1,152 research outputs found

    Interconnection among Academic Journal Websites: Multilateral versus Bilateral Interconnection

    Get PDF
    Electronic academic journal websites provide new services of text and/or data mining and linking, indispensable for efficient allocation of attention among abundant sources of scienti…c information. Fully realizing the benefi…t of these services requires interconnection among websites. Motivated by CrossRef, a multilateral citation linking backbone, this paper performs a comparison between multilateral interconnection through an open platform and bilateral interconnection, and finds that publishers are fully interconnected in the former regime while they can be partially interconnected in the latter regime for exclusion or differentiation motives. Surprisingly, if partial interconnection arises for differentiation motive, exclusion of small publisher(s) occurs more often under multilateral interconnection. We also find that in the case of multilateral interconnection, a for-pro…fit platform induces less exclusion than an open platform. Various other extensions are analyzed.

    Interconnection among academic journal platforms: Multilateral versus bilateral interconnection

    Get PDF
    Electronic academic journal websites provide new services of text and/or data mining and linking, indispensable for e¢ cient allocation of attention among abun- dant sources of scienti?c information. Fully realizing the bene?t of these services requires interconnection among websites. Motivated by CrossRef, a multilateral citation linking backbone, this paper performs a comparison between multilateral interconnection through an open platform and bilateral interconnection, and ?nds that publishers are fully interconnected in the former regime while they can be par- tially interconnected in the latter regime for exclusion or di¤erentiation motives. Surprisingly, if partial interconnection arises for di¤erentiation motive, exclusion of small publisher(s) occurs more often under multilateral interconnection. We also ?nd that in the case of multilateral interconnection, a for-pro?t platform induces less exclusion than an open platform. Various other extensions are analyzed.Multilateral Interconnection, Bilateral Interconnection, Academic Journals, Internet, Open Platform, For-profit platform

    Algorithm Diversity for Resilient Systems

    Full text link
    Diversity can significantly increase the resilience of systems, by reducing the prevalence of shared vulnerabilities and making vulnerabilities harder to exploit. Work on software diversity for security typically creates variants of a program using low-level code transformations. This paper is the first to study algorithm diversity for resilience. We first describe how a method based on high-level invariants and systematic incrementalization can be used to create algorithm variants. Executing multiple variants in parallel and comparing their outputs provides greater resilience than executing one variant. To prevent different parallel schedules from causing variants' behaviors to diverge, we present a synchronized execution algorithm for DistAlgo, an extension of Python for high-level, precise, executable specifications of distributed algorithms. We propose static and dynamic metrics for measuring diversity. An experimental evaluation of algorithm diversity combined with implementation-level diversity for several sequential algorithms and distributed algorithms shows the benefits of algorithm diversity

    Constrained Interactions and Social Coordination

    Get PDF
    We consider a co-evolutionary model of social coordination and network formation whereagents may decide on an action in a 2 x 2- coordination game and on whom to establish costly links to. We find that a payoff dominant convention is selected for a wider parameter range when agents may only support a limited number of links as compared to a scenario where agents are not constrained in their linking choice. The main reason behind this result is that constrained interactions create a tradeoff between the interactions an agent has and those he would rather have. Further, we discuss convex linking costs and provide suffcient conditions for the payoff dominant convention to be selected in mxm coordination games.

    Protection of LAN-wide, P2P interactions: a holistic approach

    Get PDF
    This article advocates the need of a holistic approach to protect LAN interactions and presents a solution for implementing it based on secure LAN (SLAN), a novel security architecture. SLAN uses the 802.1X access control mechanisms and is supported by a key distribution centre (KDC) built upon an 802.1X authentication server. The KDC is used, together with a new host identification policy and modified DHCP servers, to provide proper resource allocation and message authentication in DHCP transactions. The KDC is used to authenticate ARP transactions and to distribute session keys to pairs of LAN hosts, allowing them to set up arbitrary, LAN-wide peer-to-peer security associations using such session keys. We show how PPPoE and IPSec security associations may be instantiated and present a prototype implementation for IPSec

    Role of High total protein in gallbladder bile in the formation of cholesterol gallstones.

    Get PDF
    While it is generally accepted that cholesterol supersaturation of bile is of key importance in the rapid formation of cholesterol crystals, the role of total biliary protein and pH in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones is less well understood. The relation of cholesterol saturation, total protein, and pH was studied in 73 gallbladder bile samples with and 35 gallbladder bile samples without cholesterol crystals. In samples containing crystals, a trend to higher values of cholesterol and to a higher cholesterol saturation index was observed. However, significantly (P = 0.02) higher concentrations of total protein were found in samples with crystals [0.80 +/- 0.40 g/dL (8.0 +/- 4.0 g/L)] than in samples without crystals [0.63 +/- 0.26 g/dL (6.3 +/- 2.6 g/L)]. Moreover, of 22 bile samples with total protein concentrations greater than 10.0 g/L, cholesterol crystals were detected in all but 2. Total lipids, bile acids, phospholipids, and pH values were not significantly different in the two groups of bile samples. It was concluded that high biliary protein concentrations are frequently associated with cholesterol crystals and may, therefore, be a possible risk factor in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones

    SCTSC: A Semicentralized Traffic Signal Control Mode With Attribute-Based Blockchain in IoVs

    Get PDF
    This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from IEEE via the DOI in this recordAssisting traffic control is one of the most important applications on the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs). Traffic information provided by vehicles is desired since drivers or vehicle sensors are sensitive in perceiving or detecting nuances on roads. However, the availability and privacy preservation of this information are critical while conflicted with each other in the vehicular communication. In this paper, we propose a semicentralized mode with attribute-based blockchain in IoVs to balance the tradeoff between the availability and the privacy preservation. In this mode, a method of control-by-vehicles is used to control signals of traffic lights to increase traffic efficiency. Users are grouped their attributes such as locations and directions before starting the communication. The users reach an agreement on determining a temporary signal timing by interacting with each other without leaking privacy. Final decisions are verifiable to all users, even if they have no a priori agreement and processes of consensus. The mode not only achieves the aim of privacy preservation but also supports responsibility investigation for historical agreements via ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) and blockchain technology. Extensive experimental results demonstrated that our mode is efficient and practical.National Key R&D Program of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of ChinaFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Chin
    corecore