Una generalización de Sλ-I-convergencia de sucesiones dobles complejas inciertas

In this paper, we introduce the λI2 -statistically  convergence sequence concepts which are namely λI2 -statistically convergence almost surely (Sλ(I2) a.s.), λI2 -statistically convergence in measure, λI2 -statistically convergence in mean, λI2 -statistically convergence in distribution and λI2 -statistically convergence uniformly almost surely (Sλ(I2) u.a.s.). Additionally, decomposition theorems and relationships among them are presented, further, when reciprocal of one theorem is not satisfied, an counterexample is shown to support the result.En este artículo, se introduce las nociones de sucesiones estadísticamente λI2-convergences las cuales son llamadas estadísticamente λI2-convergence casi seguro (Sλ(I2) c.s.), estadísticamente λI2-convergente en medida, estadísticamente λI2-convergente en media, estadísticamente λI2-convergente en distribución y estadísticamente λI2-convergente uniformemente casi seguro (Sλ(I2) u.c.s.). Adicionalmente, presentamos algunos teoremas y relaciones existentes entre las nociones mencionadas anteriormente, asu vez, cuando el reciproco de un teorema no se satisface, se presenta un contra ejemplo para soportar el resultado

Own up! Does anyone out there have a decent theory of ownership?

In this short paper, I attempt to find what theoretical grounds might support the term ownership as used in aid relations and critically to discuss these grounds. Three possible sources for thinking through the concept are: property rights, relationships made or sustained through gifts, and principal-agent theory. After setting the concept of ownership in development aid within the context of its origins, the paper explores the relevance and implications of seeing ownership as the effect of a gift, and then, in more detail, explores the way in which principal-agent theory has been applied to the analysis of ownership. Where this has been done, a particular controversy emerges around the relationship between ownership and conditionality: some regard these notions as fully compatible while others highlight the tension between them

Archimedean Copulae and Positive Dependence.

In the first part of the paper we consider positive dependence properties of Archimedean copulae. Especially we characterize the Archimedean copulae that are multivariate totally positive of order 2 (MTP2) and conditionally increasing in sequence. In the second part we investigate conditions for binary sequences to admit an Archimedean copula.Conditionally increasing, MTP2, positive lower orthant dependent, exchangeability, binary sequences.

The societal embedding of sustainable Product-Service Systems: Looking for synergies between strategic design and transition studies

Copyright @ 2014 Greenleaf Publishing.Eco-efficient Product-Service System (PSS) innovations represent a promising approach to sustainability, but their implementation and diffusion is hindered by several cultural, corporate and regulative barriers. Hence, an important challenge is not only to conceive sustainable PSS concepts, but also to understand how to manage, support and orient the introduction and diffusion of these concepts. Building upon recent advances in the innovation studies field (in particular the contributions from transition studies) this chapter puts forward a conceptual framework for the introduction and scaling-up of eco-efficient PSSs. A key role is given to the implementation of socio-technical experiments: protected spaces where radical innovations can be tested, become more mature, and potentially challenge and change dominant socio-technical practices, habits and institutions. Starting from these considerations this chapter investigates the potential contribution that a strategic design approach can make to stimulating and supporting the societal embedding of eco-efficient PSS innovations. A new strategic design role thus emerges, a role in which the ideation and development of sustainable PSS concepts is coupled with the designing of appropriate transition paths to gradually incubate, introduce and diffuse these concepts. Starting from these considerations the chapter outlines and discusses the new design approach and capabilities required by strategic designers

Statistical Inference and the Plethora of Probability Paradigms: A Principled Pluralism

The major competing statistical paradigms share a common remarkable but unremarked thread: in many of their inferential applications, different probability interpretations are combined. How this plays out in different theories of inference depends on the type of question asked. We distinguish four question types: confirmation, evidence, decision, and prediction. We show that Bayesian confirmation theory mixes what are intuitively “subjective” and “objective” interpretations of probability, whereas the likelihood-based account of evidence melds three conceptions of what constitutes an “objective” probability

ON LACUNARY CONVERGENCE IN CREDIBILITY SPACE

In this paper, we present the notions of lacunary statistically convergent sequence for fuzzy variables, lacunary statistically Cauchy sequence in credibility space, and present a kind of lacunary statistical completeness for credibility space. Also, we present lacunary strong convergence concepts of sequences of fuzzy variables of different types

On the existence of the true value of a probability. Part I: Determinism versus aleatorism

Objetivist models are based on the deterministic hypothesis that postulates the existence of probability, which is cognoscible only in an asymptotic manner. On the other hand, subjectivist models consider the aleatoristic hypothesis according to which there is no truth about probability. However, both hypotheses may only be compared through stochastic models, which are not strictly falsifiable. Therefore, neither the hypothesis stating the existence of a true value regarding the probability of occurrence of an event nor de Finetti´s postulate which sustains that “probability does not exist” are strictly verifiable.