379,594 research outputs found

    SPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PASTURE AND RANGE MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW

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    This paper looked at practical ways in which pasture and range management (P&RM) can benefit from application of spatial technologies; namely Satellite Remote Sensing, Global Positioning System and Geographical Information Science. Brief mention of these spatial technologies’ components and ways of their integrations (linear, interactive, hierarchical and complex models) were discussed with specific reference to P&RM. The paper also dwells on salient principles of applied remote sensing and geospatial technics in P&RM using examples and case studies revolving around rangeland management, spatial decision support and resource conservation. Specifically, the relevance of hyper spectral imageries and vegetation indices in cattle population and range roaming determination, grazing land and paddock site-specific management were demonstrated. It is hoped that the review will create awareness for the inclusion and use of remote sensing and geospatial technics in many areas of livestock management in Nigeria.     &nbsp

    APPLICATION OF SURFACE-OCEAN REMOTE-SENSING TO THE CHARACTERISATION OF BIOGEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF BENTHIC FAUNA IN A TEMPERATE SHELF SEA

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    Ecosystem scale, adaptive management of the marine environment, emphasised by the Convention on Biological Diversity, requires a clear understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the system in question. Classical species-based biogeography alone is not sufficient to describe those dynamics at the appropriate scale for whole ecosystem management. A novel, multidisciplinary, complex systems approach has been developed for characterising the biogeographic distribution of benthic fauna in a temperate shelf sea system through application of remote sensing to the principles of benthic-pelagic coupling. A six year time series of satellite remote sensing data (AVHRR SST and SeaWiFS Chl-α, LwN(555, 670)) was analysed using multivariate statistical techniques to identify the emergent patterns (temporal and spatial) of water column physical structure and associated patterns of productivity in North-West European Shelf waters. Three persistent biogeographic regions were identified from horizontal patterns in .sea surface properties. Comparison with the results of an epibenthic field survey, have shown gradients of epibenthic megafaunal distribution to correspond closely to the biogeographic regions identified by remote sensing. The application of this technique to marine monitoring programmes and ecosystem management is discussed.Plymouth Marine Laborator

    Java based location independent desktop environment

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    As the Internet grows and users become more mobile, users will need to be able to access from remote locations all of the same computing resources that they use in their offices. Some users accomplish this by taking everything with them, in the form of high-priced, high-powered laptop computers. This thesis investigates another possible solution to the problem of mobile users, that of a location independent user desktop. This thesis and its related project will produce a JAVA based User Name Service, Application Service and User Desktop Application that use a combination of local and remote servers to provide location independent services. The Desktop application will provide a basic desktop environment to the user, including a tool bar and simple configuration management to demonstrate the basic principles of this system. The User Name Service will provide desktop configuration information to local and remote users. The Application service will provide (rudimentary) applications for the user to use on his/her desktop. This thesis will investigate the basic properties of proxy services, configuration management, user key management, access control, and communication issues that arise in the investigation and implementation of a location independent environment

    A comparative study of structured and un-structured remote data access in distributed computing systems

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    Recently, the use of distributed computing systems has been growing rapidly due to the result of cheap and advanced microelectronic technology. In addition to the decrease in hardware costs, the tremendous development in machine to machine communication interfaces, especially in local area networking, also favours the use of distributed systems. Distributed systems often require remote access to data stored at different sites. Generally, two models of access to remote data storage exist: the un structured and structured models. In the former, data is simply stored as row of bytes, whereas in the latter, data is stored along with the associated access codes. The objective of this thesis is to compare these two models and hence determines the tradeoffs of each model. First of all, an extended review of the field of distributed data access is provided which addressing key issues such as the basic design principles of distributed computing systems, the notions of abstract data types, data inheritance, data type system and data persistence. Secondly, a distributed system is implemented using the persistent programming language PS-algol and the high level language C in conjunction with the remote procedure call facilities available in Unix(^1) 4.2 BSD operating system. This distributed system makes extensive use of Unix's software tools and hence it is called DCSUNIX for Distributed Computing System on UNIX. Thirdly, two specific applications which employ the implemented system will be given so that a comparison can be made between the two remote data access models mentioned above. Finally, the implemented system is compared with the criteria established earlier in the thesis. keywords: abstract data types, class, database management, data persistence, information hiding, inheritance, object oriented programming, programming languages, remote procedure calls, transparency, and type checking

    Dem@Care: a proposed system for the home-based ambient monitoring and enablement of older adults with dementia.

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    With an ageing population comes an anticipated leap in the numbers of individuals with dementia, and it is advisable both from an economic and community perspective to maintain home-based care for individuals with dementia for as long as possible. Ambient assistive and sensor technologies comprise a key contribution towards helping the person with dementia maintain independence in their community, by supporting their health, lifestyle, and safety, in an unobtrusive manner. Ambient technologies can be used to assess the status of the individual with dementia, and also to enable their independent home-based living for as long as possible. Methodology Dem@Care is an FP7 funded initiative, which aims to provide multi-parametric remote monitoring and enablement for persons with dementia living in the community. We here describe the goals of Dem@Care, as well as the principles behind its design, and early identified issues with deployment. Results We report relevant guiding principles from the literature, as well as principles arising from the team’s own clinical expertise. These principles include user-centred design, individualisation, involving the caregiver, and the prioritising of unobtrusive monitoring. Our goals include the successful enhancement of the quality of life of individuals with dementia, and the efficient and unobtrusive design of technological sensor-based systems in the home. We outline our plans to date to deploy the complete Dem@Care in the homes of community-dwelling older adults with dementia. An emphasis throughout is maintained on the individualised, ‘toolbox’ nature of the system, since we are aware that one size does not fit all for dementia. Conclusions The current proposal introduces the Dem@Care project, as a system for remote management and enablement of persons with dementia. We anticipate valuable insights pertaining to dementia care arising from this multidisciplinary initiative

    A Computational Economy for Grid Computing and its Implementation in the Nimrod-G Resource Brok

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    Computational Grids, coupling geographically distributed resources such as PCs, workstations, clusters, and scientific instruments, have emerged as a next generation computing platform for solving large-scale problems in science, engineering, and commerce. However, application development, resource management, and scheduling in these environments continue to be a complex undertaking. In this article, we discuss our efforts in developing a resource management system for scheduling computations on resources distributed across the world with varying quality of service. Our service-oriented grid computing system called Nimrod-G manages all operations associated with remote execution including resource discovery, trading, scheduling based on economic principles and a user defined quality of service requirement. The Nimrod-G resource broker is implemented by leveraging existing technologies such as Globus, and provides new services that are essential for constructing industrial-strength Grids. We discuss results of preliminary experiments on scheduling some parametric computations using the Nimrod-G resource broker on a world-wide grid testbed that spans five continents

    Providing equivalent learning activities with software-based remote access laboratories

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    Laboratory-based learning activities are important components of engineering and surveying education and it is difficult to offering practical activities to distance education students. Remote Access Laboratory (RAL) systems are widely discussed as learning tools to offer students remote access to rigs or hardware. In some disciplines laboratory activities are purely software based and RAL systems can be used to provide access to software. As part of a larger study into the transferability of the remote laboratory concept to non-engineering disciplines this project evaluates the effectiveness of RAL based software activities in supporting student learning is investigated. In the discipline of Surveying and Spatial Science, RAL technology is used to provide Geographic Information System software access to distance students. The key research question discussed in this paper is whether RALbased software activities can address the same learning outcomes as face-to-face practical classes for software activities. Data was collected from students' discussion forums, teaching staff diaries and teaching staff interviews. The project demonstrates that students undertaking learning activities remotely achieve similar learning outcomes than student in practice classes using the same software. Ease of system access and usability are critical and the learning activity needs to be supported by comprehensive learning materials. This research provides a clear case in which the use of RAL technology has provided inclusive educational opportunities more efficiently and these general results are also applicable to experiments that involve physical hardware

    Digital Dissemination Platform of Transportation Engineering Education Materials Founded in Adoption Research

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    INE/AUTC 14.0

    Technical principles for institutional technologies

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    МЕТОДИКО-ПРАКТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СИСТЕМИ MOODLE У ВИКЛАДАННІ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН В ЗАКЛАДІ ФАХОВОЇ ПЕРЕДВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

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    The article discusses the methodological and practical principles of teaching the economic discipliners in remote or mixed formats using a management system Мoodle in institutions of prehigher education.У статті розглянуті методико-практичні засади викладання економічних дисциплін у дистанційному або змішаному форматі за допомогою системи керування навчанням Moodle в закладі фахової передвищої освіти
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