Efficient Resource Management Mechanism for 802.16 Wireless Networks Based on Weighted Fair Queuing

Wireless Networking continues on its path of being one of the most commonly used means of communication. The evolution of this technology has taken place through the design of various protocols. Some common wireless protocols are the WLAN, 802.16 or WiMAX, and the emerging 802.20, which specializes in high speed vehicular networks, taking the concept from 802.16 to higher levels of performance. As with any large network, congestion becomes an important issue. Congestion gains importance as more hosts join a wireless network. In most cases, congestion is caused by the lack of an efficient mechanism to deal with exponential increases in host devices. This can effectively lead to very huge bottlenecks in the network causing slow sluggish performance, which may eventually reduce the speed of the network. With continuous advancement being the trend in this technology, the proposal of an efficient scheme for wireless resource allocation is an important solution to the problem of congestion. The primary area of focus will be the emerging standard for wireless networks, the 802.16 or “WiMAX”. This project, attempts to propose a mechanism for an effective resource management mechanism between subscriber stations and the corresponding base station

A Priority-based Fair Queuing (PFQ) Model for Wireless Healthcare System

Healthcare is a very active research area, primarily due to the increase in the elderly population that leads to increasing number of emergency situations that require urgent actions. In recent years some of wireless networked medical devices were equipped with different sensors to measure and report on vital signs of patient remotely. The most important sensors are Heart Beat Rate (ECG), Pressure and Glucose sensors. However, the strict requirements and real-time nature of medical applications dictate the extreme importance and need for appropriate Quality of Service (QoS), fast and accurate delivery of a patient’s measurements in reliable e-Health ecosystem. As the elderly age and older adult population is increasing (65 years and above) due to the advancement in medicine and medical care in the last two decades; high QoS and reliable e-health ecosystem has become a major challenge in Healthcare especially for patients who require continuous monitoring and attention. Nevertheless, predictions have indicated that elderly population will be approximately 2 billion in developing countries by 2050 where availability of medical staff shall be unable to cope with this growth and emergency cases that need immediate intervention. On the other side, limitations in communication networks capacity, congestions and the humongous increase of devices, applications and IOT using the available communication networks add extra layer of challenges on E-health ecosystem such as time constraints, quality of measurements and signals reaching healthcare centres. Hence this research has tackled the delay and jitter parameters in E-health M2M wireless communication and succeeded in reducing them in comparison to current available models. The novelty of this research has succeeded in developing a new Priority Queuing model ‘’Priority Based-Fair Queuing’’ (PFQ) where a new priority level and concept of ‘’Patient’s Health Record’’ (PHR) has been developed and integrated with the Priority Parameters (PP) values of each sensor to add a second level of priority. The results and data analysis performed on the PFQ model under different scenarios simulating real M2M E-health environment have revealed that the PFQ has outperformed the results obtained from simulating the widely used current models such as First in First Out (FIFO) and Weight Fair Queuing (WFQ). PFQ model has improved transmission of ECG sensor data by decreasing delay and jitter in emergency cases by 83.32% and 75.88% respectively in comparison to FIFO and 46.65% and 60.13% with respect to WFQ model. Similarly, in pressure sensor the improvements were 82.41% and 71.5% and 68.43% and 73.36% in comparison to FIFO and WFQ respectively. Data transmission were also improved in the Glucose sensor by 80.85% and 64.7% and 92.1% and 83.17% in comparison to FIFO and WFQ respectively. However, non-emergency cases data transmission using PFQ model was negatively impacted and scored higher rates than FIFO and WFQ since PFQ tends to give higher priority to emergency cases. Thus, a derivative from the PFQ model has been developed to create a new version namely “Priority Based-Fair Queuing-Tolerated Delay” (PFQ-TD) to balance the data transmission between emergency and non-emergency cases where tolerated delay in emergency cases has been considered. PFQ-TD has succeeded in balancing fairly this issue and reducing the total average delay and jitter of emergency and non-emergency cases in all sensors and keep them within the acceptable allowable standards. PFQ-TD has improved the overall average delay and jitter in emergency and non-emergency cases among all sensors by 41% and 84% respectively in comparison to PFQ model

Implementation of QoS onto virtual bus network

Quality of Service (QoS) is a key issue in a multimedia environment because multimedia applications are sensitive to delay. The virtual bus architecture is a hierarchical access network structure that has been proposed to simplify network signaling. The network employs an interconnection of hierarchical database to support advanced routing of the signaling and traffic load. Therefore, the requirements and management of quality of service is important in the virtual bus network particularly to support multimedia applications. QoS and traffic parameters are specified for each class type and the OMNeT model has been described

Improving the network transmission cost of differentiated web services

This paper investigates into the transmission cost of web services related messages which is affected by network latency. Web services enable seamless interaction and integration of e-business applications. Web services contain a collection of operations so as to interact with outside world over the Internet through XML messaging. Though XML effectively describe message related information and is fairly human readable, it badly affects the performance of Web services in terms of transmission cost, processing cost, and so on. This paper aims to minimize network latency of message communication of Web services by employing pre-emptive resume scheduling. Fundamental principle of this approach is the provision of preferential treatment to some messages as compared to others. This approach assigns different priorities to distinct classes of messages given the fact that some messages may tolerate longer delays than others. For instance, shorter messages may be given higher priority than longer messages, or the Web service provider may give higher priority to the messages of paying subscribers

PRIORITIZED TASK SCHEDULING IN FOG COMPUTING

Cloud computing is an environment where virtual resources are shared among the many users over network. A user of Cloud services is billed according to pay-per-use model associated with this environment. To keep this bill to a minimum, efficient resource allocation is of great importance. To handle the many requests sent to Cloud by the clients, the tasks need to be processed according to the SLAs defined by the client. The increase in the usage of Cloud services on a daily basis has introduced delays in the transmission of requests. These delays can cause clients to wait for the response of the tasks beyond the deadline assigned. To overcome these concerns, Fog Computing is helpful as it is physically placed closer to the clients. This layer is placed between the client and the Cloud layer, and it reduces the delay in the transmission of the requests, processing and the response sent back to the client greatly. This paper discusses an algorithm which schedules tasks by calculating the priority of a task in the Fog layer. The tasks with higher priority are processed first so that the deadline is met, which makes the algorithm practical and efficient