Aircraft electromagnetic compatibility

Illustrated are aircraft architecture, electromagnetic interference environments, electromagnetic compatibility protection techniques, program specifications, tasks, and verification and validation procedures. The environment of 400 Hz power, electrical transients, and radio frequency fields are portrayed and related to thresholds of avionics electronics. Five layers of protection for avionics are defined. Recognition is given to some present day electromagnetic compatibility weaknesses and issues which serve to reemphasize the importance of EMC verification of equipment and parts, and their ultimate EMC validation on the aircraft. Proven standards of grounding, bonding, shielding, wiring, and packaging are laid out to help provide a foundation for a comprehensive approach to successful future aircraft design and an understanding of cost effective EMC in an aircraft setting

Experimental analysis of computer system dependability

This paper reviews an area which has evolved over the past 15 years: experimental analysis of computer system dependability. Methodologies and advances are discussed for three basic approaches used in the area: simulated fault injection, physical fault injection, and measurement-based analysis. The three approaches are suited, respectively, to dependability evaluation in the three phases of a system's life: design phase, prototype phase, and operational phase. Before the discussion of these phases, several statistical techniques used in the area are introduced. For each phase, a classification of research methods or study topics is outlined, followed by discussion of these methods or topics as well as representative studies. The statistical techniques introduced include the estimation of parameters and confidence intervals, probability distribution characterization, and several multivariate analysis methods. Importance sampling, a statistical technique used to accelerate Monte Carlo simulation, is also introduced. The discussion of simulated fault injection covers electrical-level, logic-level, and function-level fault injection methods as well as representative simulation environments such as FOCUS and DEPEND. The discussion of physical fault injection covers hardware, software, and radiation fault injection methods as well as several software and hybrid tools including FIAT, FERARI, HYBRID, and FINE. The discussion of measurement-based analysis covers measurement and data processing techniques, basic error characterization, dependency analysis, Markov reward modeling, software-dependability, and fault diagnosis. The discussion involves several important issues studies in the area, including fault models, fast simulation techniques, workload/failure dependency, correlated failures, and software fault tolerance

Design of lightning protection for a full-authority digital engine control

The steps and procedures are described which are necessary to achieve a successful lightning-protection design for a state-of-the-art Full-Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) system. The engine and control systems used as examples are fictional, but the design and verification methods are real. Topics discussed include: applicable airworthiness regulation, selection of equipment transient design and control levels for the engine/airframe and intra-engine segments of the system, the use of cable shields, terminal-protection devices and filter circuits in hardware protection design, and software approaches to minimize upset potential. Shield terminations, grounding, and bonding are also discussed, as are the important elements of certification and test plans, and the role of tests and analyses. Also included are examples of multiple-stroke and multiple-burst testing. A review of design pitfalls and challenges, and status of applicable test standards such as RTCA DO-160, Section 22, are presented

Development of reliability methodology for systems engineering. Volume II - Application - Design reliability analysis of a 250 volt-ampere static inverter Final report

Design stage reliability analysis application to static inverte

Multi-kw dc power distribution system study program

The first phase of the Multi-kw dc Power Distribution Technology Program is reported and involves the test and evaluation of a technology breadboard in a specifically designed test facility according to design concepts developed in a previous study on space vehicle electrical power processing, distribution, and control. The static and dynamic performance, fault isolation, reliability, electromagnetic interference characterisitics, and operability factors of high distribution systems were studied in order to gain a technology base for the use of high voltage dc systems in future aerospace vehicles. Detailed technical descriptions are presented and include data for the following: (1) dynamic interactions due to operation of solid state and electromechanical switchgear; (2) multiplexed and computer controlled supervision and checkout methods; (3) pulse width modulator design; and (4) cable design factors

Modeling and analysis of power processing systems: Feasibility investigation and formulation of a methodology

A review is given of future power processing systems planned for the next 20 years, and the state-of-the-art of power processing design modeling and analysis techniques used to optimize power processing systems. A methodology of modeling and analysis of power processing equipment and systems has been formulated to fulfill future tradeoff studies and optimization requirements. Computer techniques were applied to simulate power processor performance and to optimize the design of power processing equipment. A program plan to systematically develop and apply the tools for power processing systems modeling and analysis is presented so that meaningful results can be obtained each year to aid the power processing system engineer and power processing equipment circuit designers in their conceptual and detail design and analysis tasks

The solid state remote power controller: Its status, use and perspective

Solid state remote power controllers (RPC's) are now available to control and protect all types of loads in both ac and dc power distribution systems. RPC's possess many outstanding qualities that make them attractive for most system applications. A review is given of the present state-of-the-art and applications for solid state RPC's for both aerospace and terrestrial systems

Pulse Quenching and Charge-Sharing Effects on Heavy-Ion Microbeam Induced ASET in a Full-Custom CMOS OpAmp

In this work, charge sharing effects on Analog Single Event Transients are experimentally observed in a fully-custom designed, 180nm CMOS Operational Amplifier by means of a heavy-ion microbeam. Sensitive nodes of the differential stage showed bipolar output transients that cannot be explained by single node collection for the closed loop characteristics of the circuit under test. Layout of these transistors are consistent with charge sharing effects due to deposited charge diffusion. Implementation of linear modeling and simulations of multiple node collection between paired transistors of the input stage showed great coincidence with the obtained experimental waveforms, shaped as bipolar, quenched pulses. These effects are also observed due to dummy transistors placed in the layout. A simple parametrization at the simulation level is proposed to reproduce the observed experimental waveforms. Results indicate that charge-sharing effects should be taken into account during simulation-based sensitivity evaluation of analog circuits, as pulse quenching can alter the obtained results, and linear modeling is a simple approach to emulate simultaneous charge collection in multiple nodes by applying superposition principles, with aims of hardening a design.Fil: Fontana, Andrés. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Pazos, Sebastián Matías. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre, Fernando Leonel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Nahuel Agustín. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Muller, Nahuel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: De la Fourniere, Emmanuel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Silveira, Fernando. Universidad de la Republica. Facultad de Ingeniería; UruguayFil: Debray, Mario Ernesto. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Palumbo, Félix Roberto Mario. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Preliminary design of a 100 kW turbine generator

The National Science Foundation and the Lewis Research Center have engaged jointly in a Wind Energy Program which includes the design and erection of a 100 kW wind turbine generator. The machine consists primarily of a rotor turbine, transmission, shaft, alternator, and tower. The rotor, measuring 125 feet in diameter and consisting of two variable pitch blades operates at 40 rpm and generates 100 kW of electrical power at 18 mph wind velocity. The entire assembly is placed on top of a tower 100 feet above ground level

Study of high voltage solar array configurations with integrated power control electronics

Solar array electrical configurations for voltage regulatio