Opportunities and Challenges for Error Correction Scheme for Wireless Body Area Network: A Survey

This paper offers a review of different types of Error Correction Scheme (ECS) used in communication systems in general, which is followed by a summary of the IEEE standard for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). The possible types of channels and network models for WBAN are presented that are crucial to the design and implementation of ECS. Following that, a literature review on the proposed ECSs for WBAN is conducted based on different aspects. One aspect of the review is to examine what type of parameters are considered during the research work. The second aspect of the review is to analyse how the reliability is measured and whether the research works consider the different types of reliability and delay requirement for different data types or not. The review indicates that the current literatures do not utilize the constraints that are faced by WBAN nodes during ECS design. Subsequently, we put forward future research challenges and opportunities on ECS design and the implementation for WBAN when considering computational complexity and the energy-constrained nature of nodes

Intelligent Circuits and Systems

ICICS-2020 is the third conference initiated by the School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at Lovely Professional University that explored recent innovations of researchers working for the development of smart and green technologies in the fields of Energy, Electronics, Communications, Computers, and Control. ICICS provides innovators to identify new opportunities for the social and economic benefits of society.　 This conference bridges the gap between academics and R&D institutions, social visionaries, and experts from all strata of society to present their ongoing research activities and foster research relations between them. It provides opportunities for the exchange of new ideas, applications, and experiences in the field of smart technologies and finding global partners for future collaboration. The ICICS-2020 was conducted in two broad categories, Intelligent Circuits & Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies in Electrical Engineering

Design for energy-efficient and reliable fog-assisted healthcare IoT systems

Cardiovascular disease and diabetes are two of the most dangerous diseases as they are the leading causes of death in all ages. Unfortunately, they cannot be completely cured with the current knowledge and existing technologies. However, they can be effectively managed by applying methods of continuous health monitoring. Nonetheless, it is difficult to achieve a high quality of healthcare with the current health monitoring systems which often have several limitations such as non-mobility support, energy inefficiency, and an insufficiency of advanced services. Therefore, this thesis presents a Fog computing approach focusing on four main tracks, and proposes it as a solution to the existing limitations. In the first track, the main goal is to introduce Fog computing and Fog services into remote health monitoring systems in order to enhance the quality of healthcare. In the second track, a Fog approach providing mobility support in a real-time health monitoring IoT system is proposed. The handover mechanism run by Fog-assisted smart gateways helps to maintain the connection between sensor nodes and the gateways with a minimized latency. Results show that the handover latency of the proposed Fog approach is 10%-50% less than other state-of-the-art mobility support approaches. In the third track, the designs of four energy-efficient health monitoring IoT systems are discussed and developed. Each energy-efficient system and its sensor nodes are designed to serve a specific purpose such as glucose monitoring, ECG monitoring, or fall detection; with the exception of the fourth system which is an advanced and combined system for simultaneously monitoring many diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Results show that these sensor nodes can continuously work, depending on the application, up to 70-155 hours when using a 1000 mAh lithium battery. The fourth track mentioned above, provides a Fog-assisted remote health monitoring IoT system for diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease. Via several proposed algorithms such as QT interval extraction, activity status categorization, and fall detection algorithms, the system can process data and detect abnormalities in real-time. Results show that the proposed system using Fog services is a promising approach for improving the treatment of diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease

Forests

In this paper, we provide an overview of positioning systems for moving resources in forest and fire management and review the related literature. Emphasis is placed on the accuracy and range of different localization and location-sharing methods, particularly in forested environments and in the absence of conventional cellular or internet connectivity. We then conduct a second review of literature and concepts related to several emerging, broad themes in data science, including the terms |, |, |, |, |, |, and |. Our objective in this second review is to inform how these broader concepts, with implications for networking and analytics, may help to advance natural resource management and science in the future. Based on methods, themes, and concepts that arose in our systematic reviews, we then augmented the paper with additional literature from wildlife and fisheries management, as well as concepts from video object detection, relative positioning, and inventory-tracking that are also used as forms of localization. Based on our reviews of positioning technologies and emerging data science themes, we present a hierarchical model for collecting and sharing data in forest and fire management, and more broadly in the field of natural resources. The model reflects tradeoffs in range and bandwidth when recording, processing, and communicating large quantities of data in time and space to support resource management, science, and public safety in remote areas. In the hierarchical approach, wearable devices and other sensors typically transmit data at short distances using Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), or ANT wireless, and smartphones and tablets serve as intermediate data collection and processing hubs for information that can be subsequently transmitted using radio networking systems or satellite communication. Data with greater spatial and temporal complexity is typically processed incrementally at lower tiers, then fused and summarized at higher levels of incident command or resource management. Lastly, we outline several priority areas for future research to advance big data analytics in natural resources.U01 OH010841/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States/U54 OH007544/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States

Caractérisation du canal de propagation BAN dans un milieu minier

Le Body Area Network (BAN) est une technologie de réseau sans fil qui consiste à interconnecter, autour ou sur le corps humain des transmetteurs et des récepteurs afin d’établir une communication sans fil, impliquant le corps humain. À titre d’exemple, ces composants électroniques utilisant des courants de très faible puissance pourraient communiquer avec un centre de commande distant, pour alerter un service d'urgence. Les applications se trouvent principalement dans les domaines de la santé, militaire, et divertissement. Cette technologie (BAN) pourrait être appliquée davantage dans un environnement minier en raison de sa simplicité et sa capacité à fournir des informations utiles telles que la surveillance de l'environnement ou d’état de santé des employés. En effet, les mineurs sont exposés quotidiennement à un certain nombre de risques qui affecte leurs santés. Dans le cadre de ce projet, nous proposons un système BAN efficace qui sera à la fois rentable et simple à utiliser dans une mine souterraine. Ce projet de recherche consiste à déterminer, à la fréquence 2,4 GHz du standard IEEE 802.11, les performances des systèmes de communication SISO (Single Input Single Output) et MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) pour les canaux BAN, en termes de l’étalement des retards (RMS delay spread), l’affaiblissement de parcours, la bande de cohérence et la capacité du canal. Afin d’atteindre ces objectifs, une campagne de mesure a été effectuée dans une galerie de la mine CANMET (niveau 40m) en ligne de vue directe (LOS) et en ligne de vue indirecte (NLOS) en utilisant les topologies SISO et MIMO. The Body Area Network (BAN) is a wireless networking technology that consists in interconnecting, on or around the human body, transmitters and receivers to establish wireless communication. For example, electronic components, mounted on the human body, using very low power could communicate with a remote control center to alert an emergency service. The BAN applications are mainly found in the areas of health, military, and entertainment. This technology (BAN) could be applied in a mining environment because of its simplicity and its ability to provide useful information such as environmental conditions and employees’ health status data. In fact, the miners are exposed daily to a number of risks that affect their health. As part of this project, we propose an efficient BAN system ,dedicated to the security of the miners, that is both cost effective and easy to use in an underground mine. This research project consists in determining, at the 2.4 GHz frequency of the IEEE 802.11 standard, the performance of the SISO and MIMO communication systems for BAN channels, in terms of the RMS delay spread, the path loss, the coherence bandwidth and the channel capacity. In order to achieve these objectives, measurement campaigns were carried out in the CANMET mine gallery (40m level) in line of sight (LOS) and no line of sight (NLOS) using SISO and MIMO topologies