures of risk clouds and standard clouds, which demonstrates the risk status of the evaluation indexes at all levels. With reference to Deda Tunnel of Sichuan-Tibet Railway engineering of high integrated risk level, management decision-making is required. The evaluation results are basically consistent with engineering practices, proving that the method has good feasibility and applicability

    Quantitative maritime security assessment: a 2020 vision

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    Maritime security assessment is moving towards a proactive risk-based regime. This opens the way for security analysts and managers to explore and exploit flexible and advanced risk modelling and decision-making approaches in maritime transport. In this article, following a review of maritime security risk assessment, a generic quantitative security assessment methodology is developed. Novel mathematical models for security risk analysis and management are outlined and integrated to demonstrate their use in the developed framework. Such approaches may be used to facilitate security risk modelling and decision making in situations where conventional quantitative risk analysis techniques cannot be appropriately applied. Finally, recommendations on further exploitation of advances in risk and uncertainty modelling technology are suggested with respect to maritime security risk quantification and management

    Developing An IT Risk Assessment Framework

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    In today’s business environment, almost all information is captured and stored in electronic form. This digital storage of data in a networked environment provides far greater access to information than ever before. But unfortunately, this also exposes the organization to a variety of new threats that can have impact on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. Organizations need a way to understand their information risks and to create new strategies for addressing those risks. A systematic approach to assessing information security risks and developing an appropriate protection strategy is a major component of an effective information security and risk management program. This paper outlines an Analytic Hierarchy Process based approach for analyzing risk factors and sub factors and ascertaining the major areas of security elements where an organization should focus on

    Research on the Effectiveness Evaluation Model of the Prison Physical Protection System Based on Grey Analytic Hierarchy Process

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    In order to improve the rationality and validity of the physical protection system effectiveness evaluation in prison, this paper discusses the main factors that affect the system performance in the prison security system construction process and explores the key points in evaluating the effectiveness of searching system. The author of this paper has constructed an evaluation index system that accurately reflects the physical protection system in prison and comes up with an evaluation model and algorithm based on the gray level analysis by verifying the rationality of effectiveness evaluation model of prison physical protection system and the validity of the evaluation method

    The use of the Analytic Network Process in the assessment of the functioning of migration areas on the example of the Eastern Carpathians

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    The article presents the results of the research on the migration processes on the peripheral areas of the Eastern Carpathians. The significance of managing migration areas was presented and the need for an in-depth analysis of the consequences of the migration processes in the context of the activities of the public administration was indicated. Thanks to the application of the multi-criteria method of the Analytic Network Process, it was possible to indicate the principal consequences of the migration in three main areas: economic, agricultural-environmental and social. There was also an indication of a possible implementation of the research results in managing local government units in the Eastern Carpathians thanks to the application of the four main models - benefits, costs, opportunities and threats, so as to define the importance of the weight assigned to particular factors (sub-criteria) in the overall perspective of the migration phenomeno

    Evaluating a multi criteria model for hazard and risk assessment in urban design

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    The aim of this research is to test a decisional aid model - the Analytic Hierarchy Procedure (AHP) - in risk assessment for development of an urban area.The Port Authority of Venice commissioned the Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPAV) to carry out an estimation of major industrial hazards in Porto Marghera, an industrial estate near Venice (Italy), via Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA). However, this model only provided a list of individual quantitative risk values, related to single locations. Therefore, there was both a need and an opportunity to introduce a decision aid model, which could take into account the geographic distribution of risk, the quantification of intangible factors and the analysis of possible future developments.The experimental model, through a series of trade -off comparisons, encouraged the use of expert opinions in conjunction with traditional quantitative analysis, enabling the decision maker to generate quantitative data on risk assessment from a series of subjective, qualitative assessments. It was also a major result to bring together complementary skills and expertise from different disciplines in a wide and clear collaborative research project
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