8,721 research outputs found
On The Modelling and Performance Analysis of Lower Layer Mobility in 5G-Advanced
One of upcoming mobility enhancements in 5G-Advanced networks is to execute
handover based on Layer 1 (L1) measurements using the so called lower layer
mobility procedure. In this paper, we provide a system model for lower layer
mobility procedure and we evaluate it against existing higher layer mobility
procedures, such as baseline and conditional handover, using system level
simulations. The benefits and drawbacks of lower layer mobility procedure are
analyzed and compared against higher layer handover mechanisms using the
relevant mobility key performance indicators. It has been shown that lower
layer mobility procedure outperforms the existing handover mechanisms with
respect to radio communication reliability at the expense of higher number of
handovers and ping-pongs. To tackle these drawbacks, additional filtering for
the L1 measurements used in handover decision is introduced to reduce the
fluctuations caused by fast fading and measurement errors. Moreover, lower
layer mobility procedure is enhanced with dynamic switching mechanism enabling
the UE to change cells without being reconfigured by the network. The
evaluations have shown that the introduction of such techniques is beneficial
in reducing the number of ping-pongs and signaling overhead at the expense of
an increase in the delay to react to rapid signal degradation and resource
reservation overhead, respectively.Comment: 9 pages, Submitted to IEEE WCNC 202
On the Analysis and Optimization of Fast Conditional Handover with Hand Blockage for Mobility
Although frequency range 2 (FR2) systems are an essential part of 5G-Advanced
and future 3GPP releases, the mobility performance of multi-panel user
equipment (MPUE) with hand blockage is still an area open for research and
standardization. In this article, a comprehensive study on the mobility
performance of MPUE with hand blockage is performed for conditional handover
(CHO) and its potential enhancement denoted by fast conditional handover
(FCHO). In contrast to CHO, in FCHO the MPUE can reuse earlier target cell
preparations after each handover to autonomously execute subsequent handovers.
This saves both the signaling overhead associated with the reconfiguration and
re-preparation of target cells after each handover and reduces mobility
failures. Results have shown that FCHO offers considerable mobility performance
gains as compared to CHO for different hand blockage cases that are dependent
on the hand position around the MPUE. For the worst-case hand blockage
scenario, it is seen that mobility failures reduce by 10.5% and 19.3% for the
60 km/h and 120 km/h mobility scenarios, respectively. This gain comes at the
expense of reserving the handover resources of an MPUE for a longer time given
that the target cell configurations are not necessarily released after each
handover. In this article, the longer resource reservation problem in FCHO is
analysed and three different resource reservation optimization techniques are
introduced. Results have shown that these optimization techniques not only
reduce the resource reservation time but also significantly reduce the
signaling overhead at the possible expense of a tolerable degradation in
mobility performance.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Access for possible publicatio
RMD (Resource Management in Diffserv) QoS-NSLP model
This draft describes a local QoS model, denoted as Resource Management in Diffserv (RMD) QoS model, for NSIS that extends the IETF Differentiated Services (Diffserv) architecture with a scalable admission control and resource reservation concept. The specification of this QoS model includes a description of its QoS parameter information, as well as how that information should be treated or interpreted in the network
Energy-efficient wireless communication
In this chapter we present an energy-efficient highly adaptive network interface architecture and a novel data link layer protocol for wireless networks that provides Quality of Service (QoS) support for diverse traffic types. Due to the dynamic nature of wireless networks, adaptations in bandwidth scheduling and error control are necessary to achieve energy efficiency and an acceptable quality of service. In our approach we apply adaptability through all layers of the protocol stack, and provide feedback to the applications. In this way the applications can adapt the data streams, and the network protocols can adapt the communication parameters
Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms
Deliverable public del projecte EVERESTThis deliverable provides a definition and a complete evaluation of the RRM/CRRM algorithms selected in D11 and D15, and evolved and refined on an iterative process. The evaluation will be carried out by means of simulations using the simulators provided at D07, and D14.Preprin
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Multimedia delivery in the future internet
The term “Networked Media” implies that all kinds of media including text, image, 3D graphics, audio
and video are produced, distributed, shared, managed and consumed on-line through various networks,
like the Internet, Fiber, WiFi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G and so on, in a convergent manner [1]. This white
paper is the contribution of the Media Delivery Platform (MDP) cluster and aims to cover the Networked
challenges of the Networked Media in the transition to the Future of the Internet.
Internet has evolved and changed the way we work and live. End users of the Internet have been confronted
with a bewildering range of media, services and applications and of technological innovations concerning
media formats, wireless networks, terminal types and capabilities. And there is little evidence that the pace
of this innovation is slowing. Today, over one billion of users access the Internet on regular basis, more
than 100 million users have downloaded at least one (multi)media file and over 47 millions of them do so
regularly, searching in more than 160 Exabytes1 of content. In the near future these numbers are expected
to exponentially rise. It is expected that the Internet content will be increased by at least a factor of 6, rising
to more than 990 Exabytes before 2012, fuelled mainly by the users themselves. Moreover, it is envisaged
that in a near- to mid-term future, the Internet will provide the means to share and distribute (new)
multimedia content and services with superior quality and striking flexibility, in a trusted and personalized
way, improving citizens’ quality of life, working conditions, edutainment and safety.
In this evolving environment, new transport protocols, new multimedia encoding schemes, cross-layer inthe
network adaptation, machine-to-machine communication (including RFIDs), rich 3D content as well as
community networks and the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are expected to generate new models of
interaction and cooperation, and be able to support enhanced perceived quality-of-experience (PQoE) and
innovative applications “on the move”, like virtual collaboration environments, personalised services/
media, virtual sport groups, on-line gaming, edutainment. In this context, the interaction with content
combined with interactive/multimedia search capabilities across distributed repositories, opportunistic P2P
networks and the dynamic adaptation to the characteristics of diverse mobile terminals are expected to
contribute towards such a vision.
Based on work that has taken place in a number of EC co-funded projects, in Framework Program 6 (FP6)
and Framework Program 7 (FP7), a group of experts and technology visionaries have voluntarily
contributed in this white paper aiming to describe the status, the state-of-the art, the challenges and the way
ahead in the area of Content Aware media delivery platforms
On the Design of Sidelink for Cellular V2X: A Literature Review and Outlook for Future
Connected and fully automated vehicles are expected to revolutionize our mobility in the near future on a global scale, by significantly improving road safety, traffic efficiency, and traveling experience. Enhanced vehicular applications, such as cooperative sensing and maneuvering or vehicle platooning, heavily rely on direct connectivity among vehicles, which is enabled by sidelink communications. In order to set the ground for the core contribution of this paper, we first analyze the main streams of the cellular-vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) technology evolution within the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), with focus on the sidelink air interface. Then, we provide a comprehensive survey of the related literature, which is classified and critically dissected, considering both the Long-Term Evolution-based solutions and the 5G New Radio-based latest advancements that promise substantial improvements in terms of latency and reliability. The wide literature review is used as a basis to finally identify further challenges and perspectives, which may shape the C-V2X sidelink developments in the next-generation vehicles beyond 5G
Base Station controlled load balancing with handovers in Mobile WiMAX
Tämän diplomityön päätavoitteena on tutkia, kuinka kuorman tasaus voidaan suorittaa tukiaseman aloitteesta yhteysvastuun vaihdoilla mobiili WiMAX:ssa ja selvittää menetelmän potentiaalia edistää resurssien käyttöä sekä palvelun laatua koko systeemissä. Tavoitteena on myös tutkia alustavasti sitä, miten turvakaistoja voitaisiin varata ns. pelastavalle yhteysvastuun vaihdolle mobiili WiMAX:ssa, kuinka tämä vaikuttaisi kuorman tasaukseen ja kuinka nämä lähestymistavat voitaisiin yhdistää.
Diplomityö sisältää koosteen IEEE 802.16e radiorajapintateknologian ja WiMAX Forum liityntäverkkoarkkitehtuurin tärkeimmistä elementeistä kuorman tasauksen ja yhteysvastuun vaihdon suhteen sekä kirjallisuuskatsauksen kuorman tasauksesta, sekä pelastavan yhteysvastuun vaihdon ja liikenteen priorisoinnista.
Näiden perusteella suunniteltiin mobiili WiMAX:lle räätälöity resurssien käyttöön perustuva peruskuormantasausalgoritmi. Tämän lisäksi tehtiin muutama alustava ehdotus perusalgoritmia edistävistä menetelmistä. Näihin kuuluivat esimerkiksi kuorman tasauksen laukaisuun tarkoitetun kynnyksen automaattinen säätäminen, useiden kynnysten käyttäminen sekä resurssien varaukseen perustuva laukaisu, missä kuorman tasaus voidaan laukaista turvakaistojen suhteen.
Lopuksi perusalgoritmi evaluoitiin staattisessa ympäristössä. Vaikka suoritetut simulaatiot eivät olleet laajamittaisia, perusalgoritmin parametreista ja yleisestä suorituskyvystä saatiin hyödyllistä informaatiota. Vaikka algoritmi suoriutui hyvin simuloidussa ympäristössä, aikaisemmin suunnitelluille edistäville menetelmille todettiin yleisesti ottaen selvä tarve.
Tämän diplomityön pitäisi luoda hyvä pohja yhteysvastuun vaihtoon perustuvan kuorman tasauksen edelleen kehittämiselle ja evaluoinnille mobiili WiMAX:ssa. Tutkimuksen perusteella päädyttiin siihen johtopäätökseen, että kuorman tasaus yhteysvastuun vaihdolla voi olla todella tehokas tapa vapauttaa resursseja suurimmassa osassa ympäristöistä, mutta että turvakaistojen käyttöä tulisi silti harkita.The purpose of this thesis is to examine how load balancing with Base Station initiated directed handovers could be conducted in Mobile WiMAX and the potential it has to enhance Resource Utilization and QoS system wide. An additional goal of the thesis is also to conduct preliminary research on how guard bands for rescue handovers could be used in Mobile WiMAX, how this would affect load balancing and how these two approaches could be combined.
The thesis includes a background study on the key system aspects of the IEEE 802.16e radio interface technology and WiMAX Forum Access Network Architecture in terms of load balancing and handovers and a literary review on load balancing, and system wide handover and traffic prioritization.
Based on the gained knowledge a basic Resource Utilization based load balancing algorithm tailored for Mobile WiMAX is designed. Few preliminary enhancement proposals are also made in terms of e.g. automatic tuning of the triggering threshold, multiple threshold based triggering and Resource Reservation based triggering where load balancing can be triggered in relations to the reserved guard for rescue handovers and higher priority traffic.
Finally preliminary evaluation of the basic algorithm in a static environment is conducted. Although the simulations are not extensive, beneficial information is obtained of the basic parameters of the algorithm and of the overall performance of the algorithm. Even though the basic algorithm performed well in the simulated environment, a clear need was recognized for the enhancements introduced earlier.
All in all this thesis should form a very good basis for the further development and evaluation of handover based load balancing in Mobile WiMAX. Based on the study it was concluded that load balancing with directed handovers can be a very efficient way to release resources in most cases but the use of rescue handover guard bands should still be considered
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