The origin of non-porphyritic pyroxene chondrules in UOCs: Liquid solar nebula condensates?

A total of 56 non-porphyritic pyroxene and pyroxene/olivine micro-objects from different unequilibrated ordinary chondrites were selected for detailed studies to test the existing formation models. Our studies imply that the non-porphyritic objects represent quickly quenched liquids with each object reflecting a very complex and unique evolutionary history. Bulk major element analyses, obtained with EMPA and ASEM, as well as bulk lithophile trace element analyses, determined by LA-ICP-MS, resulted in unfractionated (solar-like) ratios of CaO/Al2O3, Yb/Ce as well as Sc/Yb in many of the studied objects and mostly unfractionated refractory lithophile trace element (RLTE) abundance patterns. These features support an origin by direct condensation from a gas of solar nebula composition. Full equilibrium condensation calculations show that it is theoretically possible that pyroxene-dominated non-porphyritic chondrules with flat REE patterns could have been formed as droplet liquid condensates directly from a nebular gas strongly depleted in olivine. Thus, it is possible to have enstatite as the stable liquidus phase in a 800 × Cl dust-enriched nebular gas at a ptot of 10-3 atm, if about 72% of the original Mg is removed (as forsterite?) from the system. Condensation of liquids from vapor (primary liquid condensation) could be considered as a possible formation process of the pyroxene-dominated non-porphyritic objects. This process can produce a large spectrum of chemical compositions, which always have unfractionated RLTE abundances. Late stage and subsolidus metasomatic events appear to have furthered the compositional diversity of chondrules and related objects by addition of moderately volatile and volatile elements to these objects by exchange reactions with the chondritic reservoir (e.g., V, Cr, Mn, FeO as well as K and Na). The strong fractionation displayed by the volatile lithophile elements could be indicative of a variable efficiency of metasomatic processes occurring during and/or after chondrule formation. Histories of individual objects differ in detail from each other and clearly indicate individual formation and subsequent processing. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fil: Engler, Almut. University of Graz; AustriaFil: Varela, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Complejo Astronómico "El Leoncito". Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Complejo Astronómico "El Leoncito". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Complejo Astronómico "El Leoncito". Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Complejo Astronómico "El Leoncito"; ArgentinaFil: Kurat, Gero. Universidad de Viena; AustriaFil: Ebel, Denton. American Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Sylvester, Paul. Memorial University Of Newfoundland; Canad

Improving Quality of Software with Foreign Function Interfaces using Static Analysis

A Foreign Function Interface (FFI) is a mechanism that allows software written in one host programming language to directly use another foreign programming language by invoking function calls across language boundaries. Today\u27s software development often utilizes FFIs to reuse software components. Examples of such systems are the Java Development Kit (JDK), Android mobile OS, and Python packages in the Fedora LINUX operating systems. The use of FFIs, however, requires extreme care and can introduce undesired side effects that degrade software quality. In this thesis, we aim to improve several quality aspects of software composed of FFIs by applying static analysis. The thesis investigates several particular characteristics of FFIs and studies software bugs caused by the misuse of FFIs. We choose two FFIs, the Java Native Interface (JNI) and the Python/C interface, as the main subjects of this dissertation. To reduce software security vulnerabilities introduced by the JNI, we first propose definitions of new patterns of bugs caused by the improper exception handlings between Java and C. We then present the design and implement a bug finding system to uncover these bugs. To ensure software safety and reliability in multithreaded environment, we present a novel and efficient system that ensures atomicity in the JNI. Finally, to improve software performance and reliability, we design and develop a framework for finding errors in memory management in programs written with the Python/C interface. The framework is built by applying affine abstraction and affine analysis of reference-counts of Python objects. This dissertation offers a comprehensive study of FFIs and software composed of FFIs. The research findings make several contributions to the studies of static analysis and to the improvement of software quality

Pre Clinical Study of Siddha Drug Mavilingu Kasayam for its Lithotriptic, Diuretic and Anti-Spasmodic Activities.

Siddha system is one of the oldest systems of medicine in India. Siddha system is based on truth and philosophy. This medicine system has the unique feature like removal the root cause of the disease and perfect remedy for body, mind and soul. The Siddha system has explained that five basic elements namely, Prithivi,Appu, Theyu,Vayoo and Agayam.The trial drug MAVILINGU KASAYAM was selected for the elaborate study of its efficacy on Kalladaippu. From the literature review, physiochemical, pharmacological, microbiological, bio chemical, Instrumental analysis. It has been concluded that Mavilingu kasayam has got a good Lithotriptic (Anti lithiatic), Diuretic, Anti – spasmodic activities and hence effective for Kalladaippu

Pre-Clinical Study of Herbo Mineral Formulation Rasa Karpoora Kuligai for its Anti-Cancer, Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Siddha System of Medicine is belived to be originated from lord shiva the supreme god of Tamil and also he is considered to be the principal siddhar. Lord shiva preached this grateful science to shakthi, the goddess and the nanthi from them the siddha system was made available to common people by siddhars. Siddhars where those who were not only a physican but also a social reformers. They were well versed in the filed of medicine, natural science, alchemy, astrology etc., They give many excellent medicine which cure many non cureable diseases like diabetes, TB, HIV & Cancer. Siddhars were the persons who attained siddhi, that perfection and who had overcome death through these siddha Medicines

Annual report of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (41st). administrative report including Technical Report nos. 1210 to 1253

Report includes the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics letter of submittal to the President, summaries of the committee's activities and research accomplished, bibliographies, and financial report

Anti-angiogenic and toxicity effects of Derris trifoliata extract in zebrafish embryo

Introduction: Derris trifoliata has been traditionally used as folk for the treatment of , rheumatic joints, diarrhoea, and dysmenorrhea, and rotenoids isolated from the plant have shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties. This study aimed to assess the toxicity effects and antiangiogenic activity of extract of Derris trifoliata on zebrafish embryo model. Materials and Methods: Zebrafihs embryos were treated with aqueous extract of Derris Trifoliata to evaluate its effects on angiogenesis and zebrafish-toxicity. Angiogenic response was analyzed using whole-mount alkaline phosphatase (AP) vessel staining on 72 hours post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos. Results: 1.0 mg/ml concentration was toxic to zebrafish embryos and embryos exposed to concentrations at 0.5 mg/ml and below showed some malformations. Derris trifoliata aqueous extract also showed some anti-angiogenic activity in vivo in the zebrafish embryo model wereby at high concentration inhibited vessel formation in zebrafish embryo. Conclusions: The anti-angiogenic response of extract of Derris trifoliata in zebrafish in vivo model suggest its therapeutic potential as anti-cancer agent