NASA Formal Methods Workshop, 1990

The workshop brought together researchers involved in the NASA formal methods research effort for detailed technical interchange and provided a mechanism for interaction with representatives from the FAA and the aerospace industry. The workshop also included speakers from industry to debrief the formal methods researchers on the current state of practice in flight critical system design, verification, and certification. The goals were: define and characterize the verification problem for ultra-reliable life critical flight control systems and the current state of practice in industry today; determine the proper role of formal methods in addressing these problems, and assess the state of the art and recent progress toward applying formal methods to this area

Pendidikan Islam dalam Sistem Pendidikan Nasional

Islamic religious education is education that teaches the values of goodness which then its implementation is applied in life. Islamic education itself has an important role in the history of the development of the Indonesian nation, especially in terms of the historical dimension where Islamic education has been a formal education for centuries known as pesantren. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship, the role of Islamic education in the national education system because to make a person who is balanced from an intellectual perspective, religious education is needed, namely Islamic education in order to achieve the goals of national education. The method used in this research uses qualitative research methods with the type of library research. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that Islamic education in the national education system is Islamic education occupying a position as a formal, non-formal, informal, and religious institution

System Description: an Interface Between CLAM and HOL

. The CLaM proof planner has been interfaced to the HOL interactive theorem prover to provide the power of proof planning to people using HOL for formal verification, etc. The interface sends HOL goals to CLaM for planning and translates plans back into HOL tactics that solve the initial goals. The project homepage can be found at http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/HVG/Clam.HOL/intro.html. 1 Introduction CLaM [2] is a proof planning system for Oyster, a tactic-based implementation of the constructive type theory of Martin-Lof. CLaM works by using formalized pre- and post-conditions of Oyster tactics as the basis of plan search. These specifications of tactics are called methods. When a plan for a goal is found, the expectation is that the resulting tactic will solve the goal. Experience shows that the search space for plans is often tractable: CLaM has been able to automatically plan many proofs. A particular emphasis of research with CLaM has been the automation of inductive proo..

09091 Abstracts Collection -- Formal Methods in Molecular Biology

From 23. February to 27. February 2009, the Dagstuhl Seminar 09091 ``Formal Methods in Molecular Biology \u27\u27 was held in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available

Intelligent systems for efficiency and security

As computing becomes ubiquitous and personalized, resources like energy, storage and time are becoming increasingly scarce and, at the same time, computing systems must deliver in multiple dimensions, such as high performance, quality of service, reliability, security and low power. Building such computers is hard, particularly when the operating environment is becoming more dynamic, and systems are becoming heterogeneous and distributed. Unfortunately, computers today manage resources with many ad hoc heuristics that are suboptimal, unsafe, and cannot be composed across the computer’s subsystems. Continuing this approach has severe consequences: underperforming systems, resource waste, information loss, and even life endangerment. This dissertation research develops computing systems which, through intelligent adaptation, deliver efficiency along multiple dimensions. The key idea is to manage computers with principled methods from formal control. It is with these methods that the multiple subsystems of a computer sense their environment and configure themselves to meet system-wide goals. To achieve the goal of intelligent systems, this dissertation makes a series of contributions, each building on the previous. First, it introduces the use of formal MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) control for processors, to simultaneously optimize many goals like performance, power, and temperature. Second, it develops the Yukta control system, which uses coordinated formal controllers in different layers of the stack (hardware and operating system). Third, it uses robust control to develop a fast, globally coordinated and decentralized control framework called Tangram, for heterogeneous computers. Finally, it presents Maya, a defense against power side-channel attacks that uses formal control to reshape the power dissipated by a computer, confusing the attacker. The ideas in the dissertation have been demonstrated successfully with several prototypes, including one built along with AMD (Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.) engineers. These designs significantly outperformed the state of the art. The research in this dissertation brought formal control closer to computer architecture and has been well-received in both domains. It has the first application of full-fledged MIMO control for processors, the first use of robust control in computer systems, and the first application of formal control for side-channel defense. It makes a significant stride towards intelligent systems that are efficient, secure and reliable

Syntax in experimental literature: a literary linguistic investigation

This dissertation uses the methods of literary linguistics to investigate experimental uses of literary language. I consider what kinds of formal experimentation are possible with natural language, examine how the unusual forms of experimental literature are interpreted, and ask what these kinds of experimentation show us about the nature of language. To begin with, I will discuss the goals of this study in detail, outlining the theoretical basis for a linguistic study of experimental literature and what may be learned from such a study. Literary linguistics is concerned with understanding how literary texts use language, focusing on formal aspects of literary texts and how they are related to the formal features of language. Language is the medium of literary texts, and the formal aspects of these texts - such as metre or genre - are in part enabled by using this medium. To understand regularities in the formal aspects of literary texts, literary linguistics research explores regularities in linguistic form and the ways in which the literary form exploits linguistic form

Language And Literacy Acquisition And Maintenance Of Sudanese Refugee Learners

The purpose of this study was to more fully understand the language and literacy goals and values of a linguistically diverse Southern Sudanese refugee population residing in the Upper Midwest portion of the United States. The linguistic and cultural demographics of the area\u27s major school district changed consistently and dramatically over a twenty-year time span. Five participants who were parents of young children were interviewed for this study from a metropolitan community with a population of approximately 200,000. Fourteen percent of the English Language Learners (ELL) in the public schools were Sudanese. Qualitative research methods included an ethnographic approach in order to access the population for potential participants. The ethnographic components of this study took place in church settings attended by members of the Sudanese community and the researcher. Additional qualitative research methods used were participant and setting observations, formal interviews, and written and recorded data collecting when permission was granted. Issues that related to goals parents held for their children, as well as languages and literacies used in home, school, and social settings, surfaced during this study. Each participant\u27s story was told individually using a narrative format that described (a) background information, (b) language use in the home, school, and social settings, and (c) language and literacy goals and values. Five themes emerged from this study: (1) Male participants had higher levels of formal education than female participants and actively pursued educational advancement and support for Sudanese located in the USA or Sudan. (2) All participants were multilingual, most were multiliterate, and all used multiple languages in the home. (3) All participants in this study wanted their children to be competent in English language and literacy. (4) Most participants in this study wanted their children to maintain the family\u27s tribal language as part of their culture. (5) Participants in this study varied in their use and acceptance of the Arabic language. The study concluded with suggestions for further research, as well as implications for teacher education, for schools, and for classroom practice

Modern Global Art Groups' Effects on Graphic Design

The modern era in defining the features of formal and expressive construction and achieves its functional and aesthetic goals. Hence, the research aimed to clarify the formal and organizational variables of graphic designers and their expressive performance and to compare their impact on the methods of artistic movements in the modern era. The research was based on the descriptive analytical approach of a group of samples, from which it came out with a set of results and conclusions, namely: Modern arts contributed to finding new performance standards for the aesthetic process in design, which was limited to the aesthetics of drawing and its techniques to express it to the techniques of collage and photo montage towards expressive metaphor using previously untouched materials. Achieving the formal organization of the elements with the background, whether through mathematical and engineering logic or as a coincidence industry, led to a transformation in the design process and the emergence of a new spatial relationship that directly affected a clear transformation of the design