4,260 research outputs found

    Design Patterns for Description-Driven Systems

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    In data modelling, product information has most often been handled separately from process information. The integration of product and process models in a unified data model could provide the means by which information could be shared across an enterprise throughout the system lifecycle from design through to production. Recently attempts have been made to integrate these two separate views of systems through identifying common data models. This paper relates description-driven systems to multi-layer architectures and reveals where existing design patterns facilitate the integration of product and process models and where patterns are missing or where existing patterns require enrichment for this integration. It reports on the construction of a so-called description-driven system which integrates Product Data Management (PDM) and Workflow Management (WfM) data models through a common meta-model.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures. Presented at the 3rd Enterprise Distributed Object Computing EDOC'99 conference. Mannheim, Germany. September 199

    Hemophilia Inhibitors Prevalence, Causes and Diagnosis

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    Design, modelling, simulation and integration of cyber physical systems: Methods and applications

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    The main drivers for the development and evolution of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are the reduction of development costs and time along with the enhancement of the designed products. The aim of this survey paper is to provide an overview of different types of system and the associated transition process from mechatronics to CPS and cloud-based (IoT) systems. It will further consider the requirement that methodologies for CPS-design should be part of a multi-disciplinary development process within which designers should focus not only on the separate physical and computational components, but also on their integration and interaction. Challenges related to CPS-design are therefore considered in the paper from the perspectives of the physical processes, computation and integration respectively. Illustrative case studies are selected from different system levels starting with the description of the overlaying concept of Cyber Physical Production Systems (CPPSs). The analysis and evaluation of the specific properties of a sub-system using a condition monitoring system, important for the maintenance purposes, is then given for a wind turbine

    An open, integrated modular format - for flexible & intelligible AEC design & production

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    The architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector is fragmented and its computer aided design (CAD) systems suffer data loss, and errors in workflow between design and realisation. An open source, integrated, modular format is proposed to address the technological nature of these problems. Accordingly, this research updates the notion of the modular format as a more flexible and intelligible computational design method by leveraging knowledge from the computer science and manufacturing sectors where the design and realisation process is intentional and explicit. The research design of this paper comprises a theoretical approach combined with an empirical case study. Principles of modularity are extracted from the computer science and manufacturing sectors to assist with a better definition of AEC CAD processes that use materials and resources more efficiently and sustainably. The methodology of the modular format contributes to the emerging concept of a building lifecycle management (BLM) system for the AEC sector

    Gabriel Bouquier: Revolutionary education at the height of sans-culottes power

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    The central purpose of this thesis is to use Gabriel Bouquier and Michel Lepeletier as a means to investigate the greater educational debate in the radical republic of the French Revolution. I use the oppositional definition of public education in the writing of Bouquier and Lepeletier as a window into the character of Jacobinism as the height of the radical republic. Through this exploration, I revise the historiography on Bouquier by viewing him as an example of sans-culotte influence instead of a compromise with the liberal elements in the National Convention. Consequently, I revise the historiography of Lepeletier by interpreting his educational plan and its passage in the National Convention in terms of political culture and not ideology. This revision views Bouquier as a primary example of educational ideology in the radical republic and Lepeletier as example of its political culture. This changes our understanding of the context of events in the radical republic and the nature of the culture of Jacobinism. Finally, I situate the fervent anti-elitism in the writing of Bouquier within the National Convention as part of a greater trend in the French Revolution and part of the new trend of anti-intellectualism in democratic culture

    Product Information Quality : A sustainability challenge in design and construction

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    The adverse consequences of building product performance pose sustainability problems for the built environment. Effective approaches to these problems require a clear understanding of building product information and its provision by manufacturers. This is an essential need for sustainable growth in industrialized construction, a system characterized by the expanded role of the manufacturing sector. Furthermore, a sustainable transition to digitalization in the construction industry needs digital interfaces capable of providing the information required for sustainable design and construction. The aim of this research is to contribute to an increased understanding of how building product information can support sustainability in the built environment. To this end, two fundamental aspects have been examined: the quality of information on the sustainability performance of building products and the usability of the digital interfaces providing such information. This research relies on critical realism and adopts a qualitative methodology to analyze and explain the mechanisms of creating and providing product information in four sequential case studies. Systems thinking and process tracing method have been applied to analyze the flow of product information in the construction industry, the operative processes that can support sustainability, and the stakeholders involved. In the first three case studies, the operative process is the diffusion of innovative ventilation products with superior indoor environmental performance. The first case study identifies the problems affecting this process. The second and third case studies, respectively, explore how product information and information exchange on building information modeling (BIM) library platforms can support the process. Influenced by the Grenfell Tower fire in London in 2017, the fourth case identifies the product information problems that can contribute to harmful facade fires threatening sustainability in the built environment. The study examines the capabilities for avoiding the identified problems and explores how an operative process of design, manufacturing, and construction of fire-safe facades can be supported. The findings reveal problems concerning the quality of information on the sustainability performance of products and the methods used by manufacturers for presenting such information. These problems have limited the availability and usability of the information in product databases and BIM object libraries. This defective flow of information affects the design process and can lead to unacceptable consequences such as facade fires. In addition, the inefficient methods of supplying product information have impeded the adoption of innovative products with improved sustainability performance. To address these issues, this research proposes the standardization of product information in collaboration with effective legislation and establishes a framework for evaluating the provision of information on the sustainability performance of building products. The theoretical contributions of this work include five tools: (1) a model for applied critical realism towards sustainability, (2) a matrix for the qualitative analysis of BIM object library platforms, (3) a matrix for evaluating the quality of information and digital interfaces, (4) a model of the functions of the standards on product information, and (5) a conceptual model of product information for sustainable design and construction

    Female participation in agriculture in the Dominican Republic

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