A scrutable adaptive hypertext

Fuelled by the popularity and uptake of the World Wide Web since the 1990s, many researchers and commercial vendors have focussed on Adaptive Hypermedia Systems as an effective mechanism for disseminating personalised information and services. Such systems store information about the user, such as their goals, interests and background, and use this to provide a personalised response to the user. This technology has been applied to a number of contexts such as education systems, e-commerce applications, information search and retrieval systems. As an increasing number of systems collect and store personal information about their users to provide a personalised service, legislation around the world increasingly requires that users have access to view and modify their personal data. The spirit of such legislation is that the user should be able to understand how personal information about them is used. There literature has reported benefits of allowing users to access and understand data collected about them, particularly in the context of supporting learning through reflection. Although researchers have experimented with open user models, typically the personalisation is inscrutable: the user has little or no visibility in to the adaptation process. When the adaptation produces unexpected results, the user may be left confused with no mechanism for understanding why the system did what it did or how to correct it. This thesis is the next step, giving users the ability to see what has been personalised and why. In the context of personalised hypermedia, this thesis describes the first research to go beyond open, or even scrutable user models; it makes the adaptivity and associated processes open to the user and controllable. The novelty of this work is that a user of an adaptive hypertext system might ask How was this page personalised to me? and is able to see just how their user model affected what they saw in the hypertext document. With an understanding of the personalisation process and the ability to control it, the user is able to steer the personalisation to suit their changing needs, and help improve the accuracy of the user model. Developing an interface to support the scrutinisation of an adaptive hypertext is difficult. Users may not scrutinise often as it is a distraction from their main task. But when users need to scrutinise, perhaps to correct a system misconception, they need to easily find and access the scrutinisation tools. Ideally, the tools should not require any training and users should be able to use them effectively without prior experience or if have not used them for a long time, since this is how users are likely to scrutinise in practice. The contributions of thesis are: (1) SASY/ATML, a domain independent, reusable framework for creation and delivery of scrutable adaptive hypertext; (2)a toolkit of graphical tools that allow the user to scrutinise, or inspect and understand what personalisation occurred and control it; (3) evaluation of the scrutinisation tools and (4) a set of guidelines for providing support for the scrutinisation of an adaptive hypertext through the exploration of several forms of scrutinisation tools

A Systematic Approach to Verify an Embedded Capacitive Touchscreen System

The conspicuously massive growth in the number of products utilizing capacitive touchscreen technology has raised awareness of the technology. The embedded system used to detect and report finger touches to the host is fairly complex and difficult to verify. An automated verification system is required to systematically test this type of system in a reasonable amount of time. This thesis describes the framework for an automated verification system for embedded capacitive touchscreen systems. The framework includes a Cartesian desktop robot, test instruments, communications bridge, and custom-built test management software. The criteria for selecting a Cartesian desktop robot rather than a SCARA robot are discussed. The SCARA robot provides quicker but less precise movements, while the Cartesian desktop robot supports a larger payload and accommodates more touchscreen panels in its work envelope. The criteria for choosing to develop custom-built test management software instead of purchasing existing off-the-shelf test management are also discussed. Both solutions support hardware abstraction, verification procedures, procedure sequencing, and output of the results. The custom-built solution is more flexible, providing access to how the software framework is implemented and allowing adjustments as needed. Off-the-shelf solutions are limited in what customizations they support and often have unnecessary features that utilize valuable computing resources

The contexts of use and the innovation of TV-centric network technologies: as viewers become consumer-users

This thesis seeks to explore something of the current nature of human, social and business contingencies constituting and motivating design, production, consumption and the use of technologies. It places a particular emphasis on the innovation of TV-centric network technologies - 'new' media technologies, particularly interactive television (i-Tv), intended to link, enhance or otherwise augment existing television technology and content. The empirical work in the thesis studied the development and implementation of a complex large-scale i-Tv trial in Cambridge, UK. Issues arising from the research led to the development of a general research framework - Contextual Usability (CU) - whose central aim is to draw awareness to the complex and multiple dimensions of the use process as a social and organisational construction, and also to redefine its place as an intrinsic experiential dimension in the domestication of products and services.Various senior managers and designers were interviewed within the company designing and producing the i-Tv technology and interface for the trial, as were 11 participant households. The author concludes with an overview suggesting the interconnected and interdependent nature of trials, technology, users, design, designers and organisation. For this he uses CU in relation to Molina's notion of Sociotechnical Constituencies to illustrate how social, cultural and organisational elements of trials both rely and impinge upon the implementation and interpretation of user and consumer research, and thus working 'images'of the user and the use process

As The Sun Sets, We Remain: A Bioarchaeological Analysis of the Gause Cemetery at Seaside

In 2014, USA Today reported that the search for family roots was the second most popular hobby in the U.S.. The concomitant recognition by the general public of the forensic and bioarchaeological value of human skeletal remains has, in a few cases, proffered osteological analysis as another form of genealogical research. This study focuses on the excavation of a small cemetery of a politically and economically prominent family in Sunset Beach, NC at the request of a descendant. The osteobiographical approach utilized here provides a detailed, contextualized study of the physical remains to complement other historical data on the family. Three brick burial vaults were excavated in 2017, recovering the skeletal remains of three potential adult ancestors of the descendant. The adult female (25-34 years old) and two adult males (25-25 years old and 30-39 years old) have paleopathology profiles expected of free landowners in the antebellum Southeastern U.S. based on comparative samples, with almost no lesions indicative of infectious diseases and malnutrition but with poor dental health. In addition, material remains and burial contexts suggest internment the late 18th to early 19th centuries. Survey also indicated the original cemetery bounds stretch beyond its modern limits, intruded upon by modernization. The detailed osteobiographies presented in this study reflect the benefits and limitations of these data for genealogical research and addresses the ethical issues tied to descendant-initiated excavation of cemeteries

Brain Computer Interface on Track to Home.

The novel BackHome system offers individuals with disabilities a range of useful services available via brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), to help restore their independence. This is the time such technology is ready to be deployed in the real world, that is, at the target end users' home. This has been achieved by the development of practical electrodes, easy to use software, and delivering telemonitoring and home support capabilities which have been conceived, implemented, and tested within a user-centred design approach. The final BackHome system is the result of a 3-year long process involving extensive user engagement to maximize effectiveness, reliability, robustness, and ease of use of a home based BCI system. The system is comprised of ergonomic and hassle-free BCI equipment; one-click software services for Smart Home control, cognitive stimulation, and web browsing; and remote telemonitoring and home support tools to enable independent home use for nonexpert caregivers and users. BackHome aims to successfully bring BCIs to the home of people with limited mobility to restore their independence and ultimately improve their quality of life

Bayesian Networks for Asset Management and Financial Risk

This thesis explores the use of Bayesian networks to develop “views” for a Black-Litterman asset allocation model, and determines whether they can help in the creation of better investment portfolios. Views represent an investor’s expectations of the future performance of a company’s shares: an estimate of expected return, and a measure of the uncertainty of this estimate. This thesis aims to automate the creation of views and to pioneer intelligent portfolio construction as part of an algorithmic asset management process